昆明市黑龍?zhí)稁r溶泉水氫氧穩(wěn)定同位素特征分析
發(fā)布時間：2019-03-18 12:55
【摘要】：我國是世界上巖溶最發(fā)育的國家之一,巖溶分布廣泛,類型較多。在巖溶地區(qū),含水層的復(fù)雜性和特殊性加大了巖溶水的研究難度。而巖溶水往往通過巖溶泉的形式集中排泄到地表,故對巖溶泉的觀測研究成為我們認識巖溶水的突破口。 昆明市黑龍?zhí)段挥诶ッ魇斜苯嘉謇仙铰?是黑龍?zhí)稏|支斷裂在黑龍?zhí)陡浇懈钌畈繋r溶含水層并出露地表形成的。黑龍?zhí)冻雎队腥齻�巖溶泉：清水潭、渾水潭和小水潭,它們表現(xiàn)出不同的水文地質(zhì)特征,本文對這三個巖溶泉的氫氧穩(wěn)定同位素特征進行了為期近一年的監(jiān)測研究。在研究區(qū)采集大氣降水和泉水樣品并測定氫氧穩(wěn)定同位素值,獲得大量第一手基礎(chǔ)數(shù)據(jù),這對促進研究區(qū)地下水文系統(tǒng)特征及變化規(guī)律的認識十分有益。此外,黑龍?zhí)度虻娜齻�巖溶泉是國內(nèi)外研究較少涉及的高原斷陷盆地邊緣的巖溶泉,對其水文特征的研究,具有重要的理論和實踐意義。 本文通過對大氣降水和泉水氫氧穩(wěn)定同位素特征進行分析研究,以揭示研究區(qū)地下水文系統(tǒng)的特征。得到以下結(jié)論： 1、對大氣降水氫氧同位素的分析表明研究區(qū)大氣降水同位素組成的季節(jié)性差異顯著,存在降雨量效應(yīng)。利用大氣降水δ18O-δD關(guān)系建立當?shù)卮髿馑�：δD=7.63δ18O+2.08,將之與全球以及我國大氣水線相比,可以說明研究區(qū)氣候相對全球和全國平均水平而言較干熱,降水過程中受二次蒸發(fā)影響較大。 2、對泉水氫氧同位素的分析表明其具有與大氣降水相同的雨季偏輕、旱季偏重的趨勢,這說明泉水受降水水汽源地的影響。將泉水同位素組成和大氣水線進行對比,可知地下水來源于大氣降水,且主要源自夏季降水。通過高程效應(yīng)分析得知清水潭補給高程比小水潭和渾水潭大。泉水氘過量參數(shù)的分析表明各泉的渡越時間從長到短為：渾水潭、小水潭、清水潭。 3、利用高斯混合模型對泉水氫氧穩(wěn)定同位素數(shù)據(jù)進行分析,結(jié)果表明清水潭的補給不僅來源于野貓山地區(qū),還包括徑流過程中的入滲補給,而且入滲補給量并不小。渾水潭旱雨兩季補給類型有所區(qū)別。小水潭除受北部二疊系灰?guī)r含水層補給之外,很有可能也受東北部玄武巖山地的孔洞裂隙水補給。 4、利用大氣降水和泉水氫穩(wěn)定同位素值,通過集總式參數(shù)模型計算得出清水潭、渾水潭、小水潭地下水渡越時間為1.8周、5.8周、5.4周。另外通過經(jīng)驗公式計算得出清水潭、渾水潭、小水潭地下水渡越時間為2.1周、6.1周、5.7周。二者結(jié)論相似,可以相互佐證。
[Abstract]:China is one of the most developed karst countries in the world. In karst area, the complexity and particularity of aquifer make it more difficult to study karst water. The karst water tends to be discharged to the surface through the form of karst spring, so the observation and study of karst spring has become a breakthrough in our understanding of karst water. The black dragon pool in Kunming is located in the foothills of Wulaoshan in the northern suburb of Kunming. It is formed by the eastern branch fault of the black dragon pool cutting the deep karst aquifer near the black dragon pool and revealing the surface. There are three karst springs in black dragon pool: clear water pool, muddy water pool and small water pool. They show different hydrogeological characteristics. In this paper, the hydrogen and oxygen stable isotope characteristics of these three karst springs have been monitored for nearly a year. Collecting meteoric water and spring water samples in the study area and determining hydrogen and oxygen stable isotope values to obtain a large number of first-hand basic data, which is very helpful to promote the understanding of the characteristics and variation of the underground hydrological system in the study area. In addition, the three karst springs in the Helongtan spring region are the karst springs at the edge of the plateau fault basin, which are rarely studied at home and abroad. It is of great theoretical and practical significance to study the hydrological characteristics of the karst springs. This paper analyzes the characteristics of hydrogen and oxygen stable isotopes of atmospheric precipitation and spring water in order to reveal the characteristics of underground hydrological system in the study area. The results are as follows: 1. The analysis of hydrogen and oxygen isotopes in atmospheric precipitation shows that the seasonal difference of isotopic composition of atmospheric precipitation in the study area is significant and there is rainfall effect. According to 未 18O-未 D relationship of atmospheric precipitation, the local atmospheric water line is established: 未 Dx7.63 未 18O 2.08. Compared with the global and Chinese atmospheric waterline, the climate in the study area is more dry and hot than the global and national average. The precipitation process is greatly affected by secondary evaporation. 2. The analysis of hydrogen and oxygen isotopes of spring water shows that the spring has the same tendency of light rainy season and heavy dry season, which indicates that spring water is affected by the source of precipitation water vapor. Comparing the isotopic composition of spring water with the atmospheric waterline, we can see that groundwater comes from atmospheric precipitation, and mainly comes from summer precipitation. The height effect analysis shows that the replenishment elevation of clear water pool is larger than that of small water pool and muddy water pool. The analysis of deuterium excess parameters of spring shows that the transit time of each spring is from long to short: muddy water pool, small water pool and clear water pool. 3. Using Gao Si mixed model to analyze the hydrogen and oxygen stable isotope data of spring water, the results show that the recharge of Qingshui pool not only comes from Wildmaoshan area, but also includes infiltration recharge during runoff process, and the recharge amount of infiltration is not small. Muddy water pool dry rain two seasons of supply types are different. In addition to being replenished by the Permian limestone aquifer in the north, Xiaoshui pool may also be replenished by pore fissure water in the north-eastern basalt mountains. 4. By using the hydrogen stable isotope values of atmospheric precipitation and spring water, the groundwater transit time of clear water pool, muddy water pool and small water pool is 1.8 weeks, 5.8 weeks and 5.4 weeks, calculated by the lumped parameter model. In addition, the groundwater transit time of clear water pool, muddy water pool and small water pool is 2.1 weeks, 6.1 weeks, 5.7 weeks according to the empirical formula. The two conclusions are similar and can be corroborated by each other.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：云南大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2015
