本文選題：數(shù)值模擬　切入點(diǎn)：SELFE　出處：《中國(guó)海洋大學(xué)》2014年碩士論文　論文類型：學(xué)位論文

【摘要】：隨著海洋開發(fā)與海洋運(yùn)輸能力的不斷提高，溢油事故發(fā)生的頻率也不斷加大。因此,如何準(zhǔn)確地對(duì)溢油行為與歸宿進(jìn)行數(shù)值模擬已經(jīng)成為了一個(gè)重要的研究方向。其中，流場(chǎng)模擬的準(zhǔn)確性是做好溢油行為與歸宿模擬工作的重要環(huán)境動(dòng)力因素。本文介紹一個(gè)海洋環(huán)流模型SELFE，該模型基于非結(jié)構(gòu)化網(wǎng)格，采用半隱半顯歐拉-拉格朗日有限元算法求解納維-斯托克斯方程組。該模型最大的特點(diǎn)是沒有CFL穩(wěn)定性條件的約束，這就意味著在保證模擬結(jié)果準(zhǔn)確的前提下可以設(shè)置較大的時(shí)間步長(zhǎng)，從而達(dá)到計(jì)算精度和計(jì)算效率的雙贏。本文應(yīng)用SELFE模型對(duì)渤黃海附近海域進(jìn)行潮汐潮流數(shù)值模擬，通過將調(diào)和常數(shù)、流速流向以及水位的模擬結(jié)果同本文掌握的實(shí)測(cè)資料進(jìn)行對(duì)比分析來驗(yàn)證了SELFE模型具有良好的可靠性。并基于SELFE模型建立了一個(gè)海上溢油數(shù)值模型，本文采用的溢油數(shù)值模型模擬的過程包括擴(kuò)展過程、漂移過程、以及風(fēng)化過程中的蒸發(fā)過程、分散過程、乳化過程、岸線吸附的過程。 首先，對(duì)溢油模型進(jìn)行可靠性驗(yàn)證。通過對(duì)大連“716”事故進(jìn)行數(shù)值模擬的結(jié)果可以看到，在溢油發(fā)生后72小時(shí)，大量的油污擴(kuò)散到了大連灣灣內(nèi)以及大窯灣和小窯灣附近海域，這與本文掌握的實(shí)際衛(wèi)星資料具有較好地吻合，驗(yàn)證了基于SELFE的海上溢油數(shù)值模型具有良好的可靠性。 其次，應(yīng)用該模型對(duì)黃島“1122”事故進(jìn)行數(shù)值模擬。通過模擬結(jié)果可以看到，可以看到在溢油發(fā)生后50小時(shí)，，有大量的油污聚集在膠州灣口、團(tuán)島至黃島這一側(cè)的膠州灣內(nèi)側(cè)海域，在團(tuán)島至浮山灣附近海域也有少量油膜分布，這與有關(guān)海事部門檢測(cè)的實(shí)際結(jié)果較好地吻合。并且對(duì)溢油的蒸發(fā)率、乳化含水率、海表面溢油殘留率以及岸線吸附率進(jìn)行了分析，對(duì)海上溢油預(yù)警預(yù)報(bào)具有一定的參考價(jià)值。 最后，應(yīng)用該模型對(duì)“419”老鐵山水道溢油事故進(jìn)行溯源模擬。模擬結(jié)果與實(shí)際資料顯示的溢油來源的誤差有3.5km，說明了基于SELFE的海上溢油數(shù)值模型對(duì)海上溢油事故的責(zé)任追究以及溢油事故的應(yīng)急具有一定的參考價(jià)值。
[Abstract]:With the development of marine and marine transportation ability to continuously improve the oil spill accident frequency is increasing. Therefore, how to accurately on the behavior and fate of oil spill numerical simulation has become an important research direction. The accuracy of numerical simulation is an important dynamic factor of oil spill to environmental behavior and fate simulation. This paper introduces an ocean circulation model SELFE, the model based on the unstructured grid, using semi implicit semi explicit Euler Lagrange finite element algorithm for solving the Navier Stokes equations. This model is characteristic of no CFL stability condition, which means to ensure accurate simulation results under the premise can be set the larger time step, so as to achieve a win-win calculation accuracy and efficiency. This paper applied the SELFE model to simulate the tidal current of the Yellow Sea Bohai Sea near the numerical, pass The simulation results of the harmonic constant, flow velocity and water level with the measured data were analyzed to verify the SELFE model has good reliability. Based on the SELFE model established a numerical model of an offshore oil spill, the oil spill process numerical model to simulate the drift process, including the expansion process, evaporation in the process of weathering process, and dispersion, emulsification process, adsorption process of shoreline.
First of all, to verify the reliability of the oil spill model. Through the numerical simulation of the Dalian "716" accident results can be seen in the oil spill occurred after 72 hours, a large amount of oil diffusion into the Gulf of Dalian and nearby the Dayao Bay and small kiln bay, and the actual satellite data in this paper have good agreement with and verify the SELFE oil spill numerical model has good reliability based on.
Secondly, the model is applied to numerical simulation of Huangdao "1122" accident. The simulation results can be seen through, can be seen in the oil spill occurred after 50 hours, there is a large amount of oil accumulation in Jiaozhou Bay, Huangdao to the side of the Tuandao inside waters of Jiaozhou Bay, in the waters near Tuandao to Fushan Bay also has a small amount of oil distribution the actual results of this film, and the maritime sector detection well. And the oil spill evaporation rate, water content of emulsion, the sea surface oil spill residue rate and shoreline adsorption rate were analyzed to oil spill forecast has a certain reference value.
Finally, this model was applied to simulate the origin of "419" oil spill accident LaoTieShan channel. 3.5km error sources of oil spill simulation results and actual data shows, the SELFE oil spill numerical model of marine oil spill accidents responsibility and emergency accidents of oil spill based on which has a certain reference value.

【學(xué)位授予單位】：中國(guó)海洋大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級(jí)別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2014
【分類號(hào)】：X55

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