本文選題：亞麻酸 + 赤潮異彎藻　； 參考：《曲阜師范大學(xué)》2015年碩士論文

【摘要】：近年來,有害赤潮在我國沿海和世界各地頻繁發(fā)生,嚴(yán)重的影響了海洋生態(tài)系統(tǒng)、海洋水產(chǎn)系統(tǒng)穩(wěn)定,甚至對海洋漁業(yè)和人類健康產(chǎn)生了巨大的威脅。有害赤潮已經(jīng)成為海洋環(huán)境污染的問題之一,并引起了全球的關(guān)注。目前,對于有害赤潮的治理方法有很多種,但是,很多治理方法對于海洋系統(tǒng)具有一定的破壞性,所以,尋找一種高效、低影響的赤潮治理方法迫在眉睫。我們研究的重點(diǎn)是,依據(jù)前人研究的相生相克原理,利用大型海藻細(xì)胞內(nèi)提取出的不飽和脂肪酸來抑制海洋赤潮微藻的生長。目前,有關(guān)化感物質(zhì)的抑制機(jī)理研究主要有抗氧化系統(tǒng)、光合系統(tǒng)和胞外酶等。尤其是氧化協(xié)迫系統(tǒng),因?yàn)檠趸{迫系統(tǒng)多于其他的影響因子關(guān)聯(lián)在一起,但是化感物質(zhì)是否直接作用于某種蛋白質(zhì)或者說是否通過直接影響電子在葉綠體、線粒體中的傳遞而引起氧化脅迫的問題還有待于進(jìn)一步的研究。另外,關(guān)于化感物質(zhì)對于赤潮微藻的抑制是否是通過細(xì)胞凋亡的途徑引起的研究鮮見報(bào)道。所以說,化感物質(zhì)—不飽和脂肪酸對于赤潮微藻的氧化脅迫和細(xì)胞凋亡研究對于化感物質(zhì)抑藻劑的開發(fā)和利用具有重要的意義�；形镔|(zhì)亞麻酸是在前期研究中從小珊瑚藻和鼠尾藻組織中分離鑒定出來的,具有很強(qiáng)的殺藻活性,本文進(jìn)一步的探究了亞麻酸對赤潮異彎藻和米氏凱倫藻的抑制機(jī)理。通過研究亞麻酸對赤潮異彎藻和米氏凱倫藻氧化脅迫和細(xì)胞凋亡的研究來探討亞麻酸對赤潮微藻的抑制機(jī)理。亞麻酸作為不飽和脂肪酸的一種,普遍存在在植物體中,是動植物生長發(fā)育必不可少的物質(zhì)之一。我們通過研究亞麻酸對有害赤潮微藻氧化脅迫及細(xì)胞凋亡機(jī)制的影響來探究亞麻酸對于有害赤潮微藻的化感效應(yīng)。赤潮異彎藻、米氏凱倫藻這兩種藻是近年來有害赤潮形成的主要藻種,本文主要利用多種實(shí)驗(yàn)方法來探究不飽和脂肪酸—亞麻酸對赤潮異彎藻和米氏凱倫藻氧化脅迫和細(xì)胞凋亡機(jī)制的研究,從而取得了以下實(shí)驗(yàn)結(jié)果:1.亞麻酸對赤潮異彎藻和米氏凱倫藻生長量的影響亞麻酸對赤潮異彎藻和米氏凱倫藻生長量的影響呈現(xiàn)低濃度促進(jìn),高濃度抑制的趨勢。2.亞麻酸對赤潮異彎藻和米氏凱倫藻抗氧化系統(tǒng)的影響亞麻酸作用赤潮異彎藻和米氏凱倫藻48h后,總的來說,隨著亞麻酸濃度的增加,抗氧化酶(SOD、CAT、POD)的活性和抗氧化物質(zhì)(抗壞血酸、GSH)都出現(xiàn)了先升高后下降的趨勢。3.亞麻酸對赤潮異彎藻和米氏凱倫藻活性氧的影響亞麻酸作用赤潮異彎藻和米氏凱倫藻48h后,隨著亞麻酸濃度的增加,羥基自由基、過氧化氫和ROS的含量逐漸的升高,超氧陰離子自由基含量先是升高,隨后又出現(xiàn)了下降的趨勢。4.亞麻酸對赤潮異彎藻和米氏凱倫藻氧化傷害的影響亞麻酸作用赤潮異彎藻和米氏凱倫藻48h后,隨著亞麻酸濃度的增加,丙二醛的含量出現(xiàn)先升高后下降的趨勢。通過丙二醛含量的變化來反應(yīng)膜脂過氧化的程度。5.臺盼藍(lán)染色實(shí)驗(yàn)臺盼藍(lán)染色實(shí)驗(yàn)表明,亞麻酸作用赤潮異彎藻和米氏凱倫藻48h后,隨著亞麻酸濃度的增加,藻細(xì)胞的成活率逐漸下降。6.亞麻酸對赤潮異彎藻和米氏凱倫藻細(xì)胞凋亡機(jī)制的影響(1)赤潮異彎藻和米氏凱倫藻的超微結(jié)構(gòu)實(shí)驗(yàn)表明,亞麻酸處理赤潮異彎藻后,赤潮異彎藻的細(xì)胞出現(xiàn)細(xì)胞膜內(nèi)陷,細(xì)胞器排列紊亂,部分質(zhì)體界線不明顯并開始溶解,液泡變大,有脂肪滴出現(xiàn);亞麻酸處理米氏凱倫藻后,米氏凱倫藻細(xì)胞出現(xiàn)質(zhì)壁分離,細(xì)胞內(nèi)部細(xì)胞器排列紊亂,界線模糊,液泡增多,出現(xiàn)脂肪滴和黑色的蛋白顆粒。(2)線粒體膜電位實(shí)驗(yàn)表明,亞麻酸處理的赤潮異彎藻和米氏凱倫藻與未處理的對照組相比線粒體膜電位降低。(3)Caspase-3,9酶檢測實(shí)驗(yàn)表明,亞麻酸處理的赤潮異彎藻和米氏凱倫藻與未處理的對照組相比,Caspase-3,9酶活性增高。(4)細(xì)胞色素c釋放實(shí)驗(yàn)表明,亞麻酸處理的赤潮異彎藻和米氏凱倫藻與未處理的對照組相比,細(xì)胞色素c的含量增高。(5)Bcl-2實(shí)驗(yàn)表明,亞麻酸處理的赤潮異彎藻和米氏凱倫藻與未處理的對照組相比,Bcl-2的含量降低。
[Abstract]:In recent years, the harmful red tide has occurred frequently in China's coastal and all over the world, seriously affecting the marine ecosystem, the stability of the marine aquatic system, and even a great threat to the marine fisheries and human health. Harmful red tides have become one of the problems of marine environmental pollution and have aroused global concern. At present, the harmful red tide is concerned. There are many kinds of control methods, but many methods are destructive to the marine system. Therefore, it is imminent to find a high efficient and low impact method of red tide treatment. The growth of oceanic red tide microalgae. At present, the mechanisms of inhibition of allelochemicals are mainly antioxidant systems, photosynthetic systems and extracellular enzymes, especially oxidative stress systems, because the oxidative stress system is associated with other factors, but whether allelochemicals are directly connected to a certain protein or through straight. The problem of oxidative stress caused by the transmission of electrons in the chloroplasts and mitochondria remains to be further studied. In addition, there are few reports on whether the inhibition of allelochemicals to the red tide microalgae is caused by cell apoptosis. Therefore, the allelochemicals - unsaturated fatty acids are the threat to the oxidation of red tide microalgae The study of pressure and cell apoptosis is of great significance for the development and utilization of Allelochemical alga suppressor. Allelic linolenic acid is isolated and identified from the early studies of small coral algae and rat tail algae, and has strong algal activity. The mechanism. The inhibition mechanism of linolenic acid to red tide microalgae was