MTEM勘探系統(tǒng)中電源站的設(shè)計(jì)
發(fā)布時(shí)間：2018-12-23 10:52
【摘要】：人類可以準(zhǔn)確預(yù)測未來50年中將要發(fā)生的流星雨的時(shí)刻和方位,卻很難預(yù)測下一次可能造成巨大人員傷亡的地震會在何時(shí)何地發(fā)生。由于對地球內(nèi)部研究的客觀困難,人類對地球內(nèi)部的了解遠(yuǎn)小于對外太空的了解。但是人類對地面以下的探索的動力并不亞于對太空的探索。對地下的更深了解可以使人類有能力預(yù)測地震等地質(zhì)災(zāi)害,極大減少人員傷亡,也可以幫助我們發(fā)現(xiàn)石油、天然氣、礦石等礦藏,保障經(jīng)濟(jì)發(fā)展和人民生活水平。 為了探索地下的世界,人們發(fā)明了各種地球物理勘探方法,比如利用振動波、電磁波等的反演來推算地下構(gòu)造。記錄這些地下構(gòu)造反映到地表的物理信息,必須依賴傳感器和數(shù)據(jù)采集網(wǎng)絡(luò)。而為了更深入、更精細(xì)地推算地下構(gòu)造,必須使用更高精度、更多數(shù)量的傳感器,從而需要更大、更復(fù)雜的數(shù)據(jù)采集網(wǎng)絡(luò)。 為了解決大規(guī)模數(shù)據(jù)采集網(wǎng)絡(luò)必須面對的中心節(jié)點(diǎn)復(fù)雜度瓶頸問題,設(shè)計(jì)了一種分布式中心的數(shù)據(jù)采集網(wǎng)絡(luò)結(jié)構(gòu)。在這種結(jié)構(gòu)下,中心節(jié)點(diǎn)不需要關(guān)心整個(gè)系統(tǒng)的所有細(xì)節(jié),而是將對底層節(jié)點(diǎn)的管理盡量剝離開來,下放給系統(tǒng)的分布式中心—中層節(jié)點(diǎn),中心節(jié)點(diǎn)只負(fù)責(zé)高度抽象的行為控制,從而大大減輕管理壓力。 本文主要介紹了整個(gè)系統(tǒng)的分布式中心—電源站的設(shè)計(jì)與實(shí)現(xiàn)。電源站控制和匯總對底層站體—采集站的管理細(xì)節(jié),將主機(jī)對采集站的管理細(xì)節(jié)剝離,成為分布式管理中心；將同步授時(shí)、采集站供電、電源站域獨(dú)立調(diào)試等任務(wù)從主機(jī)剝離,成為分布式授時(shí)中心、分布式供電中心和分布式調(diào)試中心。電源站作為分布式中心的設(shè)計(jì),一方面使得系統(tǒng)通道數(shù)增加時(shí)主機(jī)的管理復(fù)雜度不會線性提高,極大減輕主機(jī)性能壓力,從而提高擴(kuò)展性；另一方面使得電源站和其域內(nèi)的采集站在脫離上級管理的情況下,仍能獨(dú)立進(jìn)行排列調(diào)試和大部分工作任務(wù),提高系統(tǒng)的靈活性和健壯性。 同時(shí)電源站在若干關(guān)鍵技術(shù)上進(jìn)行了創(chuàng)新設(shè)計(jì)：設(shè)計(jì)并實(shí)現(xiàn)LVDS驅(qū)動電流動態(tài)調(diào)節(jié)的功能,為橫纜低速數(shù)據(jù)傳輸提供了自適應(yīng)的、更低功耗的方案,使本LVDS方案在發(fā)送驅(qū)動電流這一關(guān)鍵指標(biāo)上相對標(biāo)準(zhǔn)LVDS降低了87.7%-97.6%；使用單向同步幀的方法對采集站進(jìn)行時(shí)鐘同步,達(dá)到了小于2μs時(shí)鐘同步精度,高于同類系統(tǒng)(428XL-FDU等,20μs)；設(shè)計(jì)實(shí)現(xiàn)了基于硬件確認(rèn)機(jī)制的可靠數(shù)據(jù)傳輸模塊,極大降低電源站CPU性能負(fù)擔(dān)；設(shè)計(jì)實(shí)現(xiàn)電源站CPU軟件和FPGA邏輯遠(yuǎn)程在線升級,極大提高了調(diào)試、維護(hù)的便利性。 本文首先在緒論中介紹了地球物理勘探的背景原理,然后在第二章討論了基于多通道瞬變電磁法(MTEM)的數(shù)據(jù)采集網(wǎng)絡(luò)的目標(biāo)與技術(shù)指標(biāo),接著在第三章介紹了數(shù)據(jù)采集網(wǎng)絡(luò)的設(shè)計(jì),包括分布式中心結(jié)構(gòu)的簡介,分布式管理方式簡介,和網(wǎng)絡(luò)中的四層節(jié)點(diǎn)—采集站、電源站、交叉站、主機(jī)的簡介。 在第四章中,詳細(xì)介紹了作為分布式中心的電源站的硬件與軟件實(shí)現(xiàn)。首先介紹了為了實(shí)現(xiàn)數(shù)據(jù)命令流的可靠收發(fā)與轉(zhuǎn)發(fā)所設(shè)計(jì)的物理層、鏈路層和應(yīng)用層的實(shí)現(xiàn),然后介紹了分布式管理、分布式授時(shí)、分布式供電、分布式調(diào)試和離線存儲的設(shè)計(jì)與實(shí)現(xiàn),最后介紹了作為特色的LVDS驅(qū)動電流動態(tài)調(diào)節(jié)功能和CPU/FPGA遠(yuǎn)程在線升級功能的實(shí)現(xiàn)。 最后在第五章介紹了對數(shù)據(jù)傳輸性能和時(shí)鐘同步性能等關(guān)鍵指標(biāo)的測試和分析,在第六章進(jìn)行了所做工作的總結(jié)和對未來研究的展望。
[Abstract]:Human can accurately predict the time and direction of the meteor shower that will take place in the next 50 years, but it is difficult to predict when and where the next earthquake that may cause massive casualties. Because of the objective difficulty of the internal study of the earth, the human understanding of the inside of the earth is far less than that of the outer space. But the power of human exploration below the ground is no less than the exploration of space. The deeper understanding of the underground can make the human beings have the ability to predict the geological disasters such as the earthquake, greatly reduce the casualties, and can also help us to find the mineral resources such as oil, natural gas, ore and the like, and guarantee the economic development and the people's living standard. In order to explore the underground world, various geophysical exploration methods, such as the use of the inversion of the vibration wave and the electromagnetic wave, are invented to calculate the underground structure. in order to record the physical information of the surface, it is necessary to rely on the sensor and the data acquisition network in order to more in-depth and more precise estimation of the underground structure, a higher degree of precision and a greater number of sensors must be used, requiring a larger, more complex data acquisition network In order to solve the problem of the complex bottleneck of the central node that the large-scale data acquisition network has to face, a distributed-center data acquisition network is designed. In this structure, the central node does not need to be concerned with all the details of the whole system, but the management of the bottom node is to be separated as much as possible, and the central node of the distributed central node is lowered to the middle node of the distributed central node of the system, and the central node is only responsible for the highly abstract behavior control, thereby greatly reducing the pipe. The paper mainly introduces the distribution center and power station of the whole system. The design and implementation. The power station controls and summarizes the management details of the base