川西北地區(qū)須家河組天然氣成藏條件研究
發(fā)布時(shí)間：2018-12-26 10:08
【摘要】：四川盆地西北地區(qū)天然氣資源豐富,勘探開發(fā)潛力大,其中須家河組近年來取得了巨大的勘探進(jìn)展,是該地區(qū)增儲(chǔ)上產(chǎn)的重要層系。然而川西地區(qū)的構(gòu)造復(fù)雜,儲(chǔ)集類型多樣,優(yōu)質(zhì)儲(chǔ)層主控因素及分布不明確、成藏控制因素待落實(shí),阻礙了該地區(qū)須家河組天然氣的進(jìn)一步勘探。本文著重于基礎(chǔ)性研究,通過巖心觀察、野外露頭描述、測(cè)井資料分析,結(jié)合各種現(xiàn)代測(cè)試手段,包括巖心薄片觀察、掃描電鏡、X衍射以及有機(jī)碳含量測(cè)定、碳同位素測(cè)定、飽和烴輕烴色譜分析等地球化學(xué)實(shí)驗(yàn)分析,系統(tǒng)地研究了川西北地區(qū)須家河沉積、儲(chǔ)層特征等成藏條件。川西北地區(qū)須家河組分為須一至須五段。須一至須二段為海相沉積,須三段之后為陸相沉積,須家河組沉積時(shí)總體為溫暖、潮濕的熱帶、亞熱帶氣候。各層段砂體大面積繼承性發(fā)育,其中須一段發(fā)育礁灘相和三角洲相,礁灘體和三角洲前緣砂體發(fā)育;須二段發(fā)育潮汐三角洲相,三角洲前緣潮汐水道和潮汐砂壩砂體;須三、須四和須五段發(fā)育沖積扇、扇三角洲和湖泊相,三角洲前緣發(fā)育重力流水道和河口砂壩砂體。川西北地區(qū)須家河組儲(chǔ)層以特低孔-超低滲為主,儲(chǔ)集空間類型多樣,主要為殘余原生粒間孔、粒間溶孔、粒內(nèi)溶孔和裂縫,主要巖石類型為巖屑石英砂巖�？傮w上發(fā)育孔隙型、裂縫-孔隙型和裂縫型三類儲(chǔ)層。深部有相對(duì)高孔砂巖儲(chǔ)層發(fā)育,孔隙度8%~11%,最高達(dá)13.5%。優(yōu)質(zhì)儲(chǔ)層形成主要受巖石礦物成分、綠泥石襯邊、巖石粒度和分選性、裂縫等因素控制。川西北地區(qū)須家河組各段均發(fā)育烴源巖,主要產(chǎn)層為須三、須四段,烴源巖有機(jī)質(zhì)豐度總體均較高,且煤有機(jī)質(zhì)類型都為腐殖型,泥質(zhì)巖有機(jī)質(zhì)類型為腐泥-腐殖型和腐殖型為主。烴源巖Ro值普遍大于1.0%,成熟度總體處于成熟-過成熟階段。天然氣為典型煤成氣,具有近源聚集、普遍含氣特征。須家河組烴源巖和儲(chǔ)集體間互發(fā)育的“三明治”結(jié)構(gòu),使得成熟烴源巖具有面狀供烴、近源高效聚集的成藏特征,從不同層段烴源巖生氣強(qiáng)度與各層段獲氣井的關(guān)系可以看出,天然氣的分布明顯與烴源巖的發(fā)育程度密切相關(guān)。
[Abstract]:The northwest region of Sichuan Basin is rich in natural gas resources and has great potential for exploration and exploitation. The Xujiahe formation has made great progress in exploration in recent years and is an important formation of increasing reservoir and production in this area. However, the complex structure, diverse reservoir types, unclear main controlling factors and distribution of high-quality reservoirs, and reservoir forming control factors in western Sichuan prevent the further exploration of natural gas in Xujiahe formation. This paper focuses on basic research, including core observation, field outcrop description, log data analysis, and combined with various modern testing methods, including core thin slice observation, scanning electron microscope, X-ray diffraction, organic carbon content determination, carbon isotope measurement. Based on the geochemical experiments, such as chromatographic analysis of saturated hydrocarbons, the reservoir forming conditions such as Xujiahe sedimentation and reservoir characteristics in northwestern Sichuan are systematically studied. The Xujiahe formation in northwest Sichuan is divided into one to five sections. The first to second member of Xujiahe formation is marine deposit, and the third member is continental deposit. When Xujiahe formation is deposited, it is warm, humid tropical and subtropical climate. The sand bodies of each formation are inherited in a large area, one of them is the reef beach facies and the delta facies, the reef beach body and the delta front sand body are developed, the second member has developed the tidal delta facies, the delta front tidal channel and the tidal sand bar sand body, and the second member has developed the tidal delta facies, the delta front tidal channel and the tidal bar sand body. The alluvial fans, fan deltas and lacustrine facies are developed in the fourth and fifth members of Xuzhou formation, and gravity flow channels and estuarine bar sandbodies are developed in the front of the delta. The reservoir of Xujiahe formation in northwestern Sichuan is mainly composed of ultra-low porosity and ultra-low permeability, with various reservoir space types, mainly residual primary intergranular pore, intergranular dissolved pore, intragranular dissolved pore and fracture, and the main rock type is lithic quartz sandstone. Generally, there are three types of reservoirs: pore type, fracture-pore type and fracture type. There are relatively high porosity sandstone reservoirs in the deep, with porosity of 8 and 11, the highest being 13.5. The formation of high quality reservoir is mainly controlled by rock mineral composition, chlorite lining, rock granularity and sorting, fracture and so on. The source rocks are developed in each section of Xujiahe formation in northwestern Sichuan, and the main strata are Xu3 and Xu4. The abundance of organic matter in source rocks is generally high, and the types of coal organic matter are humic. The organic matter types of argillaceous rocks are mainly humic-humic and humic-type. The Ro value of the source rocks is generally greater than 1.0, and the maturity of the source rocks is generally at the stage of maturation to overmaturity. Natural gas is a typical coal-formed gas with the characteristics of near source accumulation and general gas bearing. The "sandwich" structure developed between source rocks and reservoir bodies in Xujiahe formation makes mature source rocks have the characteristics of surface hydrocarbon supply and high efficiency accumulation near sources. It can be seen from the relationship between source rock gas generation intensity and gas wells in different layers. The distribution of natural gas is closely related to the development of source rocks.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：中國(guó)地質(zhì)大學(xué)(北京)
