【摘要】：為探索巖溶關(guān)鍵帶元素運(yùn)移時(shí)空變化特征及過程,自2009年10月至2015年5月對我國北方典型巖溶關(guān)鍵帶——河南西部雞冠洞相互作用帶中各組分(大氣降水、土壤、基巖、洞穴滴水、洞穴現(xiàn)代沉積物)進(jìn)行了連續(xù)定點(diǎn)監(jiān)測及取樣分析,共獲得650個(gè)實(shí)驗(yàn)數(shù)據(jù).對比了Ca、Mg、Ba、Sr、δ~(13)C及元素比值在不同組分中的變化情況及運(yùn)移規(guī)律.結(jié)果表明:(1)土壤與基巖是滴水的主要物質(zhì)來源,Mg、Ba、Sr符合"土壤-基巖"二元物源模型,但各自所占比例并不相同.(2)在空間上,洞穴系統(tǒng)相互作用帶中各元素遷移相互聯(lián)系.滴水繼承了土壤及基巖的信號(hào),現(xiàn)代沉積物又能延續(xù)滴水各元素的信息.元素在土壤縱剖面中表現(xiàn)出了明顯的淋溶和淀積作用,最下層土壤較好地繼承了基巖中微量元素的信息.(3)在時(shí)間上,洞穴系統(tǒng)相互作用帶中各元素遷移復(fù)雜多變.土壤及滴水受降水淋濾作用影響皆表現(xiàn)明顯的季節(jié)差異,然在巖溶水運(yùn)移路徑、PCP作用、極端干旱和年降水雨型的影響下,滴水元素濃度旱、雨季差異明顯較土壤小.而PCP作用及元素選擇性淋濾等因素又改變了沉積物中元素對滴水元素的延續(xù)特性.
[Abstract]:In order to explore the temporal and spatial variation characteristics and process of element migration in the key Karst Zone of Karst, from October 2009 to May 2015, the components (atmospheric precipitation, soil, bedrock, cave drip, cave modern sediment) in Jiguan Cave interaction Zone, western Henan Province, were continuously monitored and sampled and analyzed, and 650 experimental data were obtained. The variation and migration of Ca,Mg,Ba,Sr, 未 ~ (13) C and element ratio in different components were compared. The results show that: (1) soil and bedrock are the main material sources of dripping water, and Mg,Ba,Sr accords with the "soil-bedrock" binary material source model, but the proportion of them is not the same. (2) in space, the migration of elements in the interaction zone of cave system is related to each other. Dripping inherits the signals of soil and bedrock, and modern sediments can continue the information of dripping elements. The elements showed obvious leaching and deposition in the longitudinal section of the soil, and the information of trace elements in the bedrock was well inherited in the lower layer of the soil. (3) in time, the migration of the elements in the interaction zone of the cave system was complex and changeable. Soil and drip were affected by precipitation leaching, but under the influence of Karst water transport path, PCP action, extreme drought and annual precipitation rain type, the concentration of dripping elements was dry, and the difference in rainy season was significantly smaller than that in soil. However, PCP action and selective leaching of elements change the continuation characteristics of elements to drip elements in sediments.
【作者單位】： 西南大學(xué)地理科學(xué)學(xué)院巖溶環(huán)境重慶市重點(diǎn)實(shí)驗(yàn)室;國土資源部巖溶生態(tài)環(huán)境-重慶南川野外基地;河南省雞冠洞風(fēng)景名勝區(qū)管理處;
【基金】：國家自然科學(xué)基金項(xiàng)目(41672160,41372177,40902053) 國家重點(diǎn)研發(fā)計(jì)劃項(xiàng)目(2016YFC050230205)
【分類號(hào)】：P642.25

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