【摘要】：砂礫巖在我國廣泛分布,但其具有近物源、厚度大、相變快的特點,儲層細分難,流體精確識別難度大,其非均質(zhì)性強、復模態(tài)孔喉結(jié)構(gòu),參數(shù)計算精度低,好差儲層區(qū)分困難等特點。本文以柴達木盆地昆北油田切12區(qū)下干柴溝組下段(以下簡稱E31)為例,形成了一套扇三角洲相砂礫巖儲層厚層細分方法,厘清了儲層特征、控制因素及分類方法,提高了砂礫巖儲層的物性解釋精度和流體識別符合度。(1)形成了一套砂礫巖儲層細分研究方法,首先利用巖心和電成像資料建立完整的沉積時間單元的巖石序列及不同沉積時問單元的接觸特征,結(jié)合巖電對比,建立了常規(guī)測井曲線的中子、聲波曲線刻度法和中子曲線小波分析法厚層細分方法,目的層劃分成三個沉積時間單元,開展了全區(qū)閉合對比。(2)研究區(qū)儲層的物源來自柴達木盆地西部的阿拉爾水系,主要發(fā)育辮狀河三角洲的平原、前緣兩個亞相,主要微相類型是分流河道、水下分流河道及河口壩。(3)通過“四性關系”分析,結(jié)合生產(chǎn)動態(tài)資料,確定了流體定量識別標準,形成了以全烴值作為判別油氣的一種快速識別方法,并且分段(擴徑段、非擴徑段)、分巖性(砂巖、礫巖)建立物性參數(shù)解釋模型,與生產(chǎn)動態(tài)一致。(4)研究區(qū)儲層主要巖性為砂礫巖和砂巖,儲層孔隙度平均為10.5%,滲透率為3.8mD,屬于低孔特低滲儲層,物性主要隨著粘土含量和粒度變小而變好,并且砂巖對此敏感性要大于砂礫巖,分選性對物性影響居次,碳酸鹽含量影響弱；選用儲層品質(zhì)因子和壓汞孔喉結(jié)構(gòu)參數(shù)將儲層分成四類,其中Ⅰ類儲層的RQI因子大于1.2,排驅(qū)壓力小于0.2MPa,孔隙度大于13%,滲透率大于15mD,含油性為油浸級別,占3%,Ⅱ類儲層的RQI因子1.2-0.35之間,排驅(qū)壓力0.2-0.4MPa,孔隙度大于10%-13%,滲透率大于1mD-15mD,含油性為含油-油斑級別,占8%,Ⅲ類儲層的RQI因子0.35-0.22之間,排驅(qū)壓力0.4-1.3MPa,孔隙度大于10%-8.3%,滲透率大于1mD-0.4mD,含油性為油斑-油跡級別,占50%,Ⅳ類RQI因子小于0.22之間,排驅(qū)壓力大于1.3MPa,孔隙度小8.3%,滲透率小于0.4mD,巖心無顯示,占39%,前三類是主要的油氣賦存類型；利用核磁共振和壓汞進行有效評價,前三類儲層的中大孔隙比例一般為30%-35%,中孔比例一般為30%-40%,其余為小孔隙。(5)Ⅰ、Ⅱ、Ⅲ類儲層含水上升快,通過注水量下調(diào)減緩平面矛盾,Ⅳ類儲層的水井通過酸化、增壓注水手段增加注水量補充地層能量,Ⅳ類儲層的油井通過壓裂、完善注采井網(wǎng)提高單井產(chǎn)量。
[Abstract]:Greccia is widely distributed in China, but it has the characteristics of near-provenance, large thickness, fast phase transformation, difficult reservoir subdivision, difficult accurate identification of fluid, strong heterogeneity, complex modal pore-throat structure, and low precision of parameter calculation. The poor reservoir is difficult to distinguish and so on. Taking the lower section of Xiaganchaigou formation (hereinafter referred to as E31) as an example, this paper has formed a set of subdividing methods of fan delta facies sand-gravel reservoir thick layer, and clarified the reservoir characteristics, controlling factors and classification methods, and made clear the reservoir characteristics, the controlling factors and the classification method of the reservoir in the lower section of Xiaganchaigou formation in Kunbei Oilfield. The accuracy of physical interpretation and the coincidence of fluid identification are improved. (1) A set of subdivided research methods of sand-gravel reservoir is formed. Firstly, by using the core and electrical imaging data, the complete rock sequence of sedimentary time unit and the contact characteristics of different sedimentary time units are established, and the neutron of conventional logging curve is established based on the comparison of rock and electricity. The acoustic wave curve calibration method and neutron curve wavelet analysis thick layer subdivision method, the target layer is divided into three sedimentary time units, the whole area closed correlation has been carried out. (2) the source of the reservoir in the study area comes from the Alar water system in the west of Qaidam Basin. The plain of braided river delta is mainly developed with two subfacies in front of it. The main microfacies are distributary channel, underwater distributary channel and estuary dam. (3) through the analysis of "four sexual relations", combined with production dynamic data, the main microfacies are distributary channel, underwater distributary channel and estuary dam. The quantitative identification standard of fluid is determined, and a rapid identification method is formed by using the total hydrocarbon value as a fast identification method to distinguish oil and gas, and the interpretation model of physical parameters is established by dividing lithology (sandstone and conglomerate) into sections (expanding section and non-expanding section). (4) the main lithology of the study area is sand conglomerate and sandstone, the average porosity of reservoir is 10.5%, the permeability is 3.8mD, it belongs to low porosity and ultra low permeability reservoir. The physical properties become better with the decrease of clay content and grain size, and the sensitivity of sandstone is greater than that of sand-conglomerate, the influence of separability on physical properties is secondary, and the influence of carbonate content is weak. The reservoir quality factor and mercury pore throat structure parameters are used to divide the reservoir into four types. The RQI factor of type 鈪，

本文編號：2462545