本文選題：河-海劃界 + 地貌學(xué)指標(biāo)　； 參考：《海洋學(xué)研究》2017年03期

【摘要】：入海河口是河流向海洋過(guò)渡的區(qū)域,作為海岸帶的一部分,具有獨(dú)特性與復(fù)雜性,基于岸線形態(tài)的海岸地貌學(xué)指標(biāo)與眾多河口參數(shù)具有密切的聯(lián)系與影響,而以地形節(jié)點(diǎn)作為河-海劃界方案具備可行性與可操作性。在河流中心線上某點(diǎn)處,定義河流寬度(B)和沿河流中心線到口門(mén)處距離(L)的B=f(L)函數(shù)來(lái)實(shí)現(xiàn)河-海劃界的定量劃分,并對(duì)不同類(lèi)型河口使用該函數(shù)曲線尋找地形節(jié)點(diǎn)進(jìn)行河-海劃界。結(jié)果表明:沙壩或堵塞型河口其地形節(jié)點(diǎn)處的河流展寬速率在-0.5~0之間;河道狀河口及河網(wǎng)狀三角洲其地形節(jié)點(diǎn)處的河流展寬速率在0.5~1.2之間;河口灣型河口的地形節(jié)點(diǎn)處的河流展寬速率在0.6~1.5之間;喇叭形三角洲河口其地形節(jié)點(diǎn)處的河流展寬速率在1.3~4.5之間;鳥(niǎo)足狀三角洲和扇形三角洲的入海河口段的河流展寬速率在0~0.2之間,建議以口門(mén)處作為地形節(jié)點(diǎn)。應(yīng)用此方法對(duì)我國(guó)大陸入海河流進(jìn)行河-海劃界,并進(jìn)行中國(guó)大陸河口岸線長(zhǎng)度量算,取得良好效果。
[Abstract]:As a part of coastal zone, estuaries are unique and complex. The coastal geomorphological indexes based on shoreline form are closely related to many estuary parameters. It is feasible and operable to use topographic nodes as river-sea delimitation scheme. At a point on the central line of a river, the functions of the width of the river B) and the distance from the central line of the river to the mouth L) are defined to realize the quantitative division of the boundary between the river and the sea. The function curve is used to search the topographic nodes for different estuaries to delimit the river-sea boundary. The results show that the river broadening rate at the topographic node of sand dam or clogged estuary is between -0.5 and 0, and that at the topographic node of river mouth and river network delta is between 0.5 and 1.2. The river broadening rate at the topographic nodes of estuarine estuaries is between 0.6 and 1.5, and that at the topographic nodes of loudspeaker delta estuaries is between 1.3 and 4.5. The river broadening rate of the estuarine section of bird foot delta and fan-shaped delta is between 0 and 0.2. It is suggested that the mouth should be used as the topographic node. The method is used to demarcate the rivers and seas in the mainland of China, and to calculate the length of the estuaries and shorelines in the Chinese mainland, and good results have been obtained.
【作者單位】： 華東師范大學(xué)河口海岸學(xué)國(guó)家重點(diǎn)實(shí)驗(yàn)室;
【基金】：國(guó)家自然科學(xué)基金項(xiàng)目資助(41376098,41476077)
【分類(lèi)號(hào)】：P737.1

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