【摘要】：隨著工業(yè)的發(fā)展,對能源的需求量越來越大,海上油氣田勘探開發(fā)已走向精細(xì)化發(fā)展,低幅構(gòu)造油氣藏和巖性油氣藏已經(jīng)逐漸成為油氣勘探的重點(diǎn)。窄方位角勘探面已經(jīng)不能滿足要求越來越高的精細(xì)化勘探任務(wù)。并且隨著PC-CLUSTER集群的推廣應(yīng)用及網(wǎng)絡(luò)交換速度的提高,地震資料的海量計(jì)算已經(jīng)不再是制約三維地震資料處理的瓶頸,處理時(shí)間及成本已經(jīng)大為縮減,為多方位角的地震資料處理及應(yīng)用創(chuàng)造了客觀條件。本研究以多方位地震資料為研究基礎(chǔ),形成了一套多方位地震資料處理及油氣檢測技術(shù)系列。(1)建立了一套新老不同采集參數(shù)地震資料的一致性處理技術(shù)體系,研發(fā)不同方位角的資料匹配及合并處理方法。多方位數(shù)據(jù)在速度譜的聚焦性好,通過利用多方位合并的數(shù)據(jù),并參考單方位的數(shù)據(jù),進(jìn)行速度分析及準(zhǔn)確速度建模,能夠更好的建立起全區(qū)的速度,改善了資料成像和提高了信噪比,增強(qiáng)了小斷層、裂隙的識別能力和預(yù)測地層巖性變化的能力,有利于尋找有利儲層。為海上地震勘探的三維地震數(shù)據(jù)資料的采集及處理帶來了一種新的思路,具有較強(qiáng)的推廣應(yīng)用價(jià)值。(2)通過P波方位各向異性裂縫檢測,多尺度體曲率裂縫預(yù)測,非線性突變屬性裂縫預(yù)測建立了多方位資料裂縫預(yù)測系列,多方位數(shù)據(jù)的屬性結(jié)合了不同方位資料的優(yōu)勢,更能有效地揭示斷裂和裂縫的發(fā)育特征,并說明了裂縫對裂縫孔隙所作出的貢獻(xiàn)。(3)建立了多方位資料烴類檢測技術(shù)系列,取得了刻畫含氣地質(zhì)體的邊界,圈定含氣范圍的突破;多方位數(shù)據(jù)的屬性結(jié)合了不同方位資料的優(yōu)勢,更能揭示流體的富集區(qū)域,通過對多個(gè)方位資料反演結(jié)果的相互印證對比,極大地提高了預(yù)測的可靠性。(4)所形成的技術(shù)系列已經(jīng)推廣應(yīng)用于中國南海和東海多個(gè)工區(qū)中,取得了很好的地質(zhì)效果,進(jìn)一步提高油氣田勘探開發(fā)的成功率�？傊�,該方法技術(shù)與軟件系統(tǒng)適應(yīng)海上多種復(fù)雜構(gòu)造的儲層類型。研究成果結(jié)束國外公司的技術(shù)壟斷,具有較高的科學(xué)價(jià)值與實(shí)用價(jià)值及推廣應(yīng)用前景
[Abstract]:With the development of industry, the demand for energy is increasing, the exploration and development of offshore oil and gas fields has moved towards fine development, and low amplitude structural reservoirs and lithologic reservoirs have gradually become the focus of oil and gas exploration. Narrow azimuth exploration surface can no longer meet the higher and higher requirements of fine exploration tasks. With the popularization and application of PC-CLUSTER cluster and the improvement of network exchange speed, the massive calculation of seismic data is no longer the bottleneck restricting 3D seismic data processing, and the processing time and cost have been greatly reduced, which creates objective conditions for multi-angle seismic data processing and application. Based on the research of multi-azimuth seismic data, a series of multi-azimuth seismic data processing and oil and gas detection techniques are formed. (1) A set of consistent processing technology system of new and old seismic data with different acquisition parameters is established, and the data matching and merging processing methods with different azimuth angles are developed. The focusing property of multi-azimuth data in velocity spectrum is good. By using the data of multi-directional merging and referring to unidirectional data, the velocity analysis and accurate velocity modeling can be carried out, the speed of the whole area can be better established, the data imaging and signal-to-noise ratio (SNR) can be improved, the identification ability of small faults and fissures and the ability of predicting formation lithology change can be enhanced, which is beneficial to finding favorable reservoirs. It brings a new idea for the acquisition and processing of 3D seismic data in offshore seismic exploration, and has strong popularization and application value. (2) through P wave azimuth anisotropy fracture detection, multi-scale volume curvature fracture prediction, nonlinear abrupt attribute fracture prediction, the fracture prediction series of multi-directional data is established, and the attributes of multi-directional data combine the advantages of different azimuth data. It is more effective to reveal the development characteristics of faults and fractures, and to explain the contribution of fractures to fracture pores. (3) A series of hydrocarbon detection techniques for multi-azimuth data are established, and the boundary of describing gas-bearing geological bodies and the breakthrough of the gas-bearing range are obtained. The attributes of multi-azimuth data combine the advantages of different azimuth data, and can better reveal the enrichment area of fluid. Through the mutual verification and comparison of inversion results of multiple azimuth data, the reliability of prediction is greatly improved. (4) the technical series formed has been popularized and applied to many working areas in the South China Sea and East China Sea, and has achieved good geological results and further improved the success rate of oil and gas field exploration and development. In a word, this method and software system are suitable for various reservoir types of complex structures at sea. The research results end the technology monopoly of foreign companies, and have high scientific value and practical value, as well as the prospect of popularization and application.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：成都理工大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級別】：博士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2016
【分類號】：P618.13;P631.4

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