本文關(guān)鍵詞： 顆粒有機(jī)物 浮游生物 碳 氮穩(wěn)定同位素 長(zhǎng)江沖淡水 黃海冷水團(tuán)　出處：《中國(guó)海洋大學(xué)》2015年碩士論文　論文類(lèi)型：學(xué)位論文

【摘要】：海洋生態(tài)系統(tǒng)中有機(jī)物的來(lái)源及分布是海洋生態(tài)系統(tǒng)食物網(wǎng)研究中的重要內(nèi)容,穩(wěn)定同位素的方法是此領(lǐng)域近年來(lái)新興的研究方法。碳、氮穩(wěn)定同位素的分餾作用發(fā)生在有機(jī)物生物地球化學(xué)過(guò)程中,可以揭示有機(jī)物的來(lái)源、消費(fèi)者的食物組成以及各生物在食物網(wǎng)中所處的營(yíng)養(yǎng)級(jí),已廣泛應(yīng)用于全球生物地球化學(xué)研究中,為海洋生態(tài)系統(tǒng)的研究提供了非常有價(jià)值的信息。本研究通過(guò)分析2013年夏季南黃海123。E和124。E斷面上所采集的顆粒有機(jī)物及浮游生物碳、氮穩(wěn)定同位素的組成,探討了夏季南黃海研究海域的主要水文特征(黃海冷水團(tuán)和長(zhǎng)江沖淡水)對(duì)水體中顆粒有機(jī)物及浮游生物碳、氮穩(wěn)定同位素空間分布的影響;并通過(guò)水體中顆粒有機(jī)物碳、氮穩(wěn)定同位素組成的差異分析水體中顆粒有機(jī)碳、氮的來(lái)源,以揭示南黃海海域生態(tài)系統(tǒng)的特征以及物質(zhì)的輸送與傳遞特征。獲得的主要結(jié)果與結(jié)論如下：(1)對(duì)123。E和124。E斷面上顆粒有機(jī)物碳、氮含量及其穩(wěn)定同位素組成的空間分布情況表明,夏季研究區(qū)域不同水層的顆粒有機(jī)物主要受初級(jí)生產(chǎn)過(guò)程、沉積物再懸浮作用、有機(jī)物的分解和礦化作用以及生物的同化吸收作用的影響。(2)南部水域,長(zhǎng)江沖淡水主要對(duì)33.5。N以南區(qū)域的表層水體產(chǎn)生影響。對(duì)比不同水層之間顆粒有機(jī)物δ13CPOC的差異性,可以發(fā)現(xiàn)水體中不同水層顆粒有機(jī)碳的來(lái)源不同。表層水體中顆粒有機(jī)碳來(lái)源為海洋浮游植物,而其他水層的顆粒有機(jī)碳則主要來(lái)自于底層沉積物的再懸浮作用；分析顆粒有機(jī)物δ15NPN,結(jié)果表明上層水體中的顆粒氮主要受生物同化吸收作用的影響；下層水體中顆粒氮?jiǎng)t主要由含氮有機(jī)物的礦化分解產(chǎn)生。(3)黃海冷水團(tuán)的主要影響范圍是北部研究水域的下層水體。比較黃海冷水團(tuán)水域不同水層之間顆粒有機(jī)物δ13CPOC的差異性,發(fā)現(xiàn)黃海冷水團(tuán)水域垂直方向上顆粒有機(jī)碳的組成不同,30 m水深以上的水體的顆粒有機(jī)碳來(lái)自海洋自身產(chǎn)生的有機(jī)碎屑(浮游生物及其排泄物和殘骸),而底層水體的顆粒有機(jī)碳則為底層沉積物再懸浮產(chǎn)生的有機(jī)物及其分解產(chǎn)物。與南部水域底層水體顆粒有機(jī)物δ13CPOC之間存在的顯著性差異(p0.01),一定程度上反映了陸源物質(zhì)的運(yùn)移,南部水域沉積物主要為長(zhǎng)江物質(zhì),而冷水團(tuán)水域表層沉積物主要為黃河物質(zhì)。水體中顆粒有機(jī)物δ15NPN值隨水深的增加而降低,其來(lái)源主要為有機(jī)物的分解和礦化。(4)不同浮游生物網(wǎng)所采集浮游生物的碳、氮穩(wěn)定同位素分布規(guī)律表明,初級(jí)生產(chǎn)過(guò)程和浮游動(dòng)物豐度是影響其分布的兩個(gè)因素。小型浮游生物網(wǎng)所采集的浮游植物δ13C值隨浮游植物豐度的增大而升高；而大、中型浮游生物網(wǎng)所采集的浮游動(dòng)物δ13C隨浮游動(dòng)物豐度增大而升高。比較三種浮游生物網(wǎng)采集浮游生物δ15N值,表明三種網(wǎng)所采浮游生物均包含浮游植物和浮游動(dòng)物,其中小型浮游生物網(wǎng)采集的浮游植物比重較大,而大型浮游生物網(wǎng)采集的浮游動(dòng)物所占比重較大。
[Abstract]:The source and distribution of organic matter in marine ecosystems is an important content in the study of marine ecosystem food webs and method of stable isotopes is a new research methods in this field in recent years. Carbon and nitrogen stable isotope fractionation occurred in the organic biogeochemistry process, sources can reveal the organic food consumers. The composition and the organisms in the food web nutrition level, has been widely used in global biogeochemical studies, provide valuable information for the study of marine ecological system. Through the analysis of particulate organic carbon and plankton collected in South Yellow Sea in summer 2013 123.E and 124.E section, composed of stable nitrogen isotope, discusses the main hydrological characteristics in the Southern Yellow Sea in summer in the study area (the Yellow Sea cold water mass and the Changjiang River) of water in particulate organic matter and plankton carbon Effect of nitrogen isotope space, stable distribution; and through the water in particulate organic carbon, different nitrogen stable isotope composition analysis of particulate organic carbon in water, nitrogen sources, in order to reveal the characteristics of conveying and transfer characteristics of the South Yellow Sea ecosystem as well as the material. The main results and conclusions are as follows: (1) to 123.E