本文選題：Argo + SMOS��； 參考：《中國(guó)海洋大學(xué)》2014年碩士論文

【摘要】：全球變暖現(xiàn)象已經(jīng)成為數(shù)十年來(lái)被廣泛關(guān)注的焦點(diǎn)氣候問(wèn)題。引發(fā)全球變暖的原因是多方面的，其中主要因素可分為自然因素和人為因素，包括全球周期性的冰暖期交替以及人類活動(dòng)造成的大量溫室氣體的排放等。全球變暖將會(huì)對(duì)人類社會(huì)產(chǎn)生重要的影響，涉及到多個(gè)方面：從生態(tài)環(huán)境角度來(lái)講，全球變暖將會(huì)導(dǎo)致地球表面溫度升高，進(jìn)而有可能造成兩極冰川融化，抬高海平面，引發(fā)人類居住地的災(zāi)難性后果；從社會(huì)經(jīng)濟(jì)角度來(lái)講，雖然表面上更暖的氣候有提升農(nóng)作物產(chǎn)量的潛力，但是由氣候變化而導(dǎo)致的難以預(yù)測(cè)的極端氣候現(xiàn)象對(duì)農(nóng)作物產(chǎn)量的沖擊同樣是巨大的，而且氣候的變化可能會(huì)導(dǎo)致病蟲害或傳染疾病的加劇，，影響社會(huì)安定。 多年來(lái)，氣候?qū)W家和海洋學(xué)家針對(duì)全球變暖做了大量的研究工作，他們從海表面溫度、海表面氣壓、海冰等多個(gè)角度對(duì)研究對(duì)象與全球變暖的關(guān)系進(jìn)行了系統(tǒng)的研究，揭示了諸多全球變暖的信號(hào)和影響。但是受限于數(shù)據(jù)來(lái)源，目前的工作大多集中在海表面以及大氣層，對(duì)海表面以下的參數(shù)缺乏系統(tǒng)深入研究。而新世紀(jì)以來(lái)Argo全球海洋觀測(cè)網(wǎng)絡(luò)計(jì)劃的順利實(shí)施，使得在全球尺度觀察三維溫鹽參數(shù)成為可能，而2009年歐空局發(fā)射的歷史上第一顆土壤濕度與海洋鹽度（Soil Moisture and Ocean Salinity, SMOS）衛(wèi)星使得海洋鹽度最終實(shí)現(xiàn)了遙感測(cè)量。本文受益于難得的歷史機(jī)遇，結(jié)合SMOS衛(wèi)星數(shù)據(jù)與Argo數(shù)據(jù)，來(lái)探索全球變暖背景下溫鹽參數(shù)模態(tài)結(jié)構(gòu)的垂直變化。具體工作包括： 1.在使用SMOS衛(wèi)星數(shù)據(jù)之前，首先以Argo表層實(shí)測(cè)數(shù)據(jù)為基準(zhǔn)，對(duì)SMOS衛(wèi)星的兩個(gè)數(shù)據(jù)發(fā)布中心（法國(guó)海洋研究研究院SMOS衛(wèi)星數(shù)據(jù)小組，CentreAval de Traitement des Données SMOS, CATDS，和西班牙巴塞羅那專家中心，Barcelona Expert Center, BEC）發(fā)布的兩套格網(wǎng)化產(chǎn)品數(shù)據(jù)進(jìn)行了詳細(xì)的對(duì)比分析，找出質(zhì)量差異并確定原因。由于SMOS衛(wèi)星升空時(shí)間不長(zhǎng)，因此對(duì)其衛(wèi)星數(shù)據(jù)進(jìn)行質(zhì)量評(píng)估、檢驗(yàn)和校正是非常有必要的。最終我們確認(rèn)CATDS第二版本的數(shù)據(jù)質(zhì)量精度更高，在后續(xù)工作中將采用這一數(shù)據(jù)集。 2.使用SMOS數(shù)據(jù)和Argo數(shù)據(jù)，并結(jié)合赤道太平洋長(zhǎng)時(shí)間序列的歷史實(shí)測(cè)數(shù)據(jù)，我們從全球海域到赤道印太海域等多尺度出發(fā)，對(duì)全球溫鹽從表層到2000m深層的垂直模態(tài)結(jié)構(gòu)進(jìn)行了系統(tǒng)的研究。最終發(fā)現(xiàn)近十年來(lái)（本研究使用數(shù)據(jù)集時(shí)間跨度范圍內(nèi)），全球變暖信號(hào)在海表層并不明顯，但在1000-2000m深層海域，尤其在局部海域如北大西洋和印太海域，海溫增暖現(xiàn)象十分顯著，海鹽濃度也有明顯升高。這也與目前全球變暖停滯以及由表層轉(zhuǎn)移至深層的命題相契合，值得持續(xù)做進(jìn)一步工作。 3.對(duì)全球海溫年周期無(wú)變柱現(xiàn)象的研究。海溫年周期無(wú)變柱是本研究首次提出的概念，是指某一個(gè)海溫年周期無(wú)變點(diǎn)在同一位置延伸至一定深度海域所形成的柱狀結(jié)構(gòu)。最終我們成功發(fā)現(xiàn)并精確定位了全球四個(gè)海溫年周期無(wú)變柱。考慮到理論上該位置不受季節(jié)性信號(hào)的影響，因此該研究將對(duì)觀察年際甚至年代際全球變暖現(xiàn)象提供科學(xué)幫助，比如指導(dǎo)浮標(biāo)投放的位置等。 本論文中，研究數(shù)據(jù)經(jīng)過(guò)篩選控制因而質(zhì)量得以保證，方法為成熟的分析方法，因此結(jié)論魯棒性較高，將會(huì)對(duì)全球變暖現(xiàn)象的認(rèn)識(shí)產(chǎn)生一定的推動(dòng)作用，且具有實(shí)用意義。但是考慮到數(shù)據(jù)集時(shí)間序列仍然較短，尤其是SMOS海鹽數(shù)據(jù)，這成為探索長(zhǎng)時(shí)間序列全球變暖趨勢(shì)的限制因素。因此該論文研究值得持續(xù)開(kāi)展，以后繼續(xù)深入研究。
[Abstract]:Global warming has become a focus climate problem for decades . The cause of global warming is manifold , among which the main factors can be divided into natural and human factors , including global periodic ice - warm periods and the emission of large amounts of greenhouse gases caused by human activities . Global warming will have an important impact on the human society , involving multiple aspects : from an eco - environment perspective , global warming will lead to an increase in the surface temperature of the earth , possibly causing the melting of polar glaciers , raising sea levels , causing catastrophic consequences for human settlements ;
In terms of socio - economic terms , although the warmer climate on the surface has the potential to increase crop yields , the unpredictable extreme weather phenomena caused by climate change are also enormous to crop yields , and changes in climate may lead to increased pest or infectious diseases , affecting social stability .

