【摘要】：隨著改革開放的日益深入,房地產(chǎn)業(yè)在市場經(jīng)濟中占據(jù)著日趨重要的地位,并長期受到全社會的廣泛關(guān)注。尤其近幾年來,城市建設(shè)的步伐不斷加速,高層超高層建筑越來越多,舊城改造新建樓房也是見縫插針。建筑業(yè)的蓬勃發(fā)展也帶動了相關(guān)領(lǐng)域工程技術(shù)的不斷進(jìn)步,如基礎(chǔ)勘測、基坑工程、地下工程、地基處理等等。加強對地層空間不確定性因素與確定性因素的研究是實現(xiàn)工程建設(shè)穩(wěn)步進(jìn)行的根本途徑。在我國經(jīng)濟富庶的東南沿海地區(qū),地層土壤空間分布規(guī)律是制約土地規(guī)劃和工程建設(shè)的重要因素,同區(qū)域環(huán)境一起影響著該區(qū)土地利用和經(jīng)濟發(fā)展。在區(qū)域尺度下,對于整個研究區(qū)域地塊內(nèi)地層巖土參數(shù)空間分布特征及其影響因素進(jìn)行系統(tǒng)而科學(xué)地認(rèn)識,是工程順利實施的有力保證,對區(qū)域單元上的宏觀決策問題具有重要的指導(dǎo)作用。本論文以典型的濱海相沉積地層為研究區(qū)域,旨在摸清現(xiàn)階段主要地層參數(shù)的整體變異狀況,明晰其空間變異特征及空間分布格局,并揭示不同尺度下地層巖土參數(shù)與相關(guān)環(huán)境因素之間的關(guān)系。本論文巖土參數(shù)取自《江蘇省阜寧縣向陽花苑1#~22#樓勘探報告》,主要研究地層有第3層淤泥質(zhì)粉質(zhì)粘土層,計有43個勘探孔;第8層粉質(zhì)粘土層,計有43個勘探孔,層厚4.0~5.3m;第9層粘土層,計有29個勘探孔。采用經(jīng)典統(tǒng)計學(xué)(整體特征變異、方差比較、均值分析等)、地質(zhì)統(tǒng)計學(xué)(變差函數(shù)、克里格空間插值)、狀態(tài)空間數(shù)值模擬等方法,對各主要研究地層巖土參數(shù)的空間變異特征、空間數(shù)值模擬及預(yù)測、不同研究尺度下的相關(guān)影響因素進(jìn)行了細(xì)致的分析,現(xiàn)將主要研究結(jié)果列示如下:(1)研究區(qū)域地層巖土參數(shù)的含量整體變化水平在本區(qū)域處于中等偏弱變異水平。地質(zhì)統(tǒng)計學(xué)分析表明,淤泥質(zhì)粉質(zhì)粘土層巖土參數(shù)液限、塑限、液性指數(shù)為中等變異參數(shù),塊金系數(shù)小于0.25;粉質(zhì)粘土地層參數(shù)表現(xiàn)為中等變異的有孔隙比、壓縮模量,塊金系數(shù)在0.25~0.75之間;粘土層地層巖土參數(shù)表現(xiàn)為中等變異的有壓縮模量,X方向與Y方向塊金系數(shù)在0.25~0.75之間。變異函數(shù)分析比較發(fā)現(xiàn),各主要地層巖土參數(shù)在區(qū)域勘測尺度上無明顯各向異性。(2)本文研究了地層巖土參數(shù)間的空間相關(guān)性規(guī)律:淤泥質(zhì)粉質(zhì)粘土地層含水率與孔隙比存在強正相關(guān)關(guān)系,相關(guān)系數(shù)0.9410,壓縮系數(shù)與壓縮模量存在強負(fù)相關(guān)關(guān)系,相關(guān)系數(shù)-0.9450;含水率、孔隙比、液性指數(shù)、壓縮系數(shù)等參數(shù)指標(biāo)在不同方向上存在較好的空間協(xié)相關(guān)性,X方向變程a接近于5.7m,Y方向變程a接近于7.1m;含水率和孔隙比自相關(guān)性較好,全局變程值范圍設(shè)為7m。粉質(zhì)粘土地層含水率與孔隙比、液性指數(shù)為強正相關(guān)關(guān)系,相關(guān)系數(shù)大于0.73,壓縮系數(shù)與壓縮模量為負(fù)相關(guān)關(guān)系,負(fù)相關(guān)系數(shù)為-0.9527;含水率與液性指數(shù)、壓縮系數(shù)指標(biāo)在不同方向上存在較好的空間協(xié)相關(guān)性,其相互協(xié)相關(guān)性變程值均接近于5 m;液限、塑限、壓縮模量存在著較強的空間自相關(guān)性,其全局變程值可設(shè)為7 m。粘土地層含水率與孔隙比、液限、塑限間存在較強的正相關(guān)關(guān)系;液限與塑限、塑性指數(shù)間存在較強的正相關(guān)關(guān)系;粘土地層含水率與孔隙比、液限、塑性指數(shù)、液性指數(shù)等參數(shù)指標(biāo)在不同方向上的變化有著較好的空間協(xié)調(diào)性,其協(xié)相關(guān)性變程值可確定為5.5 m;含水率、液限、塑限、塑性指數(shù)、液性指數(shù)有著較強的空間自相關(guān)性,其全局變程值可設(shè)為6 m。(3)相關(guān)地層巖土參數(shù)尺度下的研究及最優(yōu)尺度的選擇分析表明,含水率、液性指數(shù)、壓縮系數(shù)的變差函數(shù)模型,在不同的尺度下不具有可比較性。含水率、液性指數(shù)、壓縮系數(shù)的空間變化對各個尺度的響應(yīng)各不相同;含水率與壓縮系數(shù)的空間最優(yōu)尺度設(shè)為8 m為宜,液性指數(shù)設(shè)為10 m為宜。(4)對研究區(qū)域內(nèi)不良地層的研究,重點闡述了地質(zhì)統(tǒng)計學(xué)在勘測設(shè)計與施工中的應(yīng)用。分析表明,淤泥質(zhì)土地層液限、塑限、液性指數(shù)變異性較大,應(yīng)加密勘測;不同方向空間變異規(guī)律研究顯示,淤泥質(zhì)土地層Y方向的空間變異性較大,對該方向應(yīng)進(jìn)行重點勘測。通過最優(yōu)無偏空間插值,即克里格插值,繪制了主要地層壓縮系數(shù)空間分布圖,對指導(dǎo)進(jìn)一步的勘測設(shè)計與施工有一定的實際應(yīng)用意義。(5)區(qū)域尺度上,自然因素,如大氣降水、明塘、暗塘、河流分布、土壤組成成分等,對地層巖土參數(shù)具有顯著影響;人為因素,如勘測誤差、實驗測試方法,與上述自然因素之間也存在相互關(guān)系,并顯著影響各巖土參數(shù)指標(biāo)。整體來看,地層土壤參數(shù)指標(biāo)具有中等偏弱的空間變異性,分布較為穩(wěn)定。本文以大量的野外勘測數(shù)據(jù)為研究基礎(chǔ),從整體上明晰了濱海相沉積地層土壤參數(shù)如含水率、孔隙比、液限、液性指數(shù)、塑限、塑性指數(shù)、壓縮系數(shù)以及壓縮模量的空間變異特性及其與相關(guān)環(huán)境因素之間的內(nèi)在聯(lián)系�？煽康牡貙訁�(shù)空間數(shù)據(jù)豐富了濱海相沉積地區(qū)數(shù)據(jù)庫,為該區(qū)土壤參數(shù)指標(biāo)空間變異及相關(guān)研究的深入開展提供了整體框架指導(dǎo),也為今后該區(qū)大尺度上數(shù)字土壤制圖、地層沉積模擬、地質(zhì)環(huán)境評估等提供了可靠的數(shù)據(jù)支持,相關(guān)研究結(jié)果也將為研究區(qū)域各項建設(shè)工程的宏觀決策提供理論和實踐指導(dǎo)。
[Abstract]:With the deepening of the reform and opening-up, the real estate industry occupies an increasingly important position in the market economy, and has been widely concerned by the whole society for a long time. In recent years, the pace of urban construction has been accelerating, and the high-rise and super-high-rise buildings have become more and more, and the new building in the old city is also a joint pin. The development of construction industry has also led to the progress of engineering technology in the relevant fields, such as foundation survey, foundation pit engineering, underground engineering, foundation treatment and so on. It is the fundamental way to strengthen the steady progress of the project construction by strengthening the study of the factors of the uncertainty of the formation