本文關(guān)鍵詞：深海諧振式直線型壓電驅(qū)動器的設(shè)計與實驗研究　出處：《哈爾濱工業(yè)大學》2016年碩士論文　論文類型：學位論文

  更多相關(guān)文章： 壓電驅(qū)動器 有限元方法 濕模態(tài)分析 阻抗特性

【摘要】：海洋因其豐富的礦產(chǎn)資源和生物資源,逐漸成為海洋工程和科學考察的重要對象。然而,深海環(huán)境極端惡劣,對深海驅(qū)動器的環(huán)境適應性、可靠性等提出了很高的要求�，F(xiàn)有的深海電機、深水液壓系統(tǒng)大多采用壓力平衡方案,增加零部件數(shù)量、體積和重量,降低可靠性。諧振式壓電驅(qū)動器是利用壓電材料的逆壓電效應將電能轉(zhuǎn)換為機械能的新型驅(qū)動器,具有結(jié)構(gòu)簡單、設(shè)計靈活、低速大力矩(推力)、功率密度高、定位精度高、響應速度快、斷電自鎖等優(yōu)點。本文將諧振式壓電驅(qū)動器以開放狀態(tài)服役于深海;無需對壓電驅(qū)動器整體進行隔壓密封,而是直接裝配在執(zhí)行機構(gòu)上,通電激勵后產(chǎn)生直線驅(qū)動動作;對電氣接口部分只需進行簡單可靠的靜態(tài)密封,從而省略耐壓艙、動密封環(huán)節(jié)、壓力平衡環(huán)節(jié)及傳動機構(gòu)。本文中利用平板內(nèi)的擴張模態(tài),通過不對稱激勵,設(shè)計出一種單一模態(tài)的直線型壓電驅(qū)動器。對該種振動模式的驅(qū)動原理進行了分析,并建立了壓電振子的等效電學模型。使用有限元方法,對壓電振子進行結(jié)構(gòu)優(yōu)化設(shè)計。建立封裝前、封裝后、浸沒在水中三種壓電振子的有限元模型,通過模態(tài)分析和瞬態(tài)分析,研究了封裝膠層和水對壓電振子振動特性的影響規(guī)律。對壓電驅(qū)動器進行整體結(jié)構(gòu)設(shè)計,制作出了實驗樣機;搭建出了深海高壓環(huán)境模擬系統(tǒng);通過阻抗分析儀測試了壓電驅(qū)動器分別在未封裝時、封裝后和浸沒于水中時的阻抗特性,并對壓電驅(qū)動器的機電耦合特性進行了研究;最后設(shè)計實驗方案對處于空氣中與水中的壓電驅(qū)動器的機械特性做了測試。
[Abstract]:Because of its rich mineral resources and biological resources, the ocean has gradually become an important object of marine engineering and scientific exploration. Most of the existing deep-sea motors and deep-water hydraulic systems adopt the pressure balance scheme to increase the number, volume and weight of parts. The resonant piezoelectric actuator is a new type of actuator which converts electrical energy into mechanical energy by using the inverse piezoelectric effect of piezoelectric material. It has simple structure, flexible design, low speed and large torque (thrust). It has the advantages of high power density, high positioning accuracy, fast response speed and self-locking. In this paper, the resonant piezoelectric actuator is used in the deep sea in an open state. It is not necessary to seal the piezoelectric actuator as a whole, but is directly assembled on the actuator, and the linear driving action is generated after the electric excitation. For the electrical interface only simple and reliable static seal is needed to omit the pressure chamber the dynamic seal link the pressure balance link and the transmission mechanism. In this paper the expansion mode in the flat plate is used through asymmetric excitation. A single mode linear piezoelectric actuator is designed. The driving principle of the vibration mode is analyzed and the equivalent electrical model of the piezoelectric oscillator is established. The finite element method is used. The finite element model of three kinds of piezoelectric vibrators immersed in water before and after packaging was established. Modal analysis and transient analysis were carried out. The influence of encapsulation layer and water on the vibration characteristics of piezoelectric vibrator is studied. The whole structure of piezoelectric actuator is designed and the experimental prototype is made. The simulation system of deep-sea high-pressure environment is built. The impedance characteristics of piezoelectric actuators after encapsulation and immersion in water were measured by impedance analyzer, and the electromechanical coupling characteristics of piezoelectric actuators were studied. Finally, the experimental scheme is designed to test the mechanical characteristics of piezoelectric actuators in air and water.
【學位授予單位】：哈爾濱工業(yè)大學
【學位級別】：碩士
【學位授予年份】：2016
【分類號】：P742
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本文編號：1377905