【摘要】：長久以來,有孔蟲和(?)類在海洋地質(zhì)研究中占有重要的地位。它們是記錄海洋沉積環(huán)境信息的重要載體,同是也是研究古環(huán)境變化、恢復(fù)古海洋環(huán)境的指示生物之一。四川盆地東北部二疊紀(jì)末長興組地層含有豐富的微體古生物化石,為論文的研究提供了豐富的材料。本文同時運(yùn)用沉積學(xué)、地層學(xué)、古生物地層學(xué)、古生態(tài)地層學(xué)及海洋地球化學(xué)等學(xué)科知識,對有孔蟲及(?)類分布及特征進(jìn)行系統(tǒng)細(xì)致的分析,來研究有孔蟲及(?)的演化與海洋環(huán)境變遷之間的關(guān)系。 經(jīng)統(tǒng)計,巫溪田壩剖面與巫溪尖山剖面共描述了有孔蟲14個屬,59個種；(?)類5個屬,5個種,劃分出5個古生物組合。通過對有孔蟲及(?)的生物組合及分異度變化的研究,生物相的角度論證了海洋物理條件對有孔蟲及蜓的縱向演化影響較小。 生物地層分析表明：(1)區(qū)內(nèi)兩剖面長興組均分別出現(xiàn)了兩次生物驟減,并且都是第一次驟減后很快在上覆地層中富集起來；第二次的生物驟減發(fā)生后,上部的地層均不見有孔蟲分布；(2)通過牙形石建立區(qū)內(nèi)生物地層格架,與長興煤山金釘子剖面對比,確定了巫溪尖山剖面與巫溪田壩剖面生物大滅絕的滅絕線,分別為巫溪尖山第4層和巫溪田壩第2層；(3)對有孔蟲殼體大小變化規(guī)律的分析發(fā)現(xiàn),在生物大滅絕發(fā)生之前,有孔蟲殼體就出現(xiàn)了不同程度小型化的現(xiàn)象。 通過地球化學(xué)特征指證,高溫缺氧的古海洋環(huán)境可能導(dǎo)致了區(qū)內(nèi)有孔蟲殼體提前出現(xiàn)小型化現(xiàn)象,西伯利亞火山活動有可能是導(dǎo)致一系列災(zāi)難事件發(fā)生的最重要的原因。
[Abstract]:For a long time, foraminifera and Classification plays an important role in marine geological research. They are important carriers for recording marine sedimentary environment information. They are also one of the indicator organisms to study the change of palaeo-environment and restore the paleo-marine environment. The late Permian Changxing formation in northeastern Sichuan Basin contains abundant microfossils, which provides abundant materials for the study of this paper. Based on the knowledge of sedimentology, stratigraphy, palaeontology, palaeoecostratigraphy and marine geochemistry, this paper deals with foraminifera and foraminifera. In order to study foraminifera and foraminifera, the distribution and characteristics of the species were analyzed systematically and meticulously. The relationship between the evolution of the ocean environment and the evolution of the ocean environment. According to statistics, the Wuxi Tianba Section and the Wuxi Jianshan Section described 14 genera and 59 species of foraminifera. Class 5 genera, 5 species, divided into 5 palaeontological assemblages. For foraminifera and (?) From the angle of biological facies, it is proved that the marine physical conditions have little effect on the longitudinal evolution of foraminifera and flies. The biostratigraphic analysis shows that: (1) the Changxing formation of the two sections in the area has two biological sudden decreases respectively, and they are enriched in the overlying strata soon after the first sudden decrease; No foraminifera were found in the upper strata after the second sudden decrease of organisms. (2) the biostratigraphic framework of Wuxi Jianshan section and Wuxi Tianba section, which are the fourth layer of Wuxi Jianshan and the second layer of Wuxi Tianba, are determined by comparing it with Jinnail section of Changxing Coal Mountain by using conodont to set up the biostratigraphic framework in the area, and the extinction lines of Wuxi Jianshan Section and Wuxi Tianba Section are determined. (3) by analyzing the variation rule of the shell size of foraminifera, it was found that the shell of foraminifera appeared miniaturization in varying degrees before the occurrence of biological extinction. It is proved by geochemical characteristics that the paleo-marine environment with high temperature and hypoxia may lead to the miniaturization of foraminifera shell in the area, and the volcanic activity in Siberia may be the most important cause of a series of disaster events.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：西南石油大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2015
【分類號】：P534.46;Q915

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本文編號：2433770