【摘要】：深部巖石力學(xué)問題是巖石力學(xué)與地下工程領(lǐng)域研究的焦點(diǎn)問題,在深部地下工程開采過程中,深部巖石由于開挖卸荷致使巖體應(yīng)力重分布,儲(chǔ)存在巖石內(nèi)的能量突然釋放出來,致使巖爆災(zāi)害的產(chǎn)生。巖爆發(fā)生機(jī)理極為復(fù)雜,與深部巖體所處的周邊環(huán)境密切相關(guān)。在深部地下環(huán)境中,深部巖石受到高地應(yīng)力產(chǎn)生的靜載以及工程擾動(dòng)或地震產(chǎn)生的動(dòng)載共同作用。此外,酸性水溶液廣泛存在于地下深部工程,深部巖石長(zhǎng)期處于酸性溶液浸泡,其力學(xué)性能與淺部巖石完全不同�；诘叵律畈抗こ痰膶�(shí)際情況,本文開展了酸化巖石在動(dòng)靜組合作用下的力學(xué)性能及巖爆機(jī)理研究,為深部地下工程的巖爆機(jī)理研究以及巖爆預(yù)測(cè)提供參考。首先,采用取芯機(jī)及磨石機(jī)對(duì)巖石進(jìn)行取芯并打磨,制備大理巖及紅砂巖的巖石試樣,采用切割機(jī)將巖樣尺寸制定為50×25mm以及50×100mm的圓柱體試件。其次,將濃鹽酸用水稀釋,配制得到PH=4的酸性溶液,并用PH測(cè)試筆進(jìn)行溶液PH值的測(cè)定,將上述試樣置于該酸性溶液中養(yǎng)護(hù)30d,所測(cè)得的每隔12小時(shí)酸性溶液的PH值后用膠頭滴管滴加鹽酸保持溶液酸性維持在PH=4,利用萬能壓力試驗(yàn)機(jī)測(cè)得巖石的單軸抗壓強(qiáng)度以及單軸抗拉強(qiáng)度。然后在霍普金森壓桿上進(jìn)行動(dòng)靜組合作用下巖石的動(dòng)態(tài)力學(xué)試驗(yàn),采用二波法對(duì)試驗(yàn)數(shù)據(jù)進(jìn)行處理得到了巖樣的動(dòng)態(tài)破壞應(yīng)力-應(yīng)變關(guān)系曲線,并根據(jù)能量理論對(duì)巖爆動(dòng)力學(xué)機(jī)理進(jìn)行了研究。本文研究得出如下結(jié)論:1、化學(xué)腐蝕作用下巖石單軸抗壓及抗拉強(qiáng)度顯著下降,且單軸抗壓強(qiáng)度較抗拉強(qiáng)度下降更為明顯。大理巖較紅砂巖的質(zhì)量損傷更大,且大理巖的力學(xué)性能比紅砂巖變化的更為明顯。2、在沖擊動(dòng)載作用下,酸化后紅砂巖的動(dòng)態(tài)抗壓強(qiáng)度遠(yuǎn)大于酸化后大理巖的動(dòng)態(tài)抗壓強(qiáng)度,且紅砂巖與大理巖的動(dòng)態(tài)抗壓強(qiáng)度均隨著沖擊氣壓的增大而增大。軸向靜載及圍壓能顯著提高巖石的動(dòng)態(tài)抗壓強(qiáng)度。3、在一維及三維動(dòng)靜組合作用下,隨著沖擊氣壓或平均應(yīng)變率的增加,巖樣破碎的碎塊顆粒直徑明顯降低,有著顯著的應(yīng)變率相關(guān)性。4、動(dòng)靜組合作用下酸化紅砂巖的動(dòng)態(tài)抗壓強(qiáng)度隨著紅砂巖吸收能量的增大而增大,經(jīng)計(jì)算發(fā)現(xiàn)本試驗(yàn)中的酸化巖石不具有巖爆傾向性。
[Abstract]:The problem of deep rock mechanics is the focus of research in the field of rock mechanics and underground engineering. In the process of deep underground engineering mining, the stress redistribution of rock mass is caused by excavation and unloading of deep rock, and the energy stored in the rock is suddenly released. Resulting in the emergence of rock burst disasters. The mechanism of rock burst is very complex, which is closely related to the surrounding environment of deep rock mass. In the deep underground environment, the deep rock is subjected to the static load caused by the high ground stress and the dynamic load caused by the engineering disturbance or earthquake. In addition, acidic aqueous solution widely exists in deep underground engineering, and the deep rock is immersed in acidic solution for a long time, and its mechanical properties are completely different from those of shallow rock. Based on the actual situation of deep underground engineering, the mechanical properties and rock burst mechanism of acidified rock under the action of dynamic and static combination are studied in this paper, which provides a reference for the study of rock burst mechanism and rock burst prediction of deep underground engineering. Firstly, the rock samples of marble and red sandstone are prepared by coring and grinding with coring machine and grinding machine, and the cylinder specimens with the size of 50 脳 25mm and 50 脳 100mm are determined by cutting machine. Secondly, the acid solution of PH=4 was prepared by dilute the concentrated hydrochloric acid with water, and the PH value of the solution was determined by PH test pen, and the sample was preserved in the acidic solution for 30 days. The PH value of the acid solution was measured every 12 hours, and then the acid of the solution was maintained by adding hydrochloric acid to the rubber drop tube. The uniaxial compressive strength and uniaxial tensile strength of the rock were measured by the universal pressure tester in PH=4,. Then the dynamic mechanical test of rock under the action of dynamic and static combination is carried out on Hopkinson pressure bar, and the dynamic failure stress-strain relationship curve of rock sample is obtained by using two-wave method to process the test data. According to the energy theory, the dynamic mechanism of rock burst is studied. In this paper, the following conclusions are drawn: 1. The uniaxial compressive strength and tensile strength of rock under chemical corrosion are significantly decreased, and the uniaxial compressive strength is more obvious than the tensile strength. The mass damage of Dali rock is greater than that of red sandstone, and the mechanical properties of marble are more obvious than those of red sandstone. 2. Under impact dynamic load, the dynamic compressive strength of acidified red sandstone is much greater than that of acidified marble. The dynamic compressive strength of red sandstone and marble increases with the increase of impact pressure. Axial static load and confining pressure can significantly improve the dynamic compressive strength of rock. 3. Under the action of one-dimensional and three-dimensional dynamic and static combination, with the increase of impact pressure or average strain rate, the particle diameter of broken rock sample decreases obviously. There is a significant strain rate correlation. 4. The dynamic compressive strength of acidified red sandstone increases with the increase of absorption energy of red sandstone under the action of dynamic and static combination. It is found that the acidified rock in this experiment does not have rockburst tendency.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：華東交通大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級(jí)別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2017
【分類號(hào)】：TU45

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本文編號(hào)：2479019