本文關(guān)鍵詞：星載L波段一維綜合孔徑輻射計(jì)海洋鹽度探測(cè)任務(wù)仿真　出處：《中國(guó)科學(xué)院國(guó)家空間科學(xué)中心》2016年碩士論文　論文類(lèi)型：學(xué)位論文

  更多相關(guān)文章： 一維綜合孔徑輻射計(jì) 系統(tǒng)仿真 G矩陣 太陽(yáng)干擾 月亮干擾 銀河干擾

【摘要】：全球大約有71%的面積被海洋覆蓋,海表面鹽度是研究全球天氣預(yù)報(bào)及氣候變化的重要示蹤因子,它的分布及變化對(duì)研究海洋氣候系統(tǒng)起著關(guān)鍵性作用。但是海洋鹽度遙感的發(fā)展速度遠(yuǎn)遠(yuǎn)落后于對(duì)其應(yīng)用的需要。相比于采樣船等現(xiàn)場(chǎng)測(cè)量鹽度的方法,太空遙感更能實(shí)現(xiàn)大面積、長(zhǎng)時(shí)間的觀測(cè),這對(duì)于工程建設(shè)、資源開(kāi)發(fā)以及科學(xué)研究等領(lǐng)域都具有至關(guān)重要的作用。在這樣的背景下,中國(guó)科學(xué)院國(guó)家空間科學(xué)中心提出了主被動(dòng)聯(lián)合探測(cè)鹽度計(jì)劃,用于觀測(cè)全球土壤濕度和海表面鹽度。利用高靈敏度、高穩(wěn)定度的L波段推帚式(push-broom)輻射計(jì),能夠?qū)θ蚝１砻纣}度分布進(jìn)行高精度觀測(cè);利用共用反射面天線的L波段散射計(jì),同步獲取海面粗糙度信息,改進(jìn)鹽度測(cè)量精度,其中,輻射計(jì)是整個(gè)系統(tǒng)中最重要的部分。輻射計(jì)為綜合孔徑體制,天線陣列有8個(gè)天線,排成一維陣列,工作頻率為1.4135GHz。與歐空局SMOS衛(wèi)星的二維綜合孔徑輻射計(jì)系統(tǒng)相比,采用一維方案可以降低系統(tǒng)的復(fù)雜度。與采用真實(shí)孔徑的美國(guó)Aquarius衛(wèi)星相比,一維綜合孔徑可以實(shí)現(xiàn)更好的空間分辨率及刈幅指標(biāo)。本文基于Matlab平臺(tái)搭架一維綜合孔徑輻射計(jì)仿真系統(tǒng),根據(jù)星載一維綜合孔徑輻射計(jì)的系統(tǒng)組成結(jié)構(gòu)及工作過(guò)程建立模型,主要實(shí)現(xiàn)目標(biāo)場(chǎng)景生成、輻射計(jì)系統(tǒng)仿真、亮溫重構(gòu)的功能。目標(biāo)場(chǎng)景生成模塊主要模擬衛(wèi)星獲得觀測(cè)亮溫的過(guò)程,即輸入海表面溫度、海表面鹽度、風(fēng)速等數(shù)據(jù),結(jié)合軌道參數(shù),輸出衛(wèi)星在任意一個(gè)軌道位置所觀測(cè)到的視場(chǎng)亮溫圖像。輻射計(jì)系統(tǒng)仿真模塊模擬的是綜合孔徑輻射計(jì)空間頻率域采樣過(guò)程,主要根據(jù)綜合孔徑輻射計(jì)的測(cè)量原理并結(jié)合一維綜合孔徑輻射計(jì)天線陣列排布,對(duì)目標(biāo)場(chǎng)景生成模塊的觀測(cè)亮溫進(jìn)行頻域采樣,生成可見(jiàn)度函數(shù)。亮溫重構(gòu)模塊根據(jù)一維天線陣列的特點(diǎn),提出一種高精度的亮溫重構(gòu)算法,將可見(jiàn)度函數(shù)轉(zhuǎn)化為空間域的亮溫,滿(mǎn)足設(shè)計(jì)需求。利用一維綜合孔徑輻射計(jì)仿真系統(tǒng),評(píng)估外部誤差源,包括銀河、月亮、太陽(yáng)直射對(duì)亮溫的影響。首先根據(jù)天文知識(shí)并結(jié)合軌道參數(shù),對(duì)外部誤差源在觀測(cè)視場(chǎng)內(nèi)的位置進(jìn)行建模;然后根據(jù)外部誤差源亮溫及其在視場(chǎng)中的位置變化,仿真得到銀河、月亮、太陽(yáng)直射對(duì)系統(tǒng)X、Y極化亮溫影響的年際變化規(guī)律。本文所做的工作為后續(xù)綜合孔徑輻射計(jì)系統(tǒng)的進(jìn)一步優(yōu)化和設(shè)計(jì)提供仿真平臺(tái),也為接下來(lái)海表面鹽度探測(cè)的硬件系統(tǒng)指標(biāo)設(shè)計(jì)以及應(yīng)用反演提供參考依據(jù)。
[Abstract]:About 71% of the world is covered by the ocean. Sea surface salinity is an important tracer for global weather forecasting and climate change. Its distribution and variation play a key role in the study of marine climate system, but the development speed of marine salinity remote sensing is far behind the need of its application. Space remote sensing can achieve large area, long time observation, which is very important for engineering construction, resource development and scientific research. In this context. The National Space Science Center of the Chinese Academy of Sciences has proposed a joint active and passive salinity detection program for the observation of global soil moisture and sea surface salinity with high sensitivity. The L-band push-broom radiometer with high stability can accurately observe the salinity distribution of the global sea surface. The L-band scatterometer of common reflector antenna is used to acquire