【摘要】：磁法測(cè)量是一種應(yīng)用較為廣泛的地球物理勘探方法，可以測(cè)量總場(chǎng)及其在笛卡爾坐標(biāo)系下三個(gè)方向的梯度張量場(chǎng)，，具有高效率和高精度探測(cè)特性。磁梯度張量作為一種新興的地球物理觀測(cè)手段逐漸成為磁測(cè)技術(shù)的研究熱點(diǎn)，其能提供地質(zhì)體在不同方向上的異常信息，可更準(zhǔn)確地描述地質(zhì)體的特征。由于磁梯度張量數(shù)據(jù)在磁性目標(biāo)體不同方向上呈現(xiàn)出的信息量極為豐富，被應(yīng)用于磁性目標(biāo)體的識(shí)別和定位，例如隱伏地質(zhì)體勘探、UXO探測(cè)、反潛等。實(shí)現(xiàn)目標(biāo)體的空間定位，是磁測(cè)研究的主要目的之一。通過研究磁總場(chǎng)及其梯度張量場(chǎng)數(shù)據(jù)和相應(yīng)的反演方法，實(shí)現(xiàn)目標(biāo)體高精度、快速定位。 本論文首先結(jié)合當(dāng)前已有磁測(cè)搭載平臺(tái)，分析了磁測(cè)采集系統(tǒng)的研究進(jìn)程，分別對(duì)航空磁測(cè)、海洋磁測(cè)、衛(wèi)星磁測(cè)及磁梯度張量測(cè)量的發(fā)展現(xiàn)狀進(jìn)行了詳細(xì)綜述，評(píng)價(jià)不同系統(tǒng)間的優(yōu)勢(shì)與不足，對(duì)比國(guó)內(nèi)外研究差距，以提高磁測(cè)系統(tǒng)集成能力和目標(biāo)體探測(cè)能力，為更好地利用有效精度內(nèi)的磁測(cè)儀器以及實(shí)現(xiàn)多手段、多途徑、快速測(cè)量提供相關(guān)指導(dǎo)。 為更好地研究淺層目標(biāo)體磁性特征，本文對(duì)金山地區(qū)UXO磁測(cè)數(shù)據(jù)進(jìn)行了處理與解釋。研究發(fā)現(xiàn)，中值濾波對(duì)在淺層磁異常數(shù)據(jù)處理中效果較好，濾除條帶狀背景噪聲的同時(shí)很好地保留了UXO異常體有效信息。再利用Oasis Montaj下的UXParameter Determination模塊對(duì)疑似目標(biāo)體進(jìn)行定位和標(biāo)記。利用改進(jìn)的歐拉反褶積法對(duì)抽取出的UXO磁異常進(jìn)行深度反演，結(jié)合解析信號(hào)所圈定的UXO異常中心區(qū)域進(jìn)行約束，計(jì)算該區(qū)域內(nèi)反演深度的平均值，提高了反演的準(zhǔn)確性。 本文對(duì)磁梯度張量單點(diǎn)定位法在噪聲環(huán)境及多目標(biāo)體條件下定位情況進(jìn)行了研究，通過對(duì)多點(diǎn)定位結(jié)果的概率分析可以提高確定目標(biāo)體定位準(zhǔn)確度，有效地解決了高噪聲和多目標(biāo)體條件下定位結(jié)果過于發(fā)散的問題。本文成功將該方法應(yīng)用在某海域磁測(cè)數(shù)據(jù)，準(zhǔn)確地定位到水下磁性體的空間位置。 為提高磁梯度張量數(shù)據(jù)的邊界識(shí)別的精度，本文采用計(jì)算張量特征值及其頻率域垂直導(dǎo)數(shù)的方法，對(duì)磁性目標(biāo)體進(jìn)行水平定位和邊界識(shí)別。通過對(duì)比解析信號(hào)法、傾斜角法和Theta圖法，該方法所呈現(xiàn)邊界信息更為清晰，在噪聲環(huán)境下適用性強(qiáng)。在安徽廬樅地區(qū)磁異常數(shù)據(jù)處理中，該方法能很好地圈定出了廬樅火山巖盆地的邊界位置。
[Abstract]:Magnetic survey is a widely used geophysical exploration method. It can measure the total field and its gradient tensor field in three directions under Cartesian coordinate system. It has high efficiency and high precision. As a new geophysical observation method, magnetic gradient Zhang Liang has gradually become a research hotspot of magnetic survey technology. It can provide abnormal information of geological bodies in different directions, and can more accurately describe the characteristics of geological bodies. Because the magnetic gradient Zhang Liang data presents abundant information in different directions of magnetic objects, it has been applied to the identification and location of magnetic objects, such as hidden geological body exploration, UXO detection, anti-submarine and so on. It is one of the main purposes of magnetic measurement research to realize the spatial location of the target body. By studying the data of the total magnetic field and its gradient tensor field and the corresponding inversion method, the high precision and fast positioning of the target are realized. Firstly, the research progress of magnetic data acquisition system is analyzed, and the development status of aeromagnetic survey, marine magnetic survey, satellite magnetic survey and magnetic gradient Zhang Liang survey are summarized in detail. The advantages and disadvantages of different systems are evaluated, and the research gaps at home and abroad are compared in order to improve the integration ability of magnetic measurement system and the detection ability of target body, in order to make better use of effective precision magnetic measuring instruments and to realize multi-means and multi-ways. Rapid measurement provides guidance. In order to better study the magnetic characteristics of shallow target body, the UXO magnetic data in Jinshan area are processed and interpreted in this paper. It is found that the median filter has a good effect on the processing of shallow magnetic anomaly data, while filtering the strip background noise, the effective information of the UXO anomaly body is well preserved. Then the UXParameter Determination module under Oasis Montaj is used to locate and mark the suspected target. Using the improved Eulerian deconvolution method, the depth inversion of the extracted UXO magnetic anomaly is carried out. Combined with the constraint of the central region of the UXO anomaly delineated by the analytical signal, the average of the inversion depth in the region is calculated, and the accuracy of the inversion is improved. In this paper, the magnetic gradient Zhang Liang single-point positioning method is studied under the condition of noise and multi-target body. The accuracy of locating target body can be improved by probability analysis of multi-point positioning results. It effectively solves the problem of excessive divergence of location results under the condition of high noise and multi-target. In this paper, the method is successfully applied to the magnetic data of a certain sea area to locate accurately the space position of the underwater magnetic body. In order to improve the accuracy of boundary recognition of magnetic gradient Zhang Liang data, this paper uses the method of calculating Zhang Liang eigenvalue and its vertical derivative in frequency domain to locate and identify magnetic objects horizontally. By comparing analytic signal method, tilt angle method and Theta diagram method, the boundary information presented by this method is more clear and has strong applicability in noisy environment. In the data processing of magnetic anomalies in the Luzong area of Anhui Province, the boundary position of the Luzong volcanic basin can be well delineated by this method.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：吉林大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級(jí)別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2015
【分類號(hào)】：P631.2

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