發(fā)布時(shí)間：2019-05-18 11:30

【摘要】：為保證城市用水的供應(yīng)和市區(qū)泉水的噴涌,濟(jì)南市已經(jīng)在市區(qū)西部和南部的泉域補(bǔ)水區(qū)開(kāi)展了一系列的含水層補(bǔ)給管理(MAR)項(xiàng)目工程。然而,由于回灌水水質(zhì)不理想,不管以何種方式進(jìn)行地下水回灌都會(huì)面臨著含水層堵塞的問(wèn)題。本文針對(duì)利用黃河水進(jìn)行地下水回灌過(guò)程中產(chǎn)生的含水層堵塞問(wèn)題,研究區(qū)選擇在濟(jì)南市西南的玉符河強(qiáng)滲漏帶區(qū)域。采用野外監(jiān)測(cè)、取樣化驗(yàn)和室內(nèi)沙柱模擬試驗(yàn)相結(jié)合的方式,研究玉符河強(qiáng)滲漏帶利用黃河水進(jìn)行回灌過(guò)程中的含水層堵塞形式、堵塞影響因素、顆粒物來(lái)源與微觀運(yùn)動(dòng)以及地下水回灌效果,同時(shí)野外監(jiān)測(cè)的數(shù)據(jù)也能夠?qū)υ囼?yàn)結(jié)果進(jìn)行檢驗(yàn)。本文取得的結(jié)論如下:(1)玉符河強(qiáng)滲漏帶黃河水回灌過(guò)程中主要存在著含水層物理堵塞的風(fēng)險(xiǎn),而其他如化學(xué)堵塞、生物堵塞和機(jī)械堵塞均不是本區(qū)域內(nèi)含水層面臨的主要問(wèn)題。本區(qū)域內(nèi)含水層物理堵塞的主要影響因素為顆粒物含量和回灌水水頭高度,其中顆粒物包括內(nèi)源性顆粒物和外源性顆粒物。(2)在沙柱堵塞方面,外源性顆粒物的濃度越大,沙柱堵塞的越快且越密實(shí),外源性顆粒物濃度的增加會(huì)促進(jìn)內(nèi)源性顆粒物向下的移動(dòng)和積累,外源性顆粒物濃度的高低不會(huì)影響穩(wěn)定狀態(tài)下的沙柱滲透系數(shù);低水頭條件更易加劇內(nèi)源性顆粒物引起的堵塞,而高水頭條件更易將顆粒物帶入沙柱的較深層,造成沙柱的深層堵塞,從總體上來(lái)看,回灌水水頭越高,造成的沙柱堵塞程度越大。在沙柱出流水水質(zhì)方面,外源性顆粒物濃度的大小直接影響穩(wěn)定狀態(tài)下沙柱的出流濁度,濃度越大出流濁度也越大,內(nèi)源性顆粒物的存在對(duì)于回灌過(guò)程中濁度的控制至關(guān)重要;回灌水的水頭不會(huì)對(duì)穩(wěn)定狀態(tài)下沙柱的出流濁度產(chǎn)生影響。(3)試驗(yàn)后沙柱上層顆粒物質(zhì)量達(dá)到了原沙的1.4倍,下層顆粒物質(zhì)量為原沙的1.2倍,而中層顆粒物質(zhì)量與原沙相差不大。外源性顆粒物主要積累在沙柱上層,而內(nèi)源性顆粒物主要積累在沙柱下層,沙柱內(nèi)細(xì)微顆粒物質(zhì)量呈現(xiàn)出“兩頭大,中間小”的現(xiàn)象,玉符河強(qiáng)滲漏帶含水層的較淺層與較深層的堵塞值得注意。從微觀上來(lái)看,內(nèi)源性細(xì)微顆粒物中粒徑在1μm~10μm區(qū)間和50μm~74μm區(qū)間的細(xì)微顆粒物移動(dòng)性較弱、整體表現(xiàn)出積累,而粒徑在10μm~50μm區(qū)間內(nèi)移動(dòng)性較強(qiáng)、整體表現(xiàn)出外排,而外源性細(xì)微顆粒物的各個(gè)粒徑區(qū)間在沙柱中的移動(dòng)和積累則比較均勻。(4)觀測(cè)井內(nèi)地下水水位隨著玉符河補(bǔ)水量的增加而升高,通過(guò)玉符河強(qiáng)滲漏帶補(bǔ)充地下水水量取得了很好的效果;通過(guò)玉符河強(qiáng)滲漏帶含水層的濾除作用,回灌水的水質(zhì)得到了很大的改善;同時(shí)檢測(cè)數(shù)據(jù)也驗(yàn)證了沙柱試驗(yàn)的結(jié)果,說(shuō)明沙柱試驗(yàn)的結(jié)果可以在玉符河強(qiáng)滲漏帶實(shí)地應(yīng)用。(5)野外采集的原沙中細(xì)微顆粒物含量為5%左右,通過(guò)試驗(yàn)分析得到沙樣堵塞最大細(xì)微顆粒物質(zhì)量比為7.2%。從玉符河強(qiáng)滲漏帶含水層結(jié)構(gòu)的顆粒物容量以及堵塞的角度來(lái)講,目前玉符河人工回灌工程運(yùn)行“健康”,玉符河強(qiáng)滲漏帶依然有著很長(zhǎng)的回灌“壽命”。本文的研究結(jié)果對(duì)于本區(qū)域內(nèi)的回灌工程的選址、回灌水量、回灌時(shí)間、回灌的安全性和持續(xù)性以及回灌后對(duì)于地下水環(huán)境和水質(zhì)的影響都有著一定的指導(dǎo)意義,同樣對(duì)于水文地質(zhì)條件相似的地區(qū)也有著一定的參考價(jià)值。
[Abstract]:In order to ensure the supply of urban water and the surge of spring water, Jinan has carried out a series of water-bearing recharge management (MAR) project projects in the water-replenishing area of the spring area in the west and south of the city. However, since the water-return water quality is not ideal, the problem that the aquifer is blocked can be faced regardless of the manner in which the groundwater recharge is carried out. In the light of the problem of the water-bearing block that is produced in the process of groundwater recharge by using the Yellow River, the research area is selected in the area of the strong seepage zone of the jade in the southwest of Jinan. The method of combination of field monitoring, sampling test and indoor sand column simulation test is adopted to study the blocking form of the aquifer, the influencing factors, the source of the particulate matter and the micro-movement and the recharge effect of the groundwater during the recharge process by the yellow river water, At the same time, the data of field monitoring can also be tested for the test results. The results of this paper are as follows: (1) The risk of physical blockage of the aquifer is mainly in the process of the recharge of the Yellow River, while others, such as chemical blockage, biological blockage and mechanical blockage, are not the main problems facing the aquifer in the region. The main influencing factors of the physical blockage of the aquifer in the region are the particulate matter content and the height of the return water head, wherein the particulate matter includes the endogenous particulate matter and the exogenous particulate matter. (2) In the aspect of