station body and the acquisition station, and the management details of the host to the acquisition station are stripped to become the distributed management center. The tasks such as the power supply of the acquisition station and the independent debugging of the power station domain are stripped from the host to be distributed when the synchronization service is to be synchronized. Time service center, distributed power supply center and distribution the power station is used as the design of the distributed center, on the one hand, the management complexity of the host is not improved linearly when the number of the system channels is increased, the performance pressure of the host is greatly reduced, and the expansibility is improved; on the other hand, the power supply station and the acquisition station in the domain are separated from the superior pipe, In the case of the system, the arrangement and debugging and most of the work tasks can be carried out independently, and the flexibility of the system can be improved. The design and implementation of the function of the dynamic regulation of the LVDS drive current provide an adaptive way for the low-speed data transmission of the transverse cable. Compared with the similar system (428XL-FDU), the scheme of lower power consumption enables the LVDS scheme to reduce the relative standard LVDS in the key index of transmitting the driving current by 85.7%-97.6%; clock synchronization is performed on the acquisition station by using a one-way synchronous frame, so that the clock synchronization accuracy of less than 2. m and the like, a reliable data transmission module based on a hardware confirmation mechanism is designed, the CPU performance burden of the power supply station is greatly reduced, the CPU software of the power supply station and the FPGA logic remote on-line upgrade are realized, the debugging is greatly improved, This paper first introduces the background of geophysical exploration in the introduction, and then discusses the target and technical index of the data acquisition network based on the multi-channel transient electromagnetic method (MTEM) in the second chapter, and then introduces in the third chapter. The design of the data acquisition network includes the introduction of the distributed central structure, the introduction of the distributed management mode, the four-layer node information acquisition station and the power supply station in the network, a profile of a cross-station, a host. In chapter 4, a detailed introduction is given as a distributed center. The hardware and software of the power station is realized in this paper. The physical layer, the link layer and the application layer are introduced in order to realize the reliable transmission and reception of the data command stream, and then the distributed management, distributed time service, distributed power supply and distributed debugging are introduced. and the design and implementation of the off-line storage are realized, the dynamic regulation function of the LVDS driving current and the CPU/ FPGA as the characteristic are finally introduced, In the last chapter, the test and analysis of key indexes such as data transmission performance and clock synchronization performance are introduced, and the work is done in the sixth chapter.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：中國科學(xué)技術(shù)大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2015
【分類號】：P631
本文編號：2389885
[Abstract]:Human can accurately predict the time and direction of the meteor shower that will take place in the next 50 years, but it is difficult to predict when and where the next earthquake that may cause massive casualties. Because of the objective difficulty of the internal study of the earth, the human understanding of the inside of the earth is far less than that of the outer space. But the power of human exploration below the ground is no less than the exploration of space. The deeper understanding of the underground can make the human beings have the ability to predict the geological disasters such as the earthquake, greatly reduce the casualties, and can also help us to find the mineral resources such as oil, natural gas, ore and the like, and guarantee the economic development and the people's living standard. In order to explore the underground world, various geophysical exploration methods, such as the use of the inversion of the vibration wave and the electromagnetic wave, are invented to calculate the underground structure. in order to record the physical information of the surface, it is necessary to