investigated by studying the oxidative stress and apoptosis of linolenic acid to alga and Karen algae. Linolenic acid, one of the unsaturated fatty acids, is commonly found in plants and is one of the indispensable substances in the growth and development of animals and plants. The effects of acid on oxidative stress and cell apoptosis mechanism of harmful red tide microalgae are studied to explore the allelopathic effect of linolenic acid on harmful red tide microalgae. Two kinds of algae, Karen algae, are the main species of harmful red tides in recent years. This paper mainly uses a variety of experimental methods to explore the red tide of unsaturated fatty acid linolenic acid. Studies on the oxidative stress and cell apoptosis mechanism of alga and Karen algae, the following experimental results were obtained: 1. the effects of linolenic acid on the growth of alga and Karen alga in the red tide, the effect of linolenic acid on the growth of alga and Karen algae was low concentration, and the tendency of high concentration inhibition was.2. linolenic acid to red tide The effects of linolenic acid on the antioxidant system of alga and Karen Karen after the action of linolenic acid and Karen alga, in general, the activity of antioxidant enzymes (SOD, CAT, POD) and antioxidants (ascorbic acid, GSH) increased first and then decreased with the increase of linolenic acid concentration, and.3. linolenic acid was applied to the red tide ISO flexural algae and Michaelis. After the effect of linolenic acid on the effect of linolenic acid on 48h, the content of hydroxyl radicals, hydrogen peroxide and ROS increased gradually with the increase of linolenic acid concentration, the content of superoxide anion radicals increased first, and then the decreased potential of.4. linolenic acid was found in the oxygen of alga of red tide and Karen algae. The effect of linolenic acid on the effect of linolenic acid on the alga and Karen 48h, with the increase of the concentration of linolenic acid, the content of malondialdehyde first increased and then declined. The degree of malondialdehyde content changes to reflect the degree of membrane lipid peroxidation in.5. trypan blue staining experiment on the trypan blue dyeing experiment show that the flaxenic acid acts on the red tide After 48h, the survival rate of the algal cells decreased with the increase of linolenic acid concentration, and the effect of.6. linolenic acid on the apoptosis mechanism of the red tide isobent algae and Karen algae (1) the ultrastructural experiment of the red tide and Karen algae showed that the cells of the red tide ISO flexural algae were thin after the linolenic acid was at the red tide. In the cell membrane, the organelles were in disorder, the part of the plastid boundary was not obvious and began to dissolve, the vacuole became larger, and the fat droplets appeared. After linolenic acid treatment of Karen algae, the cells of Karen algae were separated, the internal organelles were arranged in disorder, the boundaries were blurred, the vacuoles increased, and the lipid droplets and black protein particles appeared. (2) mitochondrial membrane (2) membrane The potential test showed that the mitochondrial membrane potential decreased compared with the untreated control group. (3) the Caspase-3,9 enzyme test showed that the activity of Caspase-3,9 was higher than that of the untreated control group, compared with the untreated control group. (4) the experiment of cytochrome c release. Compared with the untreated control group, the content of cytochrome C increased in linolenic acid treated alga and Karen algae. (5) Bcl-2 experiment showed that the content of Bcl-2 was lower than that of untreated control group.

【學(xué)位授予單位】：曲阜師范大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2015
【分類號】：X55

【參考文獻(xiàn)】

相關(guān)期刊論文 前1條

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本文編號：1804661