本文選題：海岸線 + 動態(tài)演變　； 參考：《地球信息科學(xué)學(xué)報(bào)》2017年10期

【摘要】：海岸線對海平面上升、海岸侵蝕、港灣淤積、濕地生態(tài)資源、近海海域環(huán)境等具有重要的指示作用。利用遙感和GIS技術(shù)獲取了珠江河口區(qū)1973-2015年8期海岸線數(shù)據(jù),分析了海岸線長度、類型、空間位置的時(shí)空演化特征,提出岸線利用程度指數(shù)并定量分析人類活動對岸線的影響,最后對海岸線變化驅(qū)動力進(jìn)行了探討。結(jié)果表明:(1)珠江河口區(qū)海岸線長度總體持續(xù)增加,岸線變化強(qiáng)度具有階段性,1990年以前變化緩慢,1990-2000年為變化高峰期,2000年后變化強(qiáng)度減弱;(2)1973-1990年珠江河口區(qū)以自然岸線為主,之后人工岸線成為主導(dǎo)岸線類型,建設(shè)圍堤岸線1973年占總長度的7.09%,2015年所占比例增加到46.49%,在所有岸線類型中變化最大、比例最高;(3)研究期內(nèi),珠江河口區(qū)海岸線以向海域推進(jìn)為主,年均速率達(dá)到39.10 m/a,雞啼門-虎跳門段、磨刀門-雞啼門段和蕉門-洪奇門段為向海延伸的熱點(diǎn)區(qū)域;(4)40年來岸線利用程度指數(shù)穩(wěn)定上升,1995年前增速較快,之后相對平緩。伶仃洋東岸岸線利用程度增幅最大;(5)口門整治、開發(fā)建設(shè)和圍海養(yǎng)殖等人為活動是珠江口海岸線發(fā)生變化的主要原因,自然環(huán)境條件、人口和經(jīng)濟(jì)的增長以及政策因素是岸線演變的重要驅(qū)動力。
[Abstract]:Coastline plays an important role in indicating sea level rise, coastal erosion, estuary siltation, wetland ecological resources and offshore sea environment. Using remote sensing and GIS techniques, the coastline data of the Pearl River Estuary from 1973 to 2015 were obtained. The temporal and spatial evolution characteristics of the length, type and spatial location of the coastline were analyzed. The index of shoreline utilization was put forward and the influence of human activities on the shoreline was analyzed quantitatively. Finally, the driving force of coastline change is discussed. The results show that the length of shoreline in the Pearl River estuary has been increasing continuously, and the change intensity of shoreline is in stages. The change was slow before 1990 and was the peak period from 1990 to 2000. After 2000, the change intensity was weakened and the natural shoreline was dominant in the Pearl River Estuary from 1973 to 1990. After that, artificial shoreline became the dominant shoreline type. The construction of embankment shoreline accounted for 7.09% of the total length in 1973, and the proportion increased to 46.49 in 2015, with the largest change of all shoreline types and the highest proportion during the research period. The main shoreline of the Pearl River estuary is advancing toward the sea area, with an average annual rate of 39.10 m / a, and the section between Chicken Gate and Tiger jumping Gate. In the past 40 years, the utilization index of shoreline increased steadily, before 1995, the growth rate was faster, and then relatively flat. The biggest increase in the utilization of the east coast of Lingdingyang is the regulation of the estuary, the development and construction of artificial activities, and the artificial activities such as reclaiming the sea, are the main reasons for the changes in the Pearl River Estuary coastline, and the natural environment conditions, Population and economic growth and policy factors are important drivers of shoreline evolution.
【作者單位】： 中山大學(xué)地理科學(xué)與規(guī)劃學(xué)院廣東省水環(huán)境遙感監(jiān)測工程技術(shù)研究中心廣東省城市化與地理環(huán)境空間模擬重點(diǎn)實(shí)驗(yàn)室;廣州地理研究所廣東省遙感與地理信息系統(tǒng)應(yīng)用重點(diǎn)實(shí)驗(yàn)室;
【基金】：廣東省水利科技創(chuàng)新項(xiàng)目(2014-13,2016-08) 廣東省科技計(jì)劃項(xiàng)目(2016A020222006、2016A020210059、2017B020216001) 廣東省自然科學(xué)基金項(xiàng)目(S2013010013320)
【分類號】：P737.1
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本文編號：1828390