【摘要】：末次間冰期以來氣候變化的研究是當前古氣候研究的熱點之一。對末次間冰期以來氣候變化進行系統(tǒng)研究,找出氣候變化在地球演化歷史中的規(guī)律,有助于我們更好的理解氣候系統(tǒng),同時也有助于我們更加準確的預測未來氣候的發(fā)展趨勢。新疆地區(qū)位于中亞干旱區(qū),氣候變化復雜,目前對新疆地區(qū)末次間冰期以來系統(tǒng)的沉積物記錄研究較少,對其干旱化歷史和驅動機制仍缺乏足夠的了解。本文對天山北麓柏楊河黃土剖面粒度、環(huán)境磁學和有機碳含量等參數進行了系統(tǒng)測定,選取合適的參數作為氣候代用指標。通過氣候代用指標曲線與深海氧同位素曲線的對比獲得了可靠的年代控制點,在此基礎上恢復和重建了新疆地區(qū)末次間冰期以來的氣候演變歷史,將重建的氣候演化歷史與西風區(qū)其他黃土剖面記錄及格陵蘭GRIP冰芯記錄進行對比,主要得到以下認識:柏楊河黃土粒度較粗,粒級組分以粉砂為主,與黃土高原黃土和新疆其他地區(qū)黃土的粒度特征一致。黃土主要為近源粉塵沉積,遠源粉塵較少。磁性礦物以亞鐵磁性礦物為主,磁性礦物含量遠低于黃土高原黃土;原生碎屑磁性礦物含量較多,后期成壤過程形成的次生磁性礦物含量較少;磁性礦物磁晶體粒徑較粗。有機碳含量較低,且在整個剖面上變化不大。新疆地區(qū)末次間冰期以來的氣候變化特征為:1)末次間冰期以前(148.6～130kaBP)風動力較強,氣候較為干旱。2)末次間冰期130～120kaBP期間風動力強度較弱,雖然由于蒸發(fā)量的快速增加,氣候沒有明顯變濕,但仍有一層古土壤發(fā)育;120～96kaBP期間風動力強度增加,氣候變干;96～71kaBP期間風動力強度再次減弱,并伴隨區(qū)域濕潤程度的顯著增加,暖濕的氣候使該時期發(fā)育了一個較明顯的古土壤層。3)末次冰期71～57kaBP期間風動力強度顯著增加,同樣是由于蒸發(fā)量的影響,氣候沒有明顯變干,還處于較濕潤的狀態(tài);57～29ka BP是末次冰期氣候較為溫暖的時期,風動力強度減弱,區(qū)域濕潤程度增加;29～14kaBP期間氣候再次發(fā)生劇烈變化,氣候向冷干的方向發(fā)展。4)14kaBP以來風動力強度逐漸減弱,區(qū)域濕潤程度逐漸增加。柏楊河剖面末次間冰期以來的氣候記錄與西風區(qū)其他黃土剖面的記錄具有很好的對應關系:冰期或者冰階時,風動力強度較強,氣候較為干旱;間冰期或者間冰階時,風動力強度較弱,氣候較為濕潤;表明西風區(qū)末次間冰期以來的氣候變化具有一致性特征。進一步與格陵蘭GRIP冰芯記錄對比發(fā)現(xiàn),西風區(qū)黃土記錄與GRIP冰芯記錄在軌道尺度和亞軌道尺度上都具有較高的可對比性。末次冰期時在北大西洋地區(qū)普遍發(fā)生的氣候快速波動事件在西風區(qū)的黃土記錄中同樣存在,指示了西風區(qū)末次間冰期以來氣候變化與北大西洋地區(qū)氣候變化具有密切的關系。
[Abstract]:The study of climate change since the last interglacial age is one of the hotspots of paleoclimate research. A systematic study of climate change since the last interglacial age to find out the law of climate change in the evolution history of the earth will help us to better understand the climate system and at the same time help us predict the development trend of the climate in the future more accurately. Xinjiang is located in the arid region of Central Asia with complex climate change. At present, there is little research on systematic sediment records since the last interglacial age in Xinjiang, and there is still a lack of sufficient understanding of its arid history and driving mechanism. In this paper, the grain size, environmental magnetism and organic carbon content of the loess section of Baiyang River in the northern foot of Tianshan Mountains have been systematically measured, and appropriate parameters have been selected as climatic substitute indexes. A reliable chronological control point was obtained by comparing the climatic substitution index curve with the deep sea oxygen isotope curve. On this basis, the climatic evolution history since the last interglacial age in Xinjiang was restored and reconstructed. Comparing the reconstructed climatic evolution history with the records of other loess sections in the westerly region and the GRIP ice core records in Greenland, the main results are as follows: the size of the Baiyang River loess is coarse and the size of the loess is mainly composed of silty sand. It is consistent with the grain size characteristics of loess in Loess Plateau and other regions of Xinjiang. Loess is mainly near-source dust deposition, far-source dust is less. The main magnetic minerals are ferromagnetic minerals, the content of magnetic minerals is much lower than that of loess in Loess Plateau, the content of primary clastic magnetic minerals is more, the content of secondary magnetic minerals formed in the later stage of soil formation is less, and the magnetic crystals of magnetic minerals are coarse. The organic carbon content is low, and there is little change in the whole section. The characteristics of climate change since the last interglacial period in Xinjiang are as follows: 1) the wind dynamics before the last interglacial period (148.6~130kaBP) is stronger and the climate is relatively arid. 2) the wind dynamic intensity is weak during the last interglacial period during 130~120kaBP. Although the climate is not obviously wetted due to the rapid increase of evaporation, there is still a layer of paleosol development. During the period of 120~96kaBP, the intensity of wind power increases and the climate dries; The wind dynamic intensity decreased again during 96~71kaBP, accompanied by the significant increase of regional wetness, and the warm and wet climate resulted in the development of an obvious paleosol layer in this period. 3) during the last glacial period, the wind dynamic intensity increased significantly during the 71~57kaBP period. It is also due to the influence of evaporation, the climate is not obviously dry, it is still in a wetter state; 57~29ka BP is a warm period of climate in the last ice age, the intensity of wind power is weakened, and the degree of regional wetness is increased. During the period of 29~14kaBP, the climate changed violently again, and the climate developed to cold-dry direction. 4) since 14kaBP, the intensity of wind power gradually weakened, and the degree of regional wetness gradually increased. The climatic records since the last interglacial age of the Baiyanghe section have a good correspondence with the records of other loess sections in the westerly region: during the ice age or ice stage, the wind dynamic intensity is stronger and the climate is relatively dry; During the interglacial period or interglacial stage, the wind dynamic intensity is weak and the climate is relatively moist, which indicates that the climate change in the westerly area since the last interglacial age is consistent. Compared with the GRIP ice core records in Greenland, it is found that the loess records in the westerly region and the GRIP ice core records are highly comparable in both orbital and suborbital scales. The rapid climatic fluctuation in the North Atlantic during the last glacial age also exists in the loess records in the westerly region, indicating that the climate change in the westerly region has a close relationship with the climate change in the North Atlantic since the last interglacial age.
【學位授予單位】：蘭州大學
【學位級別】：碩士
【學位授予年份】：2015
【分類號】：P532

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