本文選題：滸苔　切入點(diǎn)：遺傳多樣性　出處：《暨南大學(xué)》2015年碩士論文　論文類型：學(xué)位論文

【摘要】：2007年~2013年,我國青島海域連續(xù)七年暴發(fā)大規(guī)模綠潮。特別是在2008年的夏天,青島暴發(fā)了世界上最大規(guī)模的綠潮,引起了嚴(yán)重的社會問題和海洋生態(tài)問題。綠潮的物種組成、種群遺傳結(jié)構(gòu)和遺傳多樣性的研究對查明綠潮暴發(fā)的原因,尋找合適的預(yù)防措施具有重要意義。為掌握青島綠潮的物種組成,了解綠潮種群的遺傳結(jié)構(gòu)和遺傳多樣性,本文于2013年6月19日在青島綠潮現(xiàn)場的21個(gè)站點(diǎn)收集了210個(gè)漂浮綠藻樣品,利用nr DNA ITS、rbc L和5S基因序列對采集到的樣品進(jìn)行了分子鑒定,進(jìn)一步利用自行開發(fā)的微衛(wèi)星(simple sequence repeat,SSR)引物,對滸苔(Ulva prolifera)的種群遺傳結(jié)構(gòu)和遺傳多樣性進(jìn)行了分析。nr DNA ITS和rbc L序列分析結(jié)果顯示,210個(gè)綠藻樣品全部為Ulva linza-procera-prolifera(LPP)復(fù)合體。5S序列的分析進(jìn)一步證實(shí),這些綠潮樣品均為滸苔,表明青島綠潮,至少2013年的綠潮,是由單一物種滸苔形成的�；跐G苔EST序列和ISSR引物,開發(fā)出8對滸苔微衛(wèi)星引物。SSR標(biāo)記共檢測到17個(gè)等位基因。SSR位點(diǎn)的觀察等位基因數(shù)為1~3個(gè),平均觀察等位基因數(shù)為2.125個(gè),有效等位基因?yàn)?.000~1.235,平均有效等位基因是1.160。Nei‘s基因多樣性(H)為0.000~0.189,平均值為0.064;香農(nóng)指數(shù)(I)為0.00~0.367,平均為0.133,這些結(jié)果提示青島綠潮滸苔種群的遺傳多樣性較低�？紤]到滸苔可行有性生殖、無性生殖和單性生殖等三種生殖方式,其中以無性生殖為最主要的方式,我們推測滸苔的生殖方式和對環(huán)境的高度適應(yīng)性,可能是其形成單一物種綠潮的原因;其較低的遺傳多樣性除了與生殖方式有關(guān)外,還可能與本文所用的微衛(wèi)星標(biāo)記引物的來源有關(guān)。研究結(jié)果可為闡明青島綠潮的形成與暴發(fā)機(jī)制、明確綠潮的來源提供參考和依據(jù)。
[Abstract]:From 2007 to 2013, there were seven consecutive years of large-scale green tides in Qingdao, China. Especially in the summer of 2008, Qingdao experienced the largest green tide in the world, causing serious social and marine ecological problems, and the species composition of the green tide. The study of population genetic structure and genetic diversity is of great significance in identifying the cause of green tide outbreak and finding appropriate preventive measures. In order to understand the species composition of green tide in Qingdao and to understand the genetic structure and genetic diversity of green tide population, In June 19th 2013, 210 samples of floating chlorophyta were collected from 21 sites of the Green Tide site in Qingdao. The samples were identified by using nr DNA ITSc L and 5S gene sequences. Further more, using self-developed primers for simple sequence repeats, The population genetic structure and genetic diversity of Ulva prolifera were analyzed. The results showed that all 210 samples of Chlorophyta were Ulva Linza-procera-prolifera LPP complex. The results showed that the green tide of Qingdao, at least 2013, was formed by a single species, Enteromorpha enteromorpha, based on EST sequence and ISSR primer. A total of 17 alleles. SSR loci were detected by 8 pairs of microsatellite primers. The number of observed alleles was 1 ~ 3, and the average number of observed alleles was 2. 125. The effective allele was 1.0000.235, the average effective allele was 1.160.Neis gene diversity (H) was 0.0000.1899 (mean 0.064), and the Shannon index (I) was 0.000.367with an average of 0.133.These results indicated that the genetic diversity of green tide Enteromorpha enteromorpha population in Qingdao was low, considering the possibility of sexual reproduction of Enteromorpha enteromorpha. Asexual reproduction and parthenogenesis, among which asexual reproduction is the most important way, we speculate that the reproductive mode of Enteromorpha margin and its high adaptability to the environment may be the cause of the green tide of a single species. The low genetic diversity may also be related to the origin of microsatellite marker primer used in this study. The results can be used to elucidate the mechanism of green tide formation and outbreak in Qingdao. Make clear the source of green tide to provide reference and basis.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：暨南大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2015
【分類號】：X55;Q943

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本文編號：1638664