發(fā)布時間：2019-05-27 13:20

【摘要】：離子型稀土原地浸礦開采降低礦山坡體穩(wěn)定性,影響礦山安全生產(chǎn)、資源回收率和經(jīng)濟效益。邊坡監(jiān)測與預(yù)警是防治礦山滑坡的重要方法,目前,國內(nèi)外相關(guān)研究多以位移—時間特征曲線為基礎(chǔ),采用滑坡后驗的手段開展預(yù)警模型研究,其應(yīng)用具有局限性。本文以關(guān)西和東江稀土礦山為試驗場地,以礦山坡體表面位移、內(nèi)部孔隙水壓力和土壓力為研究參數(shù),建立了滑坡預(yù)警模型,并結(jié)合工程實際,給出了參考安全閾值。主要研究工作如下:(1)以坡體表面位移為研究參數(shù),建立滑坡變形階段模型,評判邊坡的整體穩(wěn)定性;以孔隙水壓力為研究參數(shù),建立孔隙水壓力模型,揭示負孔隙水壓力的形成過程;以土壓力為研究參數(shù),將其與不平衡推力相聯(lián)系,從內(nèi)部分析坡體的穩(wěn)定性。(2)關(guān)西稀土礦監(jiān)測數(shù)據(jù)表明:在同一監(jiān)測點坡體土壓力先于表面位移增大,坡體監(jiān)測參數(shù)由內(nèi)而外發(fā)生變化;在同一測線上,監(jiān)測點的表面位移、土壓力均正相關(guān),而孔隙水壓力則與滲流有關(guān),在穩(wěn)定流中正相關(guān),非穩(wěn)定流中負相關(guān)。東江稀土礦監(jiān)測數(shù)據(jù)表明:注液初期,坡體孔隙水壓力和土壓力主要由重力水產(chǎn)生。(3)對關(guān)西稀土礦坡體表面位移監(jiān)測數(shù)據(jù)趨勢擬合后,與坡體的變形階段模型對比,發(fā)現(xiàn)各監(jiān)測點的表面位移從蠕滑階段直接過渡到穩(wěn)定階段,表明測線區(qū)域坡體基本處于穩(wěn)定狀態(tài)。對東江稀土礦坡體表面位移監(jiān)測數(shù)據(jù),運用經(jīng)驗?zāi)B(tài)分解法去噪處理,使坡體位移運動趨勢更加明顯,提前進行穩(wěn)定性評判,結(jié)果表明,測線1坡體處于穩(wěn)定階段,測線2坡體處于滑動階段。(4)以孔隙水壓力等效水頭到達坡體表面時作為預(yù)警值,建立了孔隙水壓力預(yù)警模型,對東江稀土礦使用該模型計算得到預(yù)警值從測點①到測點⑥分別為68.0k Pa、20.0k Pa、31.5 k Pa、47.5 k Pa、31.0 k Pa、22.0 k Pa。(5)土壓力計測量值與不平衡推力的截面應(yīng)力相等,取安全系數(shù)為1.5時的土壓力測量值作為預(yù)警值,建立土壓力預(yù)警模型。對東江稀土礦使用該模型計算得到土壓力預(yù)警值從測點①到測點⑥分別為57.85 k Pa、468.28 k Pa、467.68 k Pa、51.47 k Pa、35.13k Pa、53.23 k Pa。
[Abstract]:The in-situ leaching of ionized rare earth reduces the stability of mine slope and affects the safety of mine production, resource recovery rate and economic benefit. Slope monitoring and early warning is an important method to prevent and control mine landslides. At present, most of the related research at home and abroad is based on displacement-time characteristic curve, and adopts landslide posterior means to carry out early warning model research, and its application has limitations. In this paper, taking Guanxi and Dongjiang rare earth mines as test sites, taking the surface displacement of mine slope, internal pore water pressure and earth pressure as research parameters, the early warning model of landslide is established, and the reference safety threshold is given in combination with engineering practice. The main research work is as follows: (1) taking the surface displacement of slope body as the research parameter, the model of landslide deformation stage is established to evaluate the overall stability of slope; Taking pore water pressure as the research parameter, the pore water pressure model is established to reveal the formation process of negative pore water pressure. Taking the earth pressure as the research parameter, it is related to the unbalanced thrust, and the stability of the slope is analyzed from the interior. (2) the monitoring data of Kansai rare earth mine show that the earth pressure of the slope increases before the surface displacement at the same monitoring point. The monitoring parameters of slope body change from inside to outside. On the same line, the surface displacement and earth pressure of the monitoring point are positively correlated, while the pore water pressure is positively correlated with seepage, positive correlation in stable flow and negative correlation in unstable flow. The monitoring data of Dongjiang rare earth mine show that the pore water pressure and earth pressure of slope body are mainly produced by gravity water at the initial stage of liquid injection. (3) after fitting the monitoring data of slope surface displacement in Guanxi rare earth mine, it is compared with the deformation stage model of slope body. It is found that the surface displacement of each monitoring point changes directly from the creep stage to the stable stage, which indicates that the slope body in the measuring line area is basically in a stable state. Based on the monitoring data of slope surface displacement in Dongjiang rare earth mine, the empirical mode decomposition method is used to Denoise the slope body, which makes the displacement movement trend of slope more obvious and evaluates the stability in advance. The results show that the slope body of line 1 is in the stable stage. The measuring line 2 slope is in the sliding stage. (4) taking the pore water pressure equivalent water head as the early warning value when it reaches the surface of the slope body, the pore water pressure early warning model is established. Using this model, the early warning values from point 1 to point 6 are 68.0k Pa,20.0k Pa,31.5 k Pa,47.5 k Pa,31.0 k Pa, respectively. 22.0 k Pa. (5) the measured value of earth barometer is equal to the cross section stress of unbalanced thrust. The earth pressure early warning model is established by taking the measured value of earth pressure when the safety factor is 1.5 as the early warning value. Using this model, the earth pressure early warning values from point 1 to point 6 are 57.85k Pa,468.28 k Pa,467.68 k Pa,51.47 k Pa,35.13k Pa,53.23 k Pa., respectively.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：江西理工大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2015
【分類號】：TD854.6;P642.22

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