本文關(guān)鍵詞： 石油降解菌 生物修復(fù) 篩選 固定化　出處：《大連海事大學(xué)》2015年碩士論文　論文類型：學(xué)位論文

【摘要】：隨著石油的開(kāi)采、運(yùn)輸和儲(chǔ)存,石油污染已經(jīng)成為嚴(yán)重的環(huán)境問(wèn)題,特別是對(duì)海洋環(huán)境危害巨大。目前為止,已經(jīng)發(fā)生多起泄漏量巨大的溢油事故,給海洋環(huán)境造成嚴(yán)重危害。常用的治理石油污染的方法為物理方法、化學(xué)方法和生物方法。其中,生物修復(fù)由于具有費(fèi)用低、效果好、無(wú)二次污染的特點(diǎn)而擁有廣闊的應(yīng)用前景。本文的研究目的是從大連港表層海水中篩選出石油降解菌,并研究其降解特性。主要的研究結(jié)果如下：(1)從大連港表層海水中分離篩選得到了有石油降解效果的菌株14株,選擇其中兩株優(yōu)勢(shì)菌(HD-1、HD-2)做進(jìn)一步的研究；(2)通過(guò)16SrDNA方法得出HD-1為廈門棲東海菌,HD-2屬于假單胞交替菌屬；(3)在22℃、120r/min的條件下,Donghicola sp.HD-1和Pseudoalteromonas sp.HD-2菌株對(duì)0#柴油7日降解率分別達(dá)到79.6%和41.2%。(4)在22℃、120r/min的條件下培養(yǎng)7天,經(jīng)氣相色譜分析可知,Donghicola sp.HD-1和Pseudoalteromonas sp.HD-2對(duì)正構(gòu)烷烴組分的降解率分別為84.4%和39.6%。其中,Donghicola sp.HD-1對(duì)C11降解率最高,為90.9%；對(duì)C25降解率最低,為73.3%。Pseudoalteromonas sp.HD-2對(duì)C11降解率最高,為73.8%,對(duì)C2s的降解率最低,為27.7%。(5)用吸附固定化方法進(jìn)行固定化實(shí)驗(yàn)。采用麥飯石和孔質(zhì)砂固定混合菌液后,對(duì)培養(yǎng)液中柴油的去除率都明顯高于未固定化的菌液的去除率,其中麥飯石固定化菌的去除率最高達(dá)98%。
[Abstract]:With the exploitation, transportation and storage of oil, oil pollution has become a serious environmental problem, especially to the marine environment. So far, there have been many oil spill accidents. The commonly used methods to control oil pollution are physical methods, chemical methods and biological methods. Among them, bioremediation is effective because of its low cost. The purpose of this paper is to screen petroleum degrading bacteria from the surface water of Dalian Port. The main results are as follows: 1) 14 strains with petroleum degradation were isolated from the surface water of Dalian Port, and two of them were selected as dominant bacteria (HD-1). HD-2) to do further research; (2) by 16s rDNA method, HD-1 was identified as the pseudomonas alternans of Hedonghai, Xiamen. (3) at 22 鈩，

本文編號(hào)：1442406