本文選題：東海黑潮　切入點(diǎn)：月際變化　出處：《上海師范大學(xué)》2014年碩士論文　論文類型：學(xué)位論文

【摘要】：使用美國國家海洋大氣管理局(NOAA)發(fā)布的的年平均、月平均鹽度資料,結(jié)合美國國家地球物理數(shù)據(jù)中心(NGDC)發(fā)布的全球地形數(shù)據(jù),采用Matlab計(jì)算機(jī)數(shù)據(jù)插值處理,可視化等技術(shù)手段對東海黑潮整個(gè)流路的鹽度分布特征、琉球群島兩側(cè)水交換、外部淡水對東海黑潮西側(cè)水的入侵等方面進(jìn)行分析,主要得出以下結(jié)論： (1)在0～500m的海區(qū),大致可以分為三層,上層低鹽水,中層高鹽水和下層次高鹽水。從入口到出口上層低鹽水的變化是最明顯,最劇烈的,低鹽水主要分布在100米以淺的上層海區(qū),各斷面鹽度各月有著明顯的生消過程,存在三個(gè)階段：成長期,強(qiáng)盛期和消衰期。中層高鹽水各切面間的變化很明顯,但單一切面12個(gè)月之間的變化不是很明顯；下層次高鹽水各斷面各月的變化均不明顯。 (2)東海黑潮0～500m水域鹽度值存在差異：以各層平均值來描述其鹽度值分布狀況,各層均不低于33.8psu,各月均是在150m鹽度平均值達(dá)到最高,接近34.8psu；此外,150m以深海域鹽度各月平均值均隨深度增加而逐漸減少。但150m以深海水鹽度各月大小相近,幾乎不存在差別。 (3)東海黑潮區(qū)0～500m水域鹽度值的水平空間差異：l00m層以淺水層偏高鹽水主要分布在琉球群島西側(cè)甚至延伸到九州島西南部的大部分區(qū)域；其中自表層隨著深度增加偏高鹽水區(qū)域逐漸南撤,到l00m深處在九州島附近無分布;150m層開始隨深度增加偏高鹽水區(qū)域分布范圍不斷南撤東縮至琉球群島西側(cè)的東海黑潮主體東側(cè)狹長水域及臺灣東側(cè)海域；在400m以深,臺灣以東區(qū)域的偏高鹽區(qū)基本消失,主要分布在琉球群島西側(cè)的東海黑潮區(qū)東側(cè)區(qū)域；自6月至12月500m層的偏高鹽區(qū)除了琉球群島西側(cè)狹長海域外,在九州島西南海域也有分布。 (4)琉球群島兩側(cè)海流因地形因素而存在交換,500m以淺海水交換以琉球群島東側(cè)高鹽水對東海黑潮水的入侵為主。40～280m層均有高鹽水出現(xiàn),其中100～200m層是強(qiáng)度較大的一段水層,并且各月均是150m層強(qiáng)度最大,說明150m層是0～500m水域高鹽水入侵的核心。琉球群島東側(cè)高鹽水對東海黑潮的入侵在3、5、6、9、10、11月較強(qiáng),4、12月較弱。 (5)琉球群島東側(cè)高鹽水入侵東海黑潮主要通過5個(gè)不同水道,分別是與那國島以南的水道,與那國島-石垣島-宮古列島之間的水道,宮古海峽的水道,沖繩島-奄美大島之間的水道,奄美大島東側(cè)水道。自南向北各水道年入侵強(qiáng)度逐漸減弱,水道3、4年入侵強(qiáng)度變化趨勢相對來說相差不大,同時(shí)各月各水道的入侵也各有特色。各月總體過程線起伏較大,入侵強(qiáng)度差異明顯。 (6)外部淡水對東海黑潮的影響,可以從偏低鹽區(qū)范圍上看出：各月均是自表層至100m層范圍逐漸減小,在100m層甚至趨近于零；1、2、3月范圍隨深度的變化曲線相近,在表層范圍均低于500個(gè)網(wǎng)格,隨深度的增加范圍持續(xù)均勻減少,至100m層均趨于零；7、8、9、10月隨深度變化曲線也一致,在表層各月范圍均達(dá)到最大值,并且在40m以淺范圍變化不大,40m～90m則表現(xiàn)出較大的遞減趨勢；4、5、6月以及11、12月均表現(xiàn)出了明顯的過渡性,其中4—6月偏低鹽區(qū)范圍在70m以淺海域都是逐漸遞減率較大,70m以深遞減率減小；同時(shí)可以看出從4月至6月各層范圍逐漸增加,而11、12月則剛好相反,40m以淺區(qū)域遞減率較小,至40m以深水層遞減率較大。 (7)據(jù)淡水來源不同將整個(gè)東海黑潮西側(cè)偏低鹽區(qū)分為臺灣東側(cè)海域(F1)、經(jīng)緯度范圍在大約27。-300N,124。-1280E的黑潮海域(F2)、九州島西南側(cè)海域(F3)三區(qū)域,這三個(gè)區(qū)域具有與總體偏低鹽區(qū)相似的特征,各月均是自表層至l00m層淡水區(qū)范圍逐漸減小,1-3月淡水區(qū)范圍隨深度的變化曲線相近,7-10月也一致,4、5、6月以及11、12月呈現(xiàn)了兩個(gè)階段的過渡性;但三區(qū)域間也存在差異,F1、F3區(qū)域除了7～10月外,在6月表層鹽度也達(dá)到了最大值：F2區(qū)域1-3月自表層至100m層均無低鹽水的入侵,低鹽水入侵最強(qiáng)月份與最弱月份之間的量值差距很大：F3區(qū)域只有在5月、12月是過渡月,與總的淡水區(qū)相比,4月具有1-3月的部分特性,6月、11月具有7～10月的部分特性。
[Abstract]:The use of the National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration (NOAA) released the annual average of the monthly average salinity data, combined with the National Geophysical Data Center (NGDC) global terrain data released by Matlab interpolation, computer data processing technology, visualization of the flow path of the Kuroshio in the East China Sea salinity distribution, water exchange on both sides of the Ryukyu Islands the external invasion of freshwater, on the west side of the Kuroshio in the East China Sea water were analyzed, the main draw the following conclusions:
(1) in the 0 ~ 500m area can be roughly divided into three layers, the upper and middle low salinity, high salt level high saline. Changes from the entrance to the exit and the low saline is the most obvious, the most intense, low salinity water is mainly distributed in the shallow sea in the upper 100 meters, each section of the salinity April has obvious dissipation process, there are three stages: growth stage, mature stage and decay stage. Changes of middle high saline between each section is very obvious, but between the single section of 12 months is not obvious changes; changes under high levels of salt in each section of each month were not obvious.
(2) the Kuroshio in the East China Sea 0 ~ 500m water salinity differences: the average value of each layer to describe the salinity distribution of each layer is not less than 33.8psu, the month is 150m in average salinity reached the highest value, close to 34.8psu; in addition, 150m in deep sea salinity of the monthly average values were increased with depth decreased. But 150m in deep sea water salinity in each month of similar size, there is almost no difference.
