發(fā)布時(shí)間：2018-01-01 02:24

  本文關(guān)鍵詞：萊州灣南岸咸水入侵演化特征研究　出處：《中國(guó)海洋大學(xué)》2014年碩士論文　論文類(lèi)型：學(xué)位論文

  更多相關(guān)文章： 萊州灣南岸 咸水入侵 地下鹵水 咸淡水界面 地下水模型

【摘要】：咸水入侵是頻發(fā)于海岸帶地區(qū)，是在天然和人工雙重作用下的緩變型地質(zhì)災(zāi)害，會(huì)對(duì)當(dāng)?shù)毓まr(nóng)業(yè)與居民的生活健康造成嚴(yán)重的負(fù)面影響。自晚更新世以來(lái)，隨著冰期、間冰期氣候變化以及海平面多次升降，渤海發(fā)生了滄州海侵、獻(xiàn)縣海侵和黃驊海侵以及它們之間的海退事件，萊州灣南岸濱海河流沉積和海相沉積平原區(qū)便相應(yīng)地沉積了海、陸相間的地層。本次研究主要以萊州灣南岸為例，通過(guò)資料整編與分析、實(shí)地踏勘、樣品分析、監(jiān)測(cè)數(shù)據(jù)分析、建立地下水模型等方法探討咸水入侵現(xiàn)象的演化特征，包括歷史演化特征與發(fā)展特征。 晚更新世以來(lái)在萊州灣南岸形成的地下鹵水分布范圍大，儲(chǔ)量多，但地下鹵水成因復(fù)雜，其也為咸水入侵提供物源基礎(chǔ)。分析認(rèn)為，地下鹵水成礦條件受多種因素控制，萊州灣南岸的多源河流三角洲沉積演化模式為地下鹵水資源的生成創(chuàng)造了良好的補(bǔ)給、運(yùn)移、過(guò)濾、儲(chǔ)存、封蓋條件。在海退初期，p 湖水體由風(fēng)暴潮作用下越過(guò)沙壩不斷注入正常海水和位于其下部河流沉積物地下淡水共同組成，p 湖中產(chǎn)生的高礦化度鹽水在回流滲濾作用下進(jìn)入潮坪和三角洲前緣地帶，p 湖水體將長(zhǎng)時(shí)間保持較高濃度穩(wěn)定狀態(tài)，在返流過(guò)程中鹵水鹽度會(huì)發(fā)生水平帶狀分異；在海退成陸時(shí)期，長(zhǎng)期蒸發(fā)作用和季節(jié)性河流物質(zhì)運(yùn)輸形成鹵水存儲(chǔ)，陸相沉積物掩埋了前期鹵水層即成為地下鹵水層；如此大規(guī)模的三次海陸變遷，形成三個(gè)鹵水層相間的分布特征。以p 湖—沙壩為鹵水生成反應(yīng)器，被溶解的組分在蒸發(fā)泵作用下產(chǎn)生分餾，在沉積物內(nèi)發(fā)生離子交換作用，產(chǎn)生礦物蝕變，在回流滲濾作用下沿潮坪和三角洲前緣生成地下鹵水。在綜合分析地下鹵水分布范圍、頂?shù)装迓裆�、含水層厚度、鹵水濃度及鹵水化學(xué)類(lèi)型基礎(chǔ)上，通過(guò)沉積背景和地下鹵水分布對(duì)比研究，重新厘定自晚更新世以來(lái)萊州灣南岸地下鹵水層與三次海侵之間關(guān)系，分析地下鹵水分布特征及開(kāi)采現(xiàn)狀，為進(jìn)一步研究地下鹵水成因奠定沉積學(xué)基礎(chǔ)，為合理有效利用海岸帶地下鹵水資源提供科學(xué)依據(jù)。同時(shí)，鹵水的形成也為咸水入侵提供咸水物源基礎(chǔ)。 通過(guò)對(duì)萊州灣南岸的咸水入侵發(fā)展分析，影響咸水入侵的因素主要為地下水開(kāi)采與研究區(qū)內(nèi)的河流特征。其中咸淡水界面在監(jiān)測(cè)時(shí)間范圍運(yùn)動(dòng)分為三個(gè)階段，整體上咸淡水界面向北移動(dòng)1136.43m，平均年移動(dòng)速度為1.2km/a，咸水入侵范圍呈現(xiàn)減小的趨勢(shì)，主要由于當(dāng)?shù)亟涤昱c地下水開(kāi)采共同作用導(dǎo)致。晚更新世地下水與降水補(bǔ)給、河流補(bǔ)給幾乎沒(méi)有關(guān)系，與地下水開(kāi)采相關(guān)性較大，其咸水入侵與該地層鹵水分布、咸水分布特征相關(guān)；全新世地下水在豐水期與降水、地下水開(kāi)采相關(guān)，在平水期、枯水期與地下水開(kāi)采相關(guān)，其補(bǔ)給源為周邊地下水，咸水入侵現(xiàn)象與其周邊地下水類(lèi)型相關(guān)。潮汐作用對(duì)地下水的影響主要表現(xiàn)為濱海晚更新世地下水水位與礦化度動(dòng)態(tài)變化呈現(xiàn)與潮汐波動(dòng)相似的不規(guī)則正弦式曲線，全新世地下水波動(dòng)規(guī)律并不明顯，在距離海岸線150m處的晚更新世地下水水位與礦化度峰值較潮汐水位峰值滯后10min左右。 通過(guò)地下水模型模擬，在不同開(kāi)采強(qiáng)度的情況下，鹵水區(qū)只受本區(qū)域的地下水開(kāi)采影響，開(kāi)采強(qiáng)度越大，，地下水礦化度降低的趨勢(shì)越為明顯，并不受其他區(qū)域地下水開(kāi)采影響；在非鹵水區(qū)開(kāi)采，鹵水區(qū)對(duì)其影響較小，礦化度較高區(qū)域受礦化度較低區(qū)域影響明顯。咸淡水界面的運(yùn)動(dòng)受鹵水開(kāi)采影響較小，主要受地下水礦化度為1~50g/L區(qū)域地下水開(kāi)采影響明顯。
[Abstract]:The saltwater intrusion is frequent in coastal areas, is a slow change of geological disasters in the natural and artificial double function, will cause serious negative impact on the local industry and agriculture and the health of people. Since the late Pleistocene, with glacial interglacial, climate change and sea level rise and fall many times, the Cangzhou transgression between Bohai. Xianxian County Huanghua transgression and their transgression and regression, the South Bank of Laizhou Bay Coastal fluvial and marine sedimentary plain correspondingly sedimentary sea, between continental strata. This study mainly in the South Bank of Laizhou Bay as an example, through the compilation and analysis of data, field reconnaissance, sample analysis, monitoring data analysis, establish the model of groundwater methods to investigate the evolution characteristics of saltwater intrusion phenomenon, including the characteristics and development characteristics of the historical evolution.
Since the late Pleistocene formation in the South Bank of Laizhou Bay underground brine distribution range, reserves, but the underground brine causes complex, which also provide basis for the source of water intrusion. Analysis shows that the metallogenic conditions of underground brine is controlled by many factors, generating three deltas of multi-source River south of the Gulf of Laizhou for the evolution of underground brine resources create a good supply, transport, storage, filtration, sealing condition. In the early stage of regression, P Lake by the storm surges over the sand bar continuous injection of normal seawater and is arranged on the lower part of the river sediments