本文選題：濱海含水層 + 海水入侵　； 參考：《煙臺大學(xué)》2017年碩士論文

【摘要】：濱海含水層是濱海地區(qū)淡水資源的主要來源,濱海含水層的管理對于濱海地區(qū)社會經(jīng)濟的發(fā)展具有重要意義。海水入侵作為濱海地區(qū)影響最為廣泛的自然災(zāi)害,對于濱海含水層的地下水資源具有重要影響。本文通過構(gòu)建二維砂箱模型,研究抽取地下咸水對于海水入侵咸淡水界面運移的影響,并通過數(shù)值模擬的方法研究濱海含水層地下水的優(yōu)化開采方式對海水入侵的防治應(yīng)用,提出濱海含水層多目標(biāo)管理系統(tǒng),為濱海含水層管理提出合理建議。通過構(gòu)建室內(nèi)砂箱物理模型并結(jié)合著色技術(shù),分析不同抽咸強度和布井方式下海水入侵咸淡水界面運移規(guī)律以及地下水流場演變機制,研究不同情境下抽取咸水對于海水入侵的防治效果。結(jié)果表明:地下水流場受抽取咸水的強度和布井方式影響,可通過加大咸水抽取強度、優(yōu)化布井方式,實現(xiàn)抽咸防治海水入侵的最佳效果。固定咸水抽取強度時,遠(yuǎn)離咸淡水界面進行的疊加井抽水與單井抽水效果相比,并不具備優(yōu)越性;在海水入侵界面以下咸水體上部抽取咸水,可防止抽咸過程中海水入侵界面向內(nèi)陸移動,在海水入侵界面近趾端處抽取咸水可以使海水楔趾端更快向海水區(qū)回退;保持一定的咸水抽取強度時,在海水入侵界面以下咸水體上部與趾端位置處進行分散式布井,可以達(dá)到整體修復(fù)濱海含水層的效果。通過構(gòu)建抽取地下咸水防治海水入侵的數(shù)值模型,模擬分析相同布井方式下不同抽咸強度防治海水入侵的效果,結(jié)果表明:加大抽咸強度后,抽取地下咸水可更快達(dá)到防治效果。但是,達(dá)到一定的咸水開采強度后,咸水開采達(dá)到一定高強度后,淡水和咸水會在井內(nèi)混合,形成逼近抽水井的咸淡水楔形界面。構(gòu)建包括濱海含水層數(shù)據(jù)庫子系統(tǒng)、評價模型子系統(tǒng)、數(shù)值模擬子系統(tǒng)、防治技術(shù)子系統(tǒng)、管理方案子系統(tǒng)等多個子系統(tǒng)的濱海含水層多目標(biāo)管理系統(tǒng),并提出濱海含水層管理的決策和建議,為濱海含水層的多目標(biāo)管理提供技術(shù)支持。
[Abstract]:Coastal aquifer is the main source of freshwater resources in coastal area, and the management of coastal aquifer is of great significance to the development of social economy in coastal area. As the most extensive natural disaster in coastal area, seawater intrusion plays an important role in groundwater resources of littoral aquifer. In this paper, a two-dimensional sand tank model is constructed to study the effect of extracting salt water on the interface migration of salt and fresh water in seawater intrusion, and to study the application of optimal exploitation of groundwater in coastal aquifer to the prevention and treatment of seawater intrusion by numerical simulation. The multi-objective management system of coastal aquifer is put forward, and some reasonable suggestions for the management of coastal aquifer are put forward. By building indoor sand tank physical model and combining coloring technology, this paper analyzes the migration law of salt-fresh water interface and the evolution mechanism of groundwater flow field under different salinity intensity and well layout mode. To study the prevention and cure effect of salt water extraction on seawater invasion in different situations. The results show that the groundwater flow field is affected by the strength of the extracted salt water and the pattern of well layout. The best effect of brackish water extraction and prevention of seawater intrusion can be achieved by increasing the extraction intensity of salt water and optimizing the pattern of well layout. When the extraction strength of fixed salt water is fixed, the superimposed well pumping away from the interface of salt and fresh water is not superior to that of single well pumping, and the salt water is extracted from the upper part of the salt water body below the salt water invasion interface. It can prevent the seawater intrusion interface from moving inland during the process of brackish drainage. The extraction of salt water near the toe end of the seawater intrusion interface can make the wedge end of the seawater recede back to the sea water area more quickly, and when the salt water extraction intensity is maintained, a certain amount of salt water extraction intensity can be maintained. The effect of restoring littoral aquifer can be achieved by distributed well arrangement at the upper part and toe end of salt water body below the interface of seawater intrusion. By constructing a numerical model of salt water extraction to prevent seawater intrusion, the effects of different brackish intensity on seawater intrusion prevention under the same well distribution mode are simulated and analyzed. The results show that: after increasing salt water intensity, The control effect can be achieved more quickly by extracting underground salt water. However, when the exploitation intensity of salt water reaches a certain degree, the fresh water and salt water will mix in the well and form a wedge interface of salt and fresh water approaching to the pumping well after the exploitation of salt water reaches a certain high intensity. The multi-objective management system of coastal aquifer is constructed, which includes database subsystem, evaluation model subsystem, numerical simulation subsystem, prevention and control subsystem, management scheme subsystem and so on. The decision-making and suggestion of coastal aquifer management are put forward to provide technical support for multi-objective management of littoral aquifer.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：煙臺大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2017
【分類號】：P641.8;P731.2

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