(3) the region of the Kuroshio water salinity level 0 ~ space 500m values: l00m layer in the shallow layer of high saline is mainly distributed in the Ryukyu Islands on the west side even extends to most area southwest of Kyushu; with the increase of the depth from the surface in high saline region gradually from south to the depths of no l00m distribution in Kyushu Island; 150m began to increase with the depth of high saline area distribution of the continuous South East to the Ryukyu Islands on the west side of the shrinkage of the Kuroshio in the East China Sea east of the main and narrow waters east of Taiwan waters; in 400m, high salt region east of Taiwan region this disappeared, mainly distributed in the region of the Kuroshio region east of the Ryukyu Islands from June to the West; in December the 500m layer of the high salt area in addition to the Ryukyu Islands on the west side of narrow waters on the island of Kyushu, southwest area also has distribution.
(4) currents on both sides of Ryukyu Islands because of the terrain factors in exchange, 500m with shallow water exchange in the Ryukyu islands east of high salinity intrusion to the Kuroshio..40 ~ 280m layer has high salt water, of which 100 ~ 200m layer is a large aquifer strength, and each month is the strength of 150m layer is the largest. 150m layer is 0 ~ 500m high in the waters of the saltwater intrusion. The invasion of the Ryukyu Islands on the east side of the core high saline on the Kuroshio in the East China Sea is stronger in 3,5,6,9,10,11 months, 4,12 months is weak.
(5) the Ryukyu Islands high on the east side of the Kuroshio in the East China Sea salt water intrusion mainly through 5 different channels, respectively, and that the island country in the south of the waterway, and between the island - Ishigaki - Miyako Island Island waterway, Miyako Island Strait waterway between Okinawa Island - Amami Oshima waterway, Amami Oshima east side from the south to the north of the waterway. Water invasion intensity gradually weakened, channel 3,4 intrusion intensity change trend is relatively less, and the invasion of every month and waterways also have their own characteristics. The overall process of undulating, invasion intensity difference.
(6) the influence of external fresh water to the Kuroshio, as can be seen from the low salt area: each month are from the surface layer to the 100m layer in the 100m layer range decreases gradually, or even close to zero; curve with depth range 1,2,3 months is similar to that in the surface range were less than 500 mesh, with the increase of depth the range of uniform reduced to 100m layer tended to zero; 7,8,9,10 curve changes with depth is consistent and reached the maximum value at the surface of each month, and in the range of 40m with shallow little change, 40m ~ 90m showed a decreasing trend of larger; 4,5,6 months and 11,12 months showed obvious transition. 4 - June low salt area in the range of 70m in shallow waters are gradually decreasing rate is larger, 70m deep decline rate decreases; at the same time can be seen from April to June each layer increased gradually, and 11,12 is just on the contrary, 40m in shallow areas of decline rate is smaller The decline rate of 40m in deep water layer is larger.
(7) according to the different sources of freshwater in the Kuroshio in the East China Sea west of low salt is divided into east of Taiwan waters (F1), the latitude and longitude range at about 27.-300N 124.-1280E (F2), the Kuroshio waters southwest of Kyushu (F3) three regions, these three regions have similar characteristics and the overall low salt area, the the average monthly is from the surface to the l00m layer of fresh water area gradually decreases, curves of 1-3 months range of fresh water with depth is similar to that of 7-10 months, showing the two stages of the transitional 4,5,6 months and 11,12 months; but there are differences between the three regions, F1, F3 in 7~10 months, in June the surface salinity also reached the maximum value: the invasion of F2 region 1-3 months from the surface layer to the 100m layer were no low saline, low saline water intrusion and the weakest in the month between the strongest value gap: F3 area only in May, December is a transitional month, compared with the total freshwater area, April 1-3 The partial characteristics of the month, June, and November have some characteristics of 7~10 months.

【學(xué)位授予單位】：上海師范大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2014
【分類號】：P731.12

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