本文關(guān)鍵詞： 水動(dòng)力環(huán)境 數(shù)模研究 岸灘沖淤 修復(fù)方案　出處：《中國(guó)海洋大學(xué)》2015年碩士論文　論文類型：學(xué)位論文

【摘要】：在過(guò)去的十年里,伴隨著我國(guó)經(jīng)濟(jì)的迅速發(fā)展,在沿海地區(qū)的用海需求量急劇增加,截至目前,我國(guó)圍�？偯娣e已超過(guò)十萬(wàn)公頃。圍填�；顒�(dòng)拉升地方經(jīng)濟(jì)的力量不容小視,然而一系列環(huán)境問(wèn)題也接踵而至,比如圍填海工程改變了原有的海洋動(dòng)力環(huán)境,對(duì)海洋的其他功能也會(huì)造成影響,我們值得深入研究和探討的。圍填海工程對(duì)環(huán)境的主要影響是：使海灣面積減小,海灣納潮量縮減,整體水動(dòng)力環(huán)境改變。這些都會(huì)改變海灣泥沙沖淤環(huán)境,產(chǎn)生新的泥沙沖刷、淤積問(wèn)題,進(jìn)而改變海灣原有的基本功能。威海中心漁港為適應(yīng)漁業(yè)經(jīng)濟(jì)快速發(fā)展的需求,于2006年在葡萄灘灣灣口建立了1320米的引堤,借以保障漁船免受外海風(fēng)浪襲擊。圍海工程實(shí)施前的研究論證認(rèn)為,灣口引堤的修建可以有效地減小海浪的入射,令外海泥沙無(wú)法進(jìn)入灣內(nèi),不會(huì)使葡萄灘灣受到泥沙沖淤的影響,而原有水深地形也不會(huì)因此遭到改變。但是自2009年來(lái),即威海中心漁港圍海工程完成后的兩年內(nèi),葡萄灘灣的西側(cè)內(nèi)灣出現(xiàn)嚴(yán)重的泥沙淤積問(wèn)題,而葡萄灘灣東側(cè)高質(zhì)量的海水浴場(chǎng)沙灘遭到了較為嚴(yán)重的沖刷。本文主要采用數(shù)值模擬與數(shù)據(jù)分析相結(jié)合的方式,由模擬結(jié)果分析了威海中心漁港圍海工程建設(shè)前后水動(dòng)力環(huán)境的變化和沖淤環(huán)境的變化,研究了圍海工程前后葡萄灘灣水動(dòng)力環(huán)境的差異。主要發(fā)現(xiàn)：(1)威海中心漁港圍海工程,有效地減小了外海波浪的入射,使得葡萄灘灣灣內(nèi)海浪波高減小；(2)威海中心漁港圍海工程改變了葡萄灘灣內(nèi)的潮流運(yùn)動(dòng)規(guī)律,使得潮流場(chǎng)顯著減弱,水動(dòng)力條件明顯弱化；(3)威海中心漁港圍海工程后,葡萄灘灣西側(cè)海域發(fā)生大規(guī)模泥沙淤積問(wèn)題,并不是外海泥沙輸入的結(jié)果,而是由于圍海工程造成灣內(nèi)水動(dòng)力環(huán)境的改變,從而引起了灣內(nèi)泥沙搬運(yùn)的結(jié)果。本研究可為葡萄灘灣的整治工作提供建議,也對(duì)類似圍填海項(xiàng)目的論證工作具有重要的借鑒意義,對(duì)于圍海工程泥沙沖淤的研究不僅要考慮外海泥沙輸入輸出問(wèn)題,還要重點(diǎn)考慮圍填海工程造成海灣水動(dòng)力環(huán)境的變化,從而造成海灣內(nèi)部泥沙搬運(yùn)問(wèn)題。
[Abstract]:In the past decade, with the rapid economic development of our country, the demand for sea use in the coastal areas has increased sharply. Up to now, the total area of the reclaimed sea in our country has exceeded 100,000 hectares. The strength of the reclamation activities to boost the local economy should not be underestimated. However, a series of environmental problems followed. For example, the reclamation project changed the original marine dynamic environment and had an impact on other functions of the ocean. The main impact of reclamations on the environment is to reduce the area of the bay, reduce the amount of tidal water in the bay, and change the overall hydrodynamic environment. All these will change the environment of sediment erosion and siltation in the bay. In order to meet the rapid development of fishery economy, Weihai Central Fishery Port set up a 1320m diversion embankment at the mouth of Grape Beach Bay in 2006 to meet the needs of the rapid development of fishery economy. Before the construction of the reclamation project, it was concluded that the construction of the inlet embankment could effectively reduce the incidence of the waves and prevent the silt from entering the bay. The Grape Beach Bay will not be affected by sediment and silt, nor will the original depth of water be changed. But since 2009, two years after the completion of the Weihai central fishing port, There is serious siltation problem in the west inner bay of Grape Beach Bay, while the high quality beach beach on the east side of Grape Beach Bay has been washed away seriously. This paper mainly adopts the method of combining numerical simulation with data analysis. Based on the simulation results, the changes of hydrodynamic environment and scour environment before and after the construction of Weihai central fishing port are analyzed, and the differences between the hydrodynamic environment of Grape Beach Bay before and after the reclamation project are studied. The incident of the waves in the open sea is reduced effectively, and the wave height in the Grape Beach Bay is reduced. (2) the Weihai Central Fishery Project changes the law of tidal current movement in the Grape Beach Bay, and makes the tidal current field weaken significantly. The hydrodynamic condition of Weihai central fishing port is obviously weakened. After the reclamation project of Weihai central fishing port, the problem of massive sediment deposition in the west of Grape Beach Bay is not the result of the sediment input from the open sea, but because of the change of hydrodynamic environment in the bay caused by the reclamation project. This study can provide suggestions for the regulation of Grape Beach Bay, and also have important reference significance for the demonstration work of similar reclamation projects. For the study of sediment scouring and siltation in the reclamation project, not only the input and output of sediment in the outer sea should be considered, but also the change of hydrodynamic environment in the bay caused by the reclamation project should be taken into account, thus causing the problem of sediment transport in the bay.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：中國(guó)海洋大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級(jí)別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2015
【分類號(hào)】：P737.1

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