were composed of underground water with high salinity, salt Lake ore P in the tidal flat and delta front zone in return filtration, P lake will maintain a high concentration and stable state for a long time, in the process of brine salinity reflux occurs in horizontal zonal differentiation; regression into land period, long period of evaporation And the seasonal river transport formation brine storage, continental sediments buried early brine layer is become underground brine layer; so three times large-scale sea changes, the distribution characteristics of the formation of three phases. In the P aquifer brine lake sand dam for the brine generation reactor, the dissolved components produced in evaporation fractionation pump function next, the ion exchange in the sediment, producing mineral alteration, generation of underground brine in reflux infiltration along the tidal flat and delta front. The comprehensive analysis of underground brine distribution, the top and bottom of the buried depth, thickness of aquifer, the concentration of brine and brine chemistry on the basis of the type, through the sedimentary background and distribution of underground brine comparative study on the relationship between the redefinition, since the late Pleistocene in Laizhou Bay and underground brine layer three transgression, analysis of underground brine distribution and exploitation status, for the further research of underground brine Water Genesis lays the foundation for sedimentology, and provides scientific basis for rational and effective utilization of underground brine resources in coastal zone. Meanwhile, brine formation also provides salt water source foundation for salt water intrusion.
Through the development of the South Bank of Laizhou Bay, salt water intrusion analysis, the influence factors of saltwater intrusion are mainly groundwater and rivers in the study area. The fresh salt water interface in the monitoring range of motion is divided into three stages on the whole, the interface of salt and fresh water northward movement of 1136.43m, the average mobile speed is 1.2km/a, the saltwater intrusion range show decreased, mainly due to the local rainfall and groundwater exploitation. The result of joint action of late Pleistocene groundwater and precipitation recharge, river supplies almost Never mind, and groundwater exploitation are greatly correlated with the invasion of the salt brine water distribution, water related distribution; Holocene groundwater in high water period and precipitation, groundwater exploitation, in the normal water period, low water period and groundwater exploitation, the supply source for the surrounding groundwater, salt water intrusion phenomenon and its surrounding groundwater types related as tidal. With the impact of groundwater is mainly manifested in the late Pleistocene coastal groundwater level and salinity showed dynamic changes and tidal fluctuations similar irregular sine curve, regularity of Holocene groundwater fluctuation is not obvious, the coastline of 150m distance in the late Pleistocene and the groundwater level and salinity peak tidal lag peak around 10min.
The groundwater simulation model, in different mining strength, brine area is only affected by the regional groundwater exploitation, mining strength increases, groundwater salinity decreased more obvious, is not affected by other factors of groundwater exploitation in mining area; non brine, brine area has little influence on the area, high degree of mineralization the low salinity region is obvious. The interface of salt and fresh water movement by the brine mining effect is mainly affected by the groundwater salinity 1~50g/L regional groundwater exploitation is obvious.

【學(xué)位授予單位】：中國(guó)海洋大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級(jí)別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2014
【分類(lèi)號(hào)】：P731.2

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