【摘要】：目前,常規(guī)油氣資源的地區(qū)的高度勘探化使得油氣勘探任務不得不面對勘探區(qū)地表條件和地下地質構造特征更加復雜的問題,這對復雜條件下地質構造的準確成像提出了挑戰(zhàn)。疊前深度偏移無疑是完成這個挑戰(zhàn)的重要手段,但是疊前深度偏移對速度模型的準確性十分敏感,如何高效率地獲得準確的速度-深度模型就成了我們要解決好的一個問題了�，F(xiàn)有的速度建模方法眾多,不同的方法有其各自的特點和規(guī)律,如果能對其加以總結,對于速度建模來說,則可以達到事半功倍的效果。本文以正演模擬復雜程度不同的疊前道集記錄為基礎,分別在初始速度場建立方法、速度場修改以及偏移成像方法等主要環(huán)節(jié),對主流的方法進行試驗,通過方法優(yōu)化分析,影響因素分析,適用條件分析等手段,詳細總結了在各個環(huán)節(jié)各種方法的特點及規(guī)律,經(jīng)過有機的組合,提出了適合各種復雜條件下的速度模型建立及修改以及偏移方法和實用的工作流程,繼續(xù)應用該流程對模型數(shù)據(jù)進行速度建模及疊前深度偏移,與其他常規(guī)的方法相比的結果驗證了該套工作流程的有效性。將本文提出的實用的速度建模方法和工作流程,應用到實際資料的處理當中,取得了比較理想的深度域成像效果。
[Abstract]:At present, the high degree of exploration in the area of conventional oil and gas resources makes the exploration task have to face the problem of more complex surface conditions and underground geological structure characteristics in the exploration area, which challenges the accurate imaging of geological structures under complex conditions. Prestack depth migration is undoubtedly an important means to accomplish this challenge, but prestack depth migration is very sensitive to the accuracy of velocity model. There are many existing velocity modeling methods, different methods have their own characteristics and laws, if they can be summarized, for speed modeling, it can achieve twice the result with half the effort. On the basis of prestack gather records with different complexity of forward modeling, this paper tests the mainstream methods in the main links, such as initial velocity field establishment method, velocity field modification and migration imaging method, and then optimizes the analysis by the method. By means of analysis of influencing factors, analysis of applicable conditions, and so on, the characteristics and laws of various methods in each link are summarized in detail, after organic combination, The velocity model establishment and modification as well as migration method and practical workflow are put forward under various complicated conditions. The velocity modeling and prestack depth migration of model data are carried out by using this flow. The results compared with other conventional methods verify the effectiveness of the workflow. The practical velocity modeling method and workflow presented in this paper are applied to the processing of practical data and the ideal depth domain imaging effect is obtained.
【學位授予單位】：成都理工大學
【學位級別】：碩士
【學位授予年份】：2015
【分類號】：P631.4

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本文編號：2403851