【摘要】：地震面波勘探是調(diào)查淺層地質(zhì)結(jié)構(gòu)的重要方法,面波數(shù)據(jù)的頻散與地下介質(zhì)速度為非線性數(shù)學(xué)模型,實(shí)測(cè)多道面波數(shù)據(jù)能夠反演橫波速度信息。面波頻散特征提取及非線性反演求解是該方法主要的處理環(huán)節(jié),他們需要借助于可視化軟件工具進(jìn)行處理,因此能具備地震面波數(shù)據(jù)顯示及編輯、頻散曲線交互拾取和反演結(jié)果顯示是面波處理可視化軟件的基本需求。本文利用C++及QT跨平臺(tái)工具包開發(fā)了多道面波數(shù)據(jù)反演交互軟件。從該軟件的需求展開討論,包括地震數(shù)據(jù)編輯與顯示、面波數(shù)據(jù)處理與反演和軟件交互操作三個(gè)部分�；谏鲜鲂枨笤O(shè)計(jì)該軟件功能,包括了界面設(shè)計(jì)模塊、算法設(shè)計(jì)模塊和交互設(shè)計(jì)模塊。根據(jù)面向?qū)ο蟮能浖O(shè)計(jì)方法,設(shè)計(jì)如下相應(yīng)的對(duì)象類:結(jié)構(gòu)類、繪圖類、文件類和運(yùn)算類等。通過(guò)上述模塊化分析和設(shè)計(jì),有利于程序擴(kuò)展升級(jí),方便軟件測(cè)試和維護(hù)。基于地震面波頻散分析理論及非線性反演算法,開發(fā)了地震面波交互反演軟件,該軟件具備以下基本功能:(1)實(shí)現(xiàn)對(duì)SEGY地震數(shù)據(jù)格式文件I/O操作,對(duì)SEGY文件頭和道頭的數(shù)據(jù)進(jìn)行處理;(2)在運(yùn)算類中添加二維離散傅里葉變換、頻散計(jì)算和遺傳算法等相關(guān)的地震面波算法,并通過(guò)調(diào)用運(yùn)算類將地震數(shù)據(jù)運(yùn)算所得到的數(shù)據(jù)添加到相應(yīng)文件類中;(3)在QT中編寫一系列繪圖函數(shù),并調(diào)用文件類,可以分別繪制出地震面波的時(shí)間域圖、頻率域圖、頻散曲線圖、地質(zhì)剖面圖,設(shè)計(jì)界面顯示各類地震面波反演前后差異圖和誤差分析圖;(4)加入鼠標(biāo)和鍵盤的交互拾取功能,實(shí)現(xiàn)圖形放大縮小功能、拖動(dòng)功能以及在頻率域圖和頻散曲線圖內(nèi)拾點(diǎn)拖動(dòng)功能;(5)自定義設(shè)置多類型對(duì)話框?qū)崿F(xiàn)自我選擇地震面波數(shù)據(jù)、自我選擇地震面波道的功能和實(shí)時(shí)修改地震面波反演參數(shù)功能。該軟件在QT上編寫,在VC上調(diào)試,實(shí)現(xiàn)一個(gè)地震面波處理成像和反演交互的界面軟件,很好的滿足了人機(jī)交互的聯(lián)動(dòng)。
[Abstract]:Seismic surface wave exploration is an important method to investigate shallow geological structure. The dispersion of surface wave data and the velocity of underground medium are nonlinear mathematical models. The measured multi-channel surface wave data can retrieve the shear wave velocity information. Surface wave dispersion feature extraction and nonlinear inversion are the main processing links of this method. They need to be processed by means of visual software tools, so they can display and edit seismic surface wave data. The interactive pick-up and inversion results of dispersion curves are the basic requirements of visualization software for surface wave processing. In this paper, the interactive software of multi-channel surface wave data inversion is developed by using C and QT cross-platform toolkit. This paper discusses the requirements of the software, including seismic data editing and display, surface wave data processing and inversion, and software interactive operation. The function of the software is designed based on the above requirements, including interface design module, algorithm design module and interaction design module. According to the method of object-oriented software design, the corresponding object classes are designed as follows: structure class, drawing class, file class and operation class. Through the above modular analysis and design, it is beneficial to expand and upgrade the program and facilitate software testing and maintenance. Based on the theory of seismic surface wave dispersion analysis and nonlinear inversion algorithm, a seismic surface wave interactive inversion software has been developed. The software has the following basic functions: (1) implement the operation of SEGY seismic data format file I / O; Processing the data of SEGY file head and header; (2) the two-dimensional discrete Fourier transform, dispersion calculation and genetic algorithm are added to the operation class, and the data obtained from the seismic data operation is added to the corresponding file class by calling the operation class; (3) compiling a series of drawing functions in QT and calling the file class, we can draw out the time domain map, frequency distribution graph and geological section map of seismic surface wave respectively. The design interface shows all kinds of seismic surface wave inversion before and after the difference map and error analysis map; (4) adding the interactive pick-up function of mouse and keyboard to realize the function of magnifying and shrinking graphics, dragging function and picking up points in frequency domain diagram and frequency dispersion graph; (5) the function of self-selecting seismic surface wave data, self-selecting seismic surface wave trace and real-time modifying seismic surface wave inversion parameters can be realized by self-defining multi-type dialog box. The software is written on QT and debugged on VC to realize an interactive interface software of seismic surface wave processing imaging and inversion, which satisfies the interaction of man-machine interaction well.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：中國(guó)地質(zhì)大學(xué)(北京)
【學(xué)位級(jí)別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2017
【分類號(hào)】：P631.4

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