【摘要】：正寧-宜君地區(qū)長6油層組石油資源豐富,但是深入勘探與其地質(zhì)研究程度低的矛盾卻日益凸現(xiàn),表現(xiàn)為由于地質(zhì)認識的不統(tǒng)一,尤其是沉積相及砂體展布問題仍存在著諸多爭議,給油氣的進一步勘探開發(fā)帶來困難。本文以沉積學理論為指導,綜合運用沉積巖石學、石油地質(zhì)學、測井地質(zhì)學等學科的多種技術(shù)方法,通過露頭剖面、鉆井巖心、錄井和測井資料,以地層劃分為基礎(chǔ),明確物源方向,重點識別沉積相類型,深入開展沉積相和砂體展布規(guī)律的研究。在地層劃分與對比中,通過標志層控制和旋回對比的方法,結(jié)合厚度原則,將研究區(qū)長6油層組地層細分為長61、長62、長63三個小層,層頂構(gòu)造呈現(xiàn)東南高西北低的特點,3-4個近北西-南東向的鼻狀隆起繼承性明顯。根據(jù)古流向、輕重礦物和巖屑分析及古陸分布特征,綜合認為研究區(qū)長6油層組主要受來自南部物源的控制,西南物源對研究區(qū)的影響次之。推測南部物源來自秦嶺造山帶,西南物源來自隴西古陸。依據(jù)巖心描述、露頭剖面,結(jié)合巖石類型、結(jié)構(gòu)特征、沉積構(gòu)造及古生物特征等,認為研究區(qū)長6發(fā)育三角洲-湖泊-重力流沉積體系,首次在研究區(qū)識別出砂質(zhì)碎屑流沉積。底模構(gòu)造(槽模、溝模),變形構(gòu)造(重荷模、火焰狀構(gòu)造、砂球構(gòu)造、砂侵蘑菇),撕裂狀泥礫片和不完整的鮑馬序列這些代表著深水重力流沉積的典型構(gòu)造在研究區(qū)廣泛發(fā)育。通過進一步研究,劃分為砂質(zhì)碎屑流、濁積、(半)深湖、三角洲前緣四類亞相沉積,進一步可分為七類微相,并詳細分析了各個微相的主要特征。通過單井測井相分析和連井剖面對比,編制了不同時期的沉積相及砂體平面展布圖。研究表明沉積相控制著砂體的展布規(guī)律,長61、長62、長63亞期沉積環(huán)境具有良好的繼承性,砂體展布格局基本相同,大致呈北東-南西向展布,從長63期到長61期,砂體規(guī)模逐步縮小,砂體連片性變差。
[Abstract]:The oil resources of Chang-6 formation in Zhengning-Yijun area are abundant, but the contradiction between deep exploration and low degree of geological research is becoming more and more prominent, which is due to the inconsistency of geological knowledge. Especially, the distribution of sedimentary facies and sand bodies is still controversial, which brings difficulties to the further exploration and development of oil and gas. Guided by the theory of sedimentology, this paper synthetically applies various technical methods of sedimentary petrology, petroleum geology, logging geology and so on, based on stratigraphic division through outcrop profile, drilling core, logging and logging data. The distribution of sedimentary facies and sand body is studied in detail by defining the direction of the source, identifying the types of sedimentary facies and studying deeply the distribution of sedimentary facies and sand body. In stratigraphic division and correlation, the strata of Chang 6 oil formation in the study area are subdivided into three sub-layers, Chang 61, Chang 62 and Chang 63, by means of the method of marker layer control and cyclic correlation, combined with the thickness principle. The top structure of the formation shows the characteristics of high, northwest and low southeast. The succession of 3-4 nasal uplift near NW-E direction is obvious. According to the paleodirection, the analysis of heavy and heavy minerals and lithosphere and the distribution characteristics of paleocontinent, it is considered that the Chang 6 oil formation in the study area is mainly controlled by the southern provenance, followed by the influence of the southwest provenance on the study area. It is inferred that the southern provenance comes from the Qinling orogenic belt, and the southwest provenance comes from the Longxi ancient land. Based on the core description, outcrop profile, rock types, structural characteristics, sedimentary structures and paleontological characteristics, it is considered that the depositional system of delta-lacustry-gravity flow was developed in Chang6 area, and the sandy clastic flow deposits were identified for the first time in the study area. Bottom mold structure (groove mold, groove mold), deformation structure (heavy load model, flame structure, sand ball structure, sand invasion mushroom), The tearing debris and incomplete Baumar sequences, which represent the typical structures of deep water gravity flow deposition, are widely developed in the study area. Through further study, it can be divided into four subfacies: sand clastic flow, turbidite, (half) deep lake and delta front, which can be further divided into seven types of microfacies, and the main characteristics of each microfacies are analyzed in detail. Based on the single well logging facies analysis and the correlation of continuous well profiles, the sedimentary facies and sand body plane distribution diagrams in different periods have been compiled. The results show that the sedimentary facies control the distribution of sand bodies. The sedimentary environments of Chang 61, Chang 62 and Chang 63 have good inheritance, and the distribution pattern of sand bodies is basically the same, which is roughly NE-NW distribution, from Chang63 to Chang61. The scale of sand body gradually shrinks and the continuity of sand body becomes worse.
【學位授予單位】：西安石油大學
【學位級別】：碩士
【學位授予年份】：2015
【分類號】：P618.13

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