MET地震檢波器多物理場模型構(gòu)建及其噪聲研究
發(fā)布時間：2019-06-18 16:06
【摘要】：多年的實踐證明，地震勘探是一種快速有效探明地下構(gòu)造、尋找油氣資源的方法。隨著對油氣資源需求的日益增長，對地震勘探的要求也越來越高，主流的機電類地震檢波器已經(jīng)在很多方面不能滿足要求：地震檢波器已成為制約地震勘探技術(shù)發(fā)展的一大瓶頸。多年來，，國內(nèi)外許多公司和科研機構(gòu)一直致力于開發(fā)新型地震檢波器并推出了很多產(chǎn)品，如壓電陶瓷檢波器、渦流檢波器、激光檢波器、MEMS檢波器等。以上這幾種地震檢波器工作原理大多與機電類地震檢波器不同，且在某些方面的性能要好于機電類地震檢波器。但總體來看，這些種類的地震檢波器都存在這樣或那樣的致命缺陷，無法實現(xiàn)大規(guī)模商業(yè)化推廣，地震檢波器對地震勘探技術(shù)的制約依舊沒有消除。因此，相關(guān)公司和科研機構(gòu)一直沒有停止開發(fā)新型地震檢波器的步伐。 MET（Molecular Electronic Transducer）地震檢波器是近些年來開發(fā)出來的一款新型地震檢波器，該類檢波器是基于分子-電子感應(yīng)技術(shù)原理工作的。MET地震檢波器內(nèi)部沒有機電類地震檢波器所具有的固體質(zhì)量塊和彈簧等機械裝置，主要由外部調(diào)理電路和氧化還原反應(yīng)腔體構(gòu)成，氧化還原反應(yīng)腔體內(nèi)填充一定濃度的KI和I2混合電解液，中間有一個片狀多孔敏感元件，敏感元件內(nèi)集成了兩對（四層）電極，并與外部調(diào)理電路相連。工作時，須給四個電極施加一定電勢，電解液內(nèi)離子在四個電極處發(fā)生氧化還原反應(yīng)。當振動信號傳遞到檢波器時，電解液和敏感元件產(chǎn)生相對運動，引起四個電極周圍參與氧化還原反應(yīng)的離子濃度發(fā)生變化，從而導致一對電極的氧化還原反應(yīng)速率變快，另一對電極的氧化還原反應(yīng)速率變慢，這就造成一對電極的輸出電流變大，另一對電極的輸出電流變小，兩對電極之間產(chǎn)生電流差，通過測量該電流差來檢測外界振動情況。 本文針對MET地震檢波器性能優(yōu)化過程中三個主要問題展開研究。針對不同的應(yīng)用場合，MET地震檢波器設(shè)計參數(shù)應(yīng)有所改變，以便使其更符合要求。如用于地震勘探時，MET地震檢波器自身噪聲水平應(yīng)盡量低，而對其靈敏度的要求可以稍微降低。當用于安防設(shè)備時，需要靈敏度盡量高，對自身噪聲的要求可以適當降低。究竟怎么改變內(nèi)部設(shè)計參數(shù)才能使檢波器符合上述要求，這就需要通過對其建立多物理場仿真模型進行研究，這也是本文研究的第一個問題。第二，MET地震檢波器的自身噪聲問題是在任何使用場合都必須考慮的，只有自身噪聲低于待檢測振動信號我們才能分清楚信號和噪聲。第三，MET地震檢波器是基于電解液內(nèi)部離子發(fā)生氧化還原反應(yīng)原理工作的，而化學反應(yīng)受溫度影響很大，因此MET地震檢波器的溫度特性是必須研究的問題。針對以上三個問題，本文具體開展了以下研究： （1）建立包含流體場、電場、離子擴散遷移等過程在內(nèi)的通用的MET地震檢波器多物理場仿真模型，通過該模型可直觀的觀察敏感元件微觀結(jié)構(gòu)內(nèi)各種物理參數(shù)（如電流密度、離子流量、電勢等）的分布情況，從而可以更加深入細致地了解MET地震檢波器工作過程，該模型是優(yōu)化MET地震檢波器性能參數(shù)所必需的。 （2）構(gòu)建MET地震檢波器自身噪聲測試系統(tǒng)，測量MET地震檢波器的自身噪聲功率譜。 （3）研究溫度對MET地震檢波器增益的影響。針對高溫（0℃以上）和低溫（0℃以下）兩種情況搭建了兩套檢波器增益測試系統(tǒng)，測試了不同溫度下檢波器增益的變化，給出了MET地震檢波器增益-溫度曲線圖。
[Abstract]:The practice of the years has proved that the seismic exploration is a rapid and effective method to find out the underground structure and to find oil and gas resources. With the increasing demand of oil and gas resources, the demand for seismic exploration is becoming more and more high, and the mainstream electro-mechanical seismic detector has been unable to meet the requirements in many ways: the seismic detector has become a major bottleneck in the development of seismic exploration technology. Over the years, many domestic and foreign companies and scientific research institutions have been working on the development of new type of geophones and introduced many products, such as piezoelectric ceramic detectors, eddy current detectors, laser detectors, MEMS detectors, and the like. The working principle of the above-mentioned several seismic detectors is different from that of the electro-mechanical seismic detector, and the performance in some aspects is better than that of the electro-mechanical seismic detector. In general, however, these kinds of geophones have such a fatal defect that large-scale commercial extension can not be achieved, and the limitation of the seismic wave detector to the seismic exploration technology is still not eliminated. Therefore, relevant companies and scientific research institutions have not stopped developing new type of geophones. The MET (Molecular Electronic Transconductor) is a new type of seismic detector developed in recent years, which is based on the principle of molecular-electronic induction. The mechanical device, such as a solid mass block and a spring, which is not provided by an electro-mechanical seismic detector inside the MET seismic detector, is mainly composed of an external conditioning circuit and an oxidation-reduction reaction cavity, wherein a KI and I2 mixed electrolysis with a certain concentration are filled in the oxidation-reduction reaction chamber the liquid and the middle are provided with a sheet-shaped porous sensitive element, two pairs of (four-layer) electrodes are integrated in the sensitive element, and the two pairs of (four-layer) electrodes are integrated with the external conditioning circuit When working, it is necessary to apply a certain electric potential to the four electrodes, and the ions in the electrolyte will be oxidized and reduced at the four electrodes. It is to be noted that when the vibration signal is transmitted to the detector, the electrolyte and the sensing element generate relative motion, resulting in a change in the concentration of the ions involved in the redox reaction around the four electrodes, resulting in a change in the rate of oxidation and reduction of the pair of electrodes Fast, the oxidation-reduction reaction rate of the other pair of electrodes is slow, which causes the output current of the pair of electrodes to be large, the output current of the other pair of electrodes is small, the current difference is generated between the two pairs of electrodes, and the external vibration condition is detected by measuring the current difference. Condition. Three main problems in the performance optimization of the MET seismic detector are presented in this paper. Open the study. For different applications, the MET seismic detector design parameters should be changed in order to make it more in case of seismic exploration, that self-noise level of the MET seismic detector should be as low as possible, and the requirement for its sensitivity may be slightly Micro-reduction. When used in a security device, the sensitivity is as high as possible, and the requirements for self-noise can be used It is also the first to study how to change the internal design parameters in order to make the detector meet the above requirements. a problem. Second, the problem of self-noise of the MET seismic detector is to be taken into account in any event of use, and only if the self-noise is lower than the vibration signal to be detected, we can clear the signal And the temperature characteristic of the MET seismic detector is necessary to be studied. in view of the above three problems, The following studies: (1) The establishment of a universal MET seismic detector, including fluid field, electric field, ion diffusion migration, etc. The field simulation model, through which the distribution of various physical parameters (such as current density, ion flow, potential, etc.) in the micro-structure of the sensitive element can be visually observed, so that the MET seismic detection can be more thoroughly understood The working process of the device is to optimize the performance of the MET seismic detector. (2) Construct the self-noise test system of the MET seismic detector and measure the MET seismic detector. self-noise power spectrum. (3) Study temperature on MET Two sets of detector gain test systems are set up for high temperature (above 0 鈩
本文編號：2501619
[Abstract]:The practice of the years has proved that the seismic exploration is a rapid and effective method to find out the underground structure and to find oil and gas resources. With the increasing demand of oil and gas resources, the demand for seismic exploration is becoming more and more high, and the mainstream electro-mechanical seismic detector has been unable to meet the requirements in many ways: the seismic detector has become a major bottleneck in the development of seismic exploration technology. Over the years, many domestic and foreign companies and scientific research institutions have been working on the development of new type of geophones and introduced many products, such as piezoelectric ceramic detectors, eddy current detectors, laser detectors, MEMS detectors, and the like. The working principle of the above-mentioned several seismic detectors is different from that of the electro-mechanical seismic detector, and the performance in some aspects is better than that of the electro-mechanical seismic detector. In general, however, these kinds of geophones have such