For many years , climatologists and marine scientists have done a great deal of research on global warming . They have studied the relationship between sea surface temperature , sea surface pressure , sea ice , etc . , and revealed many signals and effects of global warming . However , since the new century , most of the current work is concentrated on the sea surface and atmosphere , which makes the ocean salinity eventually realize remote sensing measurement . In the new century , the first soil moisture and ocean salinity ( SMOS ) satellite in the history of ESA launched the remote sensing measurement . This paper benefits from the rare historical opportunity , combines the SMOS satellite data and Argo data to explore the vertical change of the temperature salt parameter modal structure in the global warming background .

1 . Before using SMOS satellite data , the data of two sets of grid products published by SMOS Satellite Data Group , CentreAval de Traitement des Donn茅es SMOS , CATDS , and Barcelona Expert Center , Barcelona Expert Center , and the Barcelona Expert Center of SMOS satellite were analyzed in detail to find out the quality difference and determine the reason .

2 . Using SMOS data and Argo data , and combining the historical measured data of the equatorial Pacific for a long time , we systematically studied the vertical modal structure from the surface layer to the 2000m deep sea area from the global sea area to the equatorial Indo - Pacific region .

3 . The study on the phenomenon of non - variable column in the annual cycle of the global warming year is the first concept of this study in the annual cycle of the sea - temperature cycle , which refers to the columnar structure formed by a sea - temperature - year period in the same location to a certain depth . Finally , we have successfully discovered and accurately positioned the four global warming - year periods without a variable column . Considering that the position is not influenced by seasonal signals , the study will provide scientific help to the phenomenon of global warming in the interannual or even - decadal time , such as guiding the position of the buoy to be released .

In this paper , the research data has been screened and controlled so that the quality can be guaranteed and the method is a mature analysis method . Therefore , the conclusion is robust . It will give some impetus to the understanding of global warming phenomenon and has practical significance . However , considering that the data set time series is still relatively short , especially the SMOS sea salt data , this is a limiting factor to explore the trend of global warming for a long time .

【學(xué)位授予單位】：中國(guó)海洋大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級(jí)別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2014
【分類號(hào)】：P467;P731.1

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本文編號(hào)：1791361