the blocking of the sand column, the greater the concentration of the exogenous particulate matter, the faster and more dense the sand column is blocked, and the increase of the concentration of the exogenous particulate matter can promote the downward movement and accumulation of the endogenous particulate matter, the concentration of the exogenous particulate matter does not affect the permeability coefficient of the sand column under the stable state; the low head condition is more likely to increase the blockage caused by the endogenous particulate matter, and the high water head condition is more likely to bring the particulate matter into the deeper layer of the sand column, so that the deep layer of the sand column is blocked, The higher the water head, the greater the clogging degree of the sand column. in that aspect of the water quality of the sand column, the concentration of the exogenous particulate matter is directly affect the discharge turbidity of the sand column in a stable state, the greater the concentration and the greater the turbidity, and the presence of the endogenous particulate matter is critical to the control of the turbidity in the recharge process; The head of the return water does not affect the discharge turbidity of the sand column in the steady state. (3) The mass of the upper layer of the sand column after the test is 1.4 times that of the original sand, and the mass of the lower layer is 1.2 times that of the original sand, and the mass of the middle layer particulate matter is not much different from that of the original sand. The exogenous particulate matter is mainly accumulated on the upper layer of the sand column, and the intrinsic particulate matter is mainly accumulated in the lower layer of the sand column, and the mass of the fine particles in the sand column shows the "The two ends are big, the middle is small" phenomenon, and the shallow and deeper blockage of the strong leakage zone of the Yulian river is worth noting. The particle size of the endogenous fine particles in the interval of 1. m to 10. m u.m and the interval of 50. m to 74. m And the movement and accumulation of the particles of the exogenous fine particles in the sand column are more uniform. (4) The water level of the groundwater in the observation well is increased with the increase of the amount of the water of the jade and the water of the underground water is supplemented by the strong seepage of the jade. The results of the sand column test are also verified by the data, and the results of the sand column test show that the results of the sand column test can be applied in the field of the strong leakage of the jade. And (5) the content of the fine particles in the raw sand collected in the field is about 5 percent, and the mass ratio of the sand-like blocking maximum fine particulate matter is 7.2 percent through the test analysis. In terms of the particle capacity and the blocking angle of the water-bearing structure of the strong seepage of the Yulian River, the present "health" of the artificial recharge of the Yufu River and the strong leakage zone of the Yulian River still have a long reinjection "life". The results of this paper are of great significance to the site selection of the recharge project in the region, the recharge volume, the recharge time, the safety and the continuity of the recharge, and the effect of the recharge on the groundwater environment and the water quality. It also has a certain reference value to the area similar to the hydrogeology condition.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：濟(jì)南大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級(jí)別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2017
【分類號(hào)】：P641.25

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本文編號(hào)：2479958