space and the deterministic factors. In the southeast coastal area of China's rich economy, the distribution of the spatial distribution of the formation soil is an important factor to restrict land planning and engineering construction, and the land use and economic development of the region are affected with the regional environment. In the regional scale, the systematic and scientific understanding of the spatial distribution characteristics and the influencing factors of the formation rock and soil parameters in the whole area of the study area is a strong guarantee for the smooth implementation of the project, and has an important guiding role on the macro-decision problem on the regional unit. In this paper, a typical sea-sea facies sedimentary formation is used as the research area. The purpose of this paper is to find out the overall variation of the main formation parameters in the current stage, to clarify its spatial variation and spatial distribution pattern, and to reveal the relationship between the rock-soil parameters and the related environmental factors at different scales. The geotechnical parameters of this paper are taken from the exploration report of 1 # ~ 22 # building in FuNing County, Jiangsu Province. The main research strata include the third layer of silty clay layer, including 43 exploration holes, and the 8th layer of silty clay layer, including 43 exploration holes, with the layer thickness of 4.0-5.3m, and the 9th layer of clay layer. There are 29 exploratory holes. The spatial variation characteristics, spatial numerical simulation and prediction of the rock and soil parameters are mainly studied by the methods of classical statistics (overall feature variation, variance comparison, mean analysis, etc.), geostatistics (variogram, Kriging space interpolation) and state space numerical simulation. The main results of the study are as follows: (1) The overall change level of the soil parameters in the study area is at a moderate and weak variation level in the region. The geological and statistical analysis shows that the rock-soil parameter liquid limit, the plastic limit and the liquid-liquid index of the silty clay layer are medium variation parameters, the block gold coefficient is less than 0.25, the formation parameters of the silty clay are medium-variation with the porosity ratio, the compression modulus and the block gold coefficient between 0.25 and 0.75; The rock-soil parameters of the clay-layer formation are medium-variant with compressive modulus, and the coefficient of gold in the X-direction and the Y-direction is between 0.25 and 0.75. The analysis of the variation function shows that the geotechnical parameters of the main formation have no significant anisotropy in the regional survey scale. (2) The spatial correlation of the formation rock and soil parameters is studied in this paper. There is a strong positive correlation between the water content of the silty clay formation and the pore ratio, the correlation coefficient is 0.9410, the compression coefficient and the compression modulus have a strong negative correlation, the correlation coefficient is 0.9450, the water content and the pore ratio, The parameter indexes such as the liquid index and the compression coefficient have good spatial corelation in different directions. The direction of X direction is close to 5.7 m, and the direction of the Y direction is close to 7.1m; the water content and the aperture ratio are better than the self-correlation, and the global range of the range is set to 7 m. The water content and the porosity ratio of the silty clay formation are strongly positive correlation, the correlation coefficient is greater than 0.73, the compression coefficient is negative correlation with the compression modulus, the negative correlation coefficient is-0.9527, the water content and the liquid index, The compression coefficient index has a better spatial cocorrelation in different directions, and the correlation of the correlation of