a fatal defect that large-scale commercial extension can not be achieved, and the limitation of the seismic wave detector to the seismic exploration technology is still not eliminated. Therefore, relevant companies and scientific research institutions have not stopped developing new type of geophones. The MET (Molecular Electronic Transconductor) is a new type of seismic detector developed in recent years, which is based on the principle of molecular-electronic induction. The mechanical device, such as a solid mass block and a spring, which is not provided by an electro-mechanical seismic detector inside the MET seismic detector, is mainly composed of an external conditioning circuit and an oxidation-reduction reaction cavity, wherein a KI and I2 mixed electrolysis with a certain concentration are filled in the oxidation-reduction reaction chamber the liquid and the middle are provided with a sheet-shaped porous sensitive element, two pairs of (four-layer) electrodes are integrated in the sensitive element, and the two pairs of (four-layer) electrodes are integrated with the external conditioning circuit When working, it is necessary to apply a certain electric potential to the four electrodes, and the ions in the electrolyte will be oxidized and reduced at the four electrodes. It is to be noted that when the vibration signal is transmitted to the detector, the electrolyte and the sensing element generate relative motion, resulting in a change in the concentration of the ions involved in the redox reaction around the four electrodes, resulting in a change in the rate of oxidation and reduction of the pair of electrodes Fast, the oxidation-reduction reaction rate of the other pair of electrodes is slow, which causes the output current of the pair of electrodes to be large, the output current of the other pair of electrodes is small, the current difference is generated between the two pairs of electrodes, and the external vibration condition is detected by measuring the current difference. Condition. Three main problems in the performance optimization of the MET seismic detector are presented in this paper. Open the study. For different applications, the MET seismic detector design parameters should be changed in order to make it more in case of seismic exploration, that self-noise level of the MET seismic detector should be as low as possible, and the requirement for its sensitivity may be slightly Micro-reduction. When used in a security device, the sensitivity is as high as possible, and the requirements for self-noise can be used It is also the first to study how to change the internal design parameters in order to make the detector meet the above requirements. a problem. Second, the problem of self-noise of the MET seismic detector is to be taken into account in any event of use, and only if the self-noise is lower than the vibration signal to be detected, we can clear the signal And the temperature characteristic of the MET seismic detector is necessary to be studied. in view of the above three problems, The following studies: (1) The establishment of a universal MET seismic detector, including fluid field, electric field, ion diffusion migration, etc. The field simulation model, through which the distribution of various physical parameters (such as current density, ion flow, potential, etc.) in the micro-structure of the sensitive element can be visually observed, so that the MET seismic detection can be more thoroughly understood The working process of the device is to optimize the performance of the MET seismic detector. (2) Construct the self-noise test system of the MET seismic detector and measure the MET seismic detector. self-noise power spectrum. (3) Study temperature on MET Two sets of detector gain test systems are set up for high temperature (above 0 鈩
本文編號：2501619
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