section 124.E and particulate organic carbon, showed that the spatial distribution of nitrogen content and stable isotopic compositions of particulate organic matter, the area in different water layers is mainly affected by the primary production processes, sediment resuspension, the influence of organic matter decomposition and mineralization and biological assimilation effect. (2) the southern waters. The Changjiang River is mainly the 33.5.N effect to the south area of the surface water. The difference between different layers of particulate organic matter in Delta 13CPOC, can be found in different layers of particles in water The source of organic carbon in surface waters. Different particulate organic carbon source for phytoplankton, particulate organic carbon and other aquifers are mainly from the bottom sediment resuspension; analysis of particulate organic matter in Delta 15NPN, the result shows that the influence of particulate nitrogen in the upper water column is mainly affected by the biological effects of particulate nitrogen assimilation; lower water it is mainly composed of organic compounds containing nitrogen mineralization. (3) the main influence range of the Yellow Sea cold water mass in the north of the waters of the bottom water. The differences between the different layers of water of the Yellow Sea cold water mass of particulate organic matter in Delta 13CPOC, found that the vertical direction of the Yellow Sea cold water mass composition of particulate organic carbon, organic detrital particulate organic carbon in 30 m water depth above the water from the ocean itself (plankton and their excrement and debris), and particulate organic carbon in the bottom water is bottom The organic layer of sediment resuspension generated and its decomposition products. And between the southern waters of the bottom water of particulate organic matter in 5 13CPOC significant difference (P0.01), to a certain extent reflects the migration of terrigenous matter, southern waters sediments mainly in the Yangtze River, and surface sediments from the cold water mass of the Yellow River as the main material of water. In particulate organic matter 15NPN values decreased with the increase of water depth, the main source of organic matter decomposition and mineralization. (4) different plankton net collected phytoplankton showed stable isotope distribution of carbon, nitrogen, and planktonic primary production process of animal abundance are two factors affecting the distribution of small plankton net. The phytoplankton collected 13C values with the increase of phytoplankton abundance increased; while the large, medium-sized plankton net collected zooplankton abundance of planktonic animal animal with delta 13C increases. The delta 15N values of plankton collected from three kinds of plankton net were compared. The results showed that plankton collected from three nets contained phytoplankton and zooplankton. The proportion of phytoplankton collected from small plankton network was larger than that of plankton.

【學(xué)位授予單位】：中國(guó)海洋大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級(jí)別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2015
【分類(lèi)號(hào)】：Q178.53

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