【摘要】：黑河流域是我國(guó)典型的西北內(nèi)陸河流域,具有干旱—半干旱氣候特征,流域水資源主要形成于山區(qū)、耗散于盆地,河水與地下水相互轉(zhuǎn)換頻繁、轉(zhuǎn)換量大,出山河流量基本代表了流域的水資源量,山前河水入滲量成為盆地地下水資源的重要組成部分。在近幾十年,由于盆地內(nèi)灌區(qū)大量引河水灌溉以及水庫蓄水工程建立,致使中游盆地河流的自然形態(tài)轉(zhuǎn)變?yōu)樽匀?人為影響的二元復(fù)合形式,河流入滲規(guī)律變得更加復(fù)雜,盆地內(nèi)部地下水資源變化情況也呈不明確狀態(tài)。故,研究盆地內(nèi)河流入滲規(guī)律以及河水與地下水作用過程和相關(guān)關(guān)系,對(duì)研究盆地地下水資源變化特征以及水資源開發(fā)利用具有重要的實(shí)用價(jià)值,對(duì)指導(dǎo)干旱—半干旱地區(qū)河水與地下水關(guān)系研究具有一定的理論意義。本文根據(jù)黑河干流入滲段水文-水文地質(zhì)剖析,分析了河流入滲段水文地質(zhì)特征及河流與地下水相關(guān)轉(zhuǎn)化關(guān)系；通過G312黑河大橋處兩個(gè)水文年的河水徑流量實(shí)時(shí)監(jiān)測(cè),采用基流切割方法獲得大橋以上河段的地下水溢出量及河水入滲-地下水溢出轉(zhuǎn)換斷面的地表徑流量；利用河流全線閉口(無引水)期的河道徑流過程和徑流量,研究了河流入滲特征,確定了河流全線閉口期的河流入滲規(guī)律,以此計(jì)算了鶯落峽-草灘莊、草灘莊-黑河大橋間的河水入滲量；采用隨機(jī)模擬分析方法,研究了河流流量、河水入滲量與地下水水位之間的相關(guān)關(guān)系,建立了線性時(shí)不變系統(tǒng)理論模型,在模型識(shí)別的基礎(chǔ)上,預(yù)測(cè)了地下水位監(jiān)測(cè)孔2011年-2013年水位變化曲線。
[Abstract]:Heihe River Basin is a typical inland river basin in Northwest China, which has the characteristics of arid and semi-arid climate. Water resources are mainly formed in mountainous areas and dissipated in basins. The discharge of mountain river basically represents the amount of water resources in the basin, and the infiltration amount of river water in front of the mountain becomes an important part of the groundwater resources in the basin. In recent decades, due to a large amount of river diversion irrigation in the basin and the establishment of reservoir water storage project, the natural form of the river in the middle reaches of the basin has changed into a dual composite form of natural and human influence, and the infiltration law of the river has become more complicated. The variation of groundwater resources in the basin is also uncertain. Therefore, it is of great practical value to study the regularity of river infiltration, the process and correlation between river and groundwater in the basin, and to study the variation characteristics of groundwater resources and the exploitation and utilization of groundwater resources in the basin. It is of certain theoretical significance to guide the study of the relationship between river water and groundwater in arid-semi-arid areas. Based on the hydrological and hydrogeological analysis of the infiltration section of the main stream of Heihe River, the hydrogeological characteristics of the infiltration section of the river and the relationship between the river and the groundwater are analyzed in this paper. Through the real-time monitoring of river runoff in two hydrological years at the G312 Heihe River Bridge, the groundwater overflow and the surface runoff of the river water infiltration and groundwater overflow transfer section are obtained by the method of foundation flow cutting. Based on the runoff process and runoff of the whole river in the closed period (without diversion), the infiltration characteristics of the river are studied, and the infiltration law of the river in the closed period of the whole river line is determined, and the Yingluoxia Caotan Zhuang is calculated. The amount of water infiltration between Caotanzhuang-Heihe River Bridge; By using the stochastic simulation analysis method, the correlation between river discharge, river infiltration and groundwater level is studied, and a linear time-invariant system theoretical model is established. Based on the model identification, a linear time-invariant system model is established. The variation curve of groundwater level from 2011 to 2013 is predicted.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：西北大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級(jí)別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2015
【分類號(hào)】：P641;P333

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