the sea surface roughness information synchronously and improve the measuring accuracy of salinity. The radiometer is the most important part of the whole system. The radiometer is a synthetic aperture system. The antenna array consists of eight antennas arranged in a one-dimensional array operating at a frequency of 1.4135 GHz compared with the two-dimensional synthetic aperture radiometer system of the ESA SMOS satellite. One dimensional scheme can reduce the complexity of the system, compared with the American Aquarius satellite with real aperture. One-dimensional synthetic aperture can achieve better spatial resolution and cut index. This paper builds a one-dimensional synthetic aperture radiometer simulation system based on Matlab platform. According to the system structure and working process of spaceborne one-dimensional synthetic aperture radiometer, the model is established, which mainly realizes the target scene generation and radiometer system simulation. The target scene generation module mainly simulates the process of satellite obtaining observed brightness temperature, that is, input sea surface temperature, sea surface salinity, wind speed and other data, combined with orbital parameters. The radiometer system simulation module simulates the sampling process of synthetic aperture radiometer in spatial frequency domain. According to the measurement principle of synthetic aperture radiometer and the arrangement of antenna array of one-dimensional synthetic aperture radiometer, the observation brightness temperature of target scene generation module is sampled in frequency domain. According to the characteristics of one-dimensional antenna array, a high-precision brightness temperature reconstruction algorithm is proposed to transform the visibility function into the bright temperature in spatial domain. To meet the needs of the design. Using a one-dimensional synthetic aperture radiometer simulation system to evaluate the external error sources, including the Milky way, the moon, the direct solar radiation on the bright temperature. First, according to astronomical knowledge and combined with orbital parameters. The position of the external error source in the field of view is modeled. Then according to the light temperature of the external error source and its position change in the field of view, the system X is simulated. The work done in this paper provides a simulation platform for the further optimization and design of the integrated aperture radiometer system. It also provides reference for hardware system index design and application inversion of sea surface salinity detection.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：中國(guó)科學(xué)院國(guó)家空間科學(xué)中心
【學(xué)位級(jí)別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2016
【分類(lèi)號(hào)】：P715.7

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