the covariates is close to 5 m; the liquid limit, the plastic limit and the compression modulus have a strong spatial autocorrelation, and the global variation value can be set to 7 m. The water content of the clay formation is equal to the pore ratio and the liquid limit, There is a strong positive correlation between the plastic limit and the plastic limit, there is a strong positive correlation between the liquid limit and the plastic limit and the plasticity index, the water content of the clay formation and the pore ratio, the liquid limit, the plasticity index, the liquid index and other parameters have better spatial coordination in different directions, The value of its cocorrelation can be determined to be 5.5m; the water content, liquid limit, plastic limit, plasticity index and liquid index have a strong self-correlation, and the global variation value can be set to 6 m. (3) The research on the scale of the relevant formation rock and soil parameters and the selection analysis of the optimal scale show that, The variation function model of water content, liquid index and compression coefficient is not comparable at different scales. The spatial variation of the water content, the liquid index and the compression coefficient is different to the response of the various scales; the optimal size of the space between the water content and the compression coefficient is 8 m, and the liquid permeability index is 10 m. (4) The application of the geostatistics in the design and construction of the survey is mainly discussed in the study of the bad formation in the study area. The analysis shows that the soil layer liquid limit, the plastic limit and the liquid index variability of the silty soil layer are large, and the survey should be carried out; the spatial variability of the spatial variation in different directions shows that the spatial variability in the Y direction of the silty soil layer is large, and the focus survey should be carried out in this direction. By using the optimal unbiased space interpolation, that is, the Kriging interpolation, the spatial distribution of the main formation compression coefficient is drawn, and it is of practical significance to guide the further investigation and design and construction. (5) The natural factors, such as the atmospheric precipitation, the open pond, the dark pond, the river distribution, the soil composition and the like on the regional scale, have a significant influence on the rock and soil parameters of the formation; human factors, such as survey errors, experimental test methods, and the above-mentioned natural factors also have a mutual relationship, And the indexes of the rock and soil parameters are obviously affected. As a whole, the soil parameters of the formation have moderate and weak spatial variability, and the distribution is more stable. In this paper, based on a large number of field survey data, the soil parameters such as water content, pore ratio, liquid limit, liquid index, plastic limit and plasticity index are clearly defined. The spatial variation of compression modulus and the compression modulus and the internal relationship with the related environmental factors. the reliable formation parameter spatial data enriches the database of the shore-and-sea-phase deposition area, provides an overall framework guide for the further development of the spatial variation of the soil parameter index in the area and the related research, and also provides a digital soil mapping and formation deposition simulation in the large scale in the future, The geological environment assessment and so on provide reliable data support, and the relevant research results will also provide theoretical and practical guidance for macro-decision-making of various construction projects in the study area.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：蘇州科技學(xué)院
【學(xué)位級別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2015
【分類號】：TU43

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