本文選題：茅尾海　切入點：海水水質　出處：《廣西師范學院》2015年碩士論文　論文類型：學位論文

【摘要】：隨著人類對海洋的開發(fā)利用與研究的深入,人為活動對海水環(huán)境的影響研究,越來越受到廣泛關注,成為可持續(xù)發(fā)展研究中的熱點話題,也是海洋環(huán)境科學的重要研究命題之一。國家大力推進實施的海洋戰(zhàn)略帶來了新一輪的對近岸海域、海陸過渡帶開發(fā)建設的熱潮。同時,人為活動的顯著增強,為近海環(huán)境埋下了隱患,生態(tài)環(huán)境壓力增大,近海環(huán)境遭到污染,無一不顯示了近海環(huán)境質量存在惡化的趨勢。故此,展開海水環(huán)境質量變化與人為活動的響應研究,進行二者的相關性評價,加強對近海環(huán)境的修復和保護,對可持續(xù)發(fā)展顯得非常重要。同時也對沿海地區(qū)的資源合理利用和社會經濟的可持續(xù)發(fā)展有著重要的指導意義和參考價值。本研究基于茅尾海及其周邊海域的自然環(huán)境條件,選取2002年~2012年海洋監(jiān)測數(shù)據,選取多指標對該海域內的水環(huán)境質量進行分析,同時對近年不同方面的人為活動污染變化趨勢進行分析,再通過主成分分析篩選,選擇最具有代表性的人為活動因子與水環(huán)境質量因子進行多元線性回歸分析,得出人為活動與海水環(huán)境質量的多元線性回歸方程,同時將茅尾海與周邊欽州灣海域的分析結果進行對比。由此得出,人為活動是茅尾海及其周邊海域海水環(huán)境質量發(fā)生變化的重要原因,且人為活動活躍度呈現(xiàn)逐年上升的趨勢。影響海水環(huán)境質量的因素主要包括人為活動直接導致的排污量增加和社會經濟發(fā)展與人口增加的間接影響兩方面,其中農業(yè)生產活動與港口船舶污染等方面影響最大,內灣茅尾海水質主要受海水養(yǎng)殖、河流排污的影響,其周邊欽州灣沿岸海域則主要受港口排污、經濟發(fā)展方面的影響。在茅尾海海域,若其他條件不變,每增加一噸河流入海污染物排放,溶解氧值下降0.029;海水養(yǎng)殖污染物每增加一噸排放,化學需氧量COD上升0.2;每增加一萬人地區(qū)人口,pH值指數(shù)下降0.14;每增加一萬噸船舶污水入海量,無機氮值則會上升0.025;每增加一噸海水養(yǎng)殖污染物的排放量,海水綜合指數(shù)就會上升1.044,每增加一噸入海河流攜帶的污染物,海水綜合指數(shù)則上升0.107。在欽州灣沿岸海域,若其他條件不變時,每增加一萬噸船舶廢水排放,溶解氧值減少0.28;地區(qū)總人口每增加一萬人,化學需氧量COD增加0.007,pH值指數(shù)下降0.44;每增加一噸入海河流攜帶污染物入海量,無機氮值上升0.009。每增加一萬人地區(qū)人口,欽州灣海水綜合指數(shù)上升0.039,每排放一萬噸船舶廢水污染物入海,海水綜合指數(shù)上升0.015。最后,針對研究分析結果與茅尾海及其周邊海域海水水質現(xiàn)狀提出其存在的問題、隱患,以及預防、控制該海域海水環(huán)境污染的發(fā)展對策建議。
[Abstract]:With the development, utilization and research of the ocean, more and more attention has been paid to the impact of human activities on the marine environment, which has become a hot topic in the study of sustainable development. It is also one of the important research propositions in marine environmental science. The ocean strategy that the state has vigorously promoted has brought about a new upsurge in the development and construction of coastal waters and transitional zones. At the same time, man-made activities have increased significantly. The hidden danger is buried for the offshore environment, the ecological environment pressure is increased, and the offshore environment is polluted, all of them show the tendency of the deterioration of the offshore environment quality. Therefore, the research on the response of the seawater environment quality change and the human activities is carried out. To evaluate the correlation between the two and to strengthen the restoration and protection of the offshore environment, It is very important for sustainable development, and also has important guiding significance and reference value for the rational utilization of resources and the sustainable development of social economy in coastal areas. This study is based on the natural environment conditions of Maowei Sea and its surrounding sea areas. The marine monitoring data from 2002 to 2012 were selected to analyze the quality of water environment in the sea area, and the trend of anthropogenic pollution in different aspects in recent years was analyzed, and then the principal component analysis was used to screen the water environment quality. The multivariate linear regression analysis between the most representative factors of human activity and water environmental quality was carried out, and the multivariate linear regression equation of artificial activity and seawater environmental quality was obtained. At the same time, the analysis results of Maowei Sea and surrounding Qinzhou Bay are compared. From this, it is concluded that human activities are an important reason for the change of marine environment quality in Maowei Sea and its surrounding waters. And the activity of human activities is increasing year by year. The factors that affect the quality of seawater environment mainly include the increase of sewage discharge caused directly by human activities and the indirect effects of social and economic development and population increase. Among them, agricultural production activities and port ship pollution have the greatest impact. The water quality of Maowei Sea in Inner Bay is mainly affected by mariculture and river sewage, while the surrounding coastal waters of Qinzhou Bay are mainly polluted by ports. Impact on economic development. In the Maowei Sea area, for every additional ton of pollutants discharged into the sea by a ton of rivers, the dissolved oxygen value decreases by 0.029; for each additional ton of pollutants discharged from mariculture, Chemical oxygen demand (COD) increased by 0.2; for every additional population of 10,000 people, the pH value index decreased by 0.14; for every 10,000 tons of ship sewage, the inorganic nitrogen value increased by 0.025; and for each additional ton of marine aquaculture pollutants, The sea water composite index will rise by 1.044. For every ton of pollutants carried by rivers entering the sea, the sea water composite index will rise by 0.107. In the coastal waters of Qinzhou Bay, every 10,000 tons of ships' waste water will be discharged if other conditions remain unchanged. The dissolved oxygen value decreased by 0.28; for each increase in the total population of the region by 10,000 people, the chemical oxygen demand (COD) increased by 0.007 and the pH value index decreased by 0.44; for each additional ton of rivers entering the sea, the inorganic nitrogen value increased by 0.009 per ton, and the inorganic nitrogen value increased by 0.009.Every time the population of the region increased by 10,000 people, The comprehensive index of seawater in Qinzhou Bay increases by 0.039, and the comprehensive index of sea water increases by 0.015 for every 10,000 tons of ship wastewater pollutants discharged into the sea. Finally, according to the results of the study and the present situation of seawater quality in Maowei Sea and its surrounding sea area, the existing problems and hidden dangers are put forward. And the countermeasures to prevent and control the pollution of sea water environment in the sea area.
【學位授予單位】：廣西師范學院
【學位級別】：碩士
【學位授予年份】：2015
【分類號】：X55

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相關期刊論文 前1條

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本文編號：1585454