rely on the sensor and the data acquisition network in order to more in-depth and more precise estimation of the underground structure, a higher degree of precision and a greater number of sensors must be used, requiring a larger, more complex data acquisition network In order to solve the problem of the complex bottleneck of the central node that the large-scale data acquisition network has to face, a distributed-center data acquisition network is designed. In this structure, the central node does not need to be concerned with all the details of the whole system, but the management of the bottom node is to be separated as much as possible, and the central node of the distributed central node is lowered to the middle node of the distributed central node of the system, and the central node is only responsible for the highly abstract behavior control, thereby greatly reducing the pipe. The paper mainly introduces the distribution center and power station of the whole system. The design and implementation. The power station controls and summarizes the management details of the base station body and the acquisition station, and the management details of the host to the acquisition station are stripped to become the distributed management center. The tasks such as the power supply of the acquisition station and the independent debugging of the power station domain are stripped from the host to be distributed when the synchronization service is to be synchronized. Time service center, distributed power supply center and distribution the power station is used as the design of the distributed center, on the one hand, the management complexity of the host is not improved linearly when the number of the system channels is increased, the performance pressure of the host is greatly reduced, and the expansibility is improved; on the other hand, the power supply station and the acquisition station in the domain are separated from the superior pipe, In the case of the system, the arrangement and debugging and most of the work tasks can be carried out independently, and the flexibility of the system can be improved. The design and implementation of the function of the dynamic regulation of the LVDS drive current provide an adaptive way for the low-speed data transmission of the transverse cable. Compared with the similar system (428XL-FDU), the scheme of lower power consumption enables the LVDS scheme to reduce the relative standard LVDS in the key index of transmitting the driving current by 85.7%-97.6%; clock synchronization is performed on the acquisition station by using a one-way synchronous frame, so that the clock synchronization accuracy of less than 2. m and the like, a reliable data transmission module based on a hardware confirmation mechanism is designed, the CPU performance burden of the power supply station is greatly reduced, the CPU software of the power supply station and the FPGA logic remote on-line upgrade are realized, the debugging is greatly improved, This paper first introduces the background of geophysical exploration in the introduction, and then discusses the target and technical index of the data acquisition network based on the multi-channel transient electromagnetic method (MTEM) in the second chapter, and then introduces in the third chapter. The design of the data acquisition network includes the introduction of the distributed central structure, the introduction of the distributed management mode, the four-layer node information acquisition station and the power supply station in the network, a profile of a cross-station, a host. In chapter 4, a detailed introduction is given as a distributed center. The hardware and software of the power station is realized in this paper. The physical layer, the link layer and the application layer are introduced in order to realize the reliable transmission and reception of the data command stream, and then the distributed management, distributed time service, distributed power supply and distributed debugging are introduced. and the design and implementation of the off-line storage are realized, the dynamic regulation function of the LVDS driving current and the CPU/ FPGA as the characteristic are finally introduced, In the last chapter, the test and analysis of key indexes such as data transmission performance and clock synchronization performance are introduced, and the work is done in the sixth chapter.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：中國科學(xué)技術(shù)大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2015
【分類號】：P631
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