【摘要】：隧道工程修建于地殼表層,位于地下水最為活躍的部位。隧道的開挖,極有可能使其四周特別是上部地質(zhì)內(nèi)的地下水和地表水在此匯集,或者形成新的排泄通道,進而影響地下水的分布格局,對當?shù)氐叵滤h(huán)境產(chǎn)生一定的影響。若在隧道施工過程中,肆意排放地下水而不對其進行封堵,將會使地下水水量減少、水位下降,使得一定深度內(nèi)的地下水甚至地表水被疏干,這將造成影響半徑范圍內(nèi)的地下水露頭減少,導致井泉、溶洞、暗河以及與地下水密切相連的地表水體等的水量不同程度的減小或消失,直接或間接影響當?shù)鼐用竦纳�、生產(chǎn)。玉京山隧道作為成貴鐵路樂山至貴陽段的重點隧道,其隧頂及兩側(cè)除分布有井、泉、暗河、溪溝外,作為飲用水源的扎西水庫和后山飲水工程水源點也在其附近。本文擬分析預測該隧道開挖對地下水環(huán)境的影響以提出切實可行的保護措施。論文首先在現(xiàn)場踏勘、收集資料的基礎(chǔ)上,對隧道的工程地質(zhì)、水文地質(zhì)、巖溶發(fā)育情況及水源點概況進行分析,并采用地下徑流模數(shù)法和大氣降水入滲法對隧道的涌水量進行了預測,同時在Modflow地下水數(shù)值模擬軟件的支持下,對隧址區(qū)地下水滲流場進行模擬,得出了隧道施工期間的疏干排水影響半徑：D3K278+010～D3K279+740段最大影響半徑為806.6m; D3K279+740～D3K280+720段最大影響半徑為1773.1m; D3K280+720～D3K282+120段最大影響半徑為7513m;D3K282+120～ D1K285+012段最大影響半徑為2006.2m。扎西水庫和后山飲水工程水源點均在影響半徑之內(nèi)。針對此影響,本文提出了保護措施,最終設(shè)計出一套適用于本隧道的地下水監(jiān)控方案,以期給類似涉及飲用水源的巖溶隧道以參考。
[Abstract]:The tunnel project is built on the surface of the earth's crust and is located in the most active part of the ground water. The excavation of the tunnel is likely to bring the groundwater and surface water around the tunnel, especially in the upper part of the tunnel, together, or form a new drainage channel, which will affect the distribution pattern of groundwater and have a certain impact on the local groundwater environment. In the course of tunnel construction, if groundwater is discharged indiscriminately without blocking it, the groundwater quantity will be reduced, the water level will be lowered, and the groundwater and even the surface water in a certain depth will be drained. This will result in the reduction of groundwater outcrops within the radius of influence, resulting in the reduction or disappearance of the volume of water in wells, caves, dark rivers and surface water bodies closely connected to groundwater to varying degrees, directly or indirectly affecting the lives of the local population, Production. Yujingshan Tunnel is a key tunnel between Leshan and Guiyang of Chenggui Railway. Besides well, spring, dark river and Xigou, the water source point of Zaxi Reservoir and Houshan drinking Water Project, which is a drinking water source, is also near the top and both sides of the tunnel. In this paper, the influence of tunnel excavation on groundwater environment is analyzed and predicted in order to put forward practical protection measures. Firstly, on the basis of on-the-spot survey and data collection, this paper analyzes the engineering geology, hydrogeology, karst development and the general situation of water source points of the tunnel. The underground runoff modulus method and precipitation infiltration method are used to predict the tunnel water inrush. At the same time, with the support of Modflow groundwater numerical simulation software, the groundwater seepage field in the tunnel area is simulated. The influence radius of drainage during tunnel construction is obtained: the maximum influence radius of D3K278 010~D3K279 740 section is 806.6m; The maximum influence radius of D3K279 740~D3K280 720 segment is 1773.1m, and the maximum influence radius of D3K280 720~D3K282 section is 7513m, D3K282 120 ~ D1K285 012 section is 2006.2 m. The water source points of Zaxi Reservoir and Houshan drinking Water Project are within the radius of influence. In view of this effect, this paper puts forward protection measures, and finally designs a set of groundwater monitoring scheme suitable for this tunnel, in order to provide reference for karst tunnels similar to those involving drinking water sources.
【學位授予單位】：西南交通大學
【學位級別】：碩士
【學位授予年份】：2015
【分類號】：P641.8

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本文編號：2460695