【學(xué)位級(jí)別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2015
【分類號(hào)】：P618.13
本文編號(hào)：2391945
[Abstract]:The northwest region of Sichuan Basin is rich in natural gas resources and has great potential for exploration and exploitation. The Xujiahe formation has made great progress in exploration in recent years and is an important formation of increasing reservoir and production in this area. However, the complex structure, diverse reservoir types, unclear main controlling factors and distribution of high-quality reservoirs, and reservoir forming control factors in western Sichuan prevent the further exploration of natural gas in Xujiahe formation. This paper focuses on basic research, including core observation, field outcrop description, log data analysis, and combined with various modern testing methods, including core thin slice observation, scanning electron microscope, X-ray diffraction, organic carbon content determination, carbon isotope measurement. Based on the geochemical experiments, such as chromatographic analysis of saturated hydrocarbons, the reservoir forming conditions such as Xujiahe sedimentation and reservoir characteristics in northwestern Sichuan are systematically studied. The Xujiahe formation in northwest Sichuan is divided into one to five sections. The first to second member of Xujiahe formation is marine deposit, and the third member is continental deposit. When Xujiahe formation is deposited, it is warm, humid tropical and subtropical climate. The sand bodies of each formation are inherited in a large area, one of them is the reef beach facies and the delta facies, the reef beach body and the delta front sand body are developed, the second member has developed the tidal delta facies, the delta front tidal channel and the tidal sand bar sand body, and the second member has developed the tidal delta facies, the delta front tidal channel and the tidal bar sand body. The alluvial fans, fan deltas and lacustrine facies are developed in the fourth and fifth members of Xuzhou formation, and gravity flow channels and estuarine bar sandbodies are developed in the front of the delta. The reservoir of Xujiahe formation in northwestern Sichuan is mainly composed of ultra-low porosity and ultra-low permeability, with various reservoir space types, mainly residual primary intergranular pore, intergranular dissolved pore, intragranular dissolved pore and fracture, and the main rock type is lithic quartz sandstone. Generally, there are three types of reservoirs: pore type, fracture-pore type and fracture type. There are relatively high porosity sandstone reservoirs in the deep, with porosity of 8 and 11, the highest being 13.5. The formation of high quality reservoir is mainly controlled by rock mineral composition, chlorite lining, rock granularity and sorting, fracture and so on. The source rocks are developed in each section of Xujiahe formation in northwestern Sichuan, and the main strata are Xu3 and Xu4. The abundance of organic matter in source rocks is generally high, and the types of coal organic matter are humic. The organic matter types of argillaceous rocks are mainly humic-humic and humic-type. The Ro value of the source rocks is generally greater than 1.0, and the maturity of the source rocks is generally at the stage of maturation to overmaturity. Natural gas is a typical coal-formed gas with the characteristics of near source accumulation and general gas bearing. The "sandwich" structure developed between source rocks and reservoir bodies in Xujiahe formation makes mature source rocks have the characteristics of surface hydrocarbon supply and high efficiency accumulation near sources. It can be seen from the relationship between source rock gas generation intensity and gas wells in different layers. The distribution of natural gas is closely related to the development of source rocks.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：中國(guó)地質(zhì)大學(xué)(北京)
【學(xué)位級(jí)別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2015
【分類號(hào)】：P618.13
【參考文獻(xiàn)】
相關(guān)期刊論文 前1條
1 王世謙,羅啟后,伍大茂;四川盆地中西部上三疊統(tǒng)煤系地層烴源巖的有機(jī)巖石學(xué)特征[J];礦物巖石;1997年01期
，本文編號(hào)：2391945
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