【分類號】：P641.3
本文編號：2442885
[Abstract]:China is one of the most developed karst countries in the world. In karst area, the complexity and particularity of aquifer make it more difficult to study karst water. The karst water tends to be discharged to the surface through the form of karst spring, so the observation and study of karst spring has become a breakthrough in our understanding of karst water. The black dragon pool in Kunming is located in the foothills of Wulaoshan in the northern suburb of Kunming. It is formed by the eastern branch fault of the black dragon pool cutting the deep karst aquifer near the black dragon pool and revealing the surface. There are three karst springs in black dragon pool: clear water pool, muddy water pool and small water pool. They show different hydrogeological characteristics. In this paper, the hydrogen and oxygen stable isotope characteristics of these three karst springs have been monitored for nearly a year. Collecting meteoric water and spring water samples in the study area and determining hydrogen and oxygen stable isotope values to obtain a large number of first-hand basic data, which is very helpful to promote the understanding of the characteristics and variation of the underground hydrological system in the study area. In addition, the three karst springs in the Helongtan spring region are the karst springs at the edge of the plateau fault basin, which are rarely studied at home and abroad. It is of great theoretical and practical significance to study the hydrological characteristics of the karst springs. This paper analyzes the characteristics of hydrogen and oxygen stable isotopes of atmospheric precipitation and spring water in order to reveal the characteristics of underground hydrological system in the study area. The results are as follows: 1. The analysis of hydrogen and oxygen isotopes in atmospheric precipitation shows that the seasonal difference of isotopic composition of atmospheric precipitation in the study area is significant and there is rainfall effect. According to 未 18O-未 D relationship of atmospheric precipitation, the local atmospheric water line is established: 未 Dx7.63 未 18O 2.08. Compared with the global and Chinese atmospheric waterline, the climate in the study area is more dry and hot than the global and national average. The precipitation process is greatly affected by secondary evaporation. 2. The analysis of hydrogen and oxygen isotopes of spring water shows that the spring has the same tendency of light rainy season and heavy dry season, which indicates that spring water is affected by the source of precipitation water vapor. Comparing the isotopic composition of spring water with the atmospheric waterline, we can see that groundwater comes from atmospheric precipitation, and mainly comes from summer precipitation. The height effect analysis shows that the replenishment elevation of clear water pool is larger than that of small water pool and muddy water pool. The analysis of deuterium excess parameters of spring shows that the transit time of each spring is from long to short: muddy water pool, small water pool and clear water pool. 3. Using Gao Si mixed model to analyze the hydrogen and oxygen stable isotope data of spring water, the results show that the recharge of Qingshui pool not only comes from Wildmaoshan area, but also includes infiltration recharge during runoff process, and the recharge amount of infiltration is not small. Muddy water pool dry rain two seasons of supply types are different. In addition to being replenished by the Permian limestone aquifer in the north, Xiaoshui pool may also be replenished by pore fissure water in the north-eastern basalt mountains. 4. By using the hydrogen stable isotope values of atmospheric precipitation and spring water, the groundwater transit time of clear water pool, muddy water pool and small water pool is 1.8 weeks, 5.8 weeks and 5.4 weeks, calculated by the lumped parameter model. In addition, the groundwater transit time of clear water pool, muddy water pool and small water pool is 2.1 weeks, 6.1 weeks, 5.7 weeks according to the empirical formula. The two conclusions are similar and can be corroborated by each other.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：云南大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2015
【分類號】：P641.3
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