【摘要】：為研究貴州典型喀斯特流域淺層地下水化學(xué)特征及水質(zhì)狀況,于2015年5月—12月對(duì)貴州普定后寨河流域進(jìn)行現(xiàn)場(chǎng)調(diào)查并采集淺層地下水樣品28個(gè),測(cè)定K~+、Na~+、Ca~(2+)、Mg~(2+)、HCO_3~-、NO_3~--N、NH_4~+-N等20種指標(biāo),利用Duncan差異顯著性檢驗(yàn)法進(jìn)行水化學(xué)特征分析,用水質(zhì)質(zhì)量綜合評(píng)價(jià)法對(duì)水質(zhì)進(jìn)行評(píng)價(jià).結(jié)果表明,淺層地下水呈微堿性,主要陰離子為HCO_3~-、SO_4~(2-)、Cl~-,主要陽(yáng)離子為Ca~(2+)、Mg~(2+).從季節(jié)變化來(lái)看,Cl~-、SO_4~(2-)、K~+、TN是春季夏季秋季,在冬季時(shí)其含量升高,HCO_3~-是春季≈夏季秋季冬季.NO_3~--N是夏季春季秋季冬季.Na~+、Mg~(2+)是秋季和冬季較低.pH、NH_4~+-N是春季和秋季較低,4個(gè)季節(jié)中呈"N"型分布,可見,在喀斯特山區(qū)淺層地下水具有明顯的季節(jié)變化特征.水質(zhì)綜合評(píng)價(jià)表明,在喀斯特山區(qū)秋、冬季節(jié)水質(zhì)較春、夏季節(jié)好,總體質(zhì)量較好.而從單項(xiàng)組分來(lái)看,部分地區(qū)有的指標(biāo)已超過Ⅳ類水的限值,主要是總Fe和NH_4~+-N質(zhì)量濃度較高影響水質(zhì).總Fe的最高質(zhì)量濃度為1.2948 mg·L~(-1),NH_4~+-N的最高質(zhì)量濃度為0.71 mg·L~(-1),這與當(dāng)?shù)厝祟惿a(chǎn)生活活動(dòng)有關(guān),對(duì)淺層地下水質(zhì)量具有潛在的影響.綜上,研究貴州高原喀斯特流域淺層地下水化學(xué)特征及水質(zhì),可為喀斯特山區(qū)水資源的保護(hù)和管理提供科學(xué)依據(jù).
[Abstract]:In order to study the chemical characteristics and water quality of shallow groundwater in typical karst basins in Guizhou Province, a field investigation was carried out on the Houzhai River Basin in Puding, Guizhou Province from May to December 2015. 28 samples of shallow groundwater were collected, and K ~, Na~, Ca~ (2) were determined. Mg~ (2), HCO_3~-,NO_3~--N,NH_4~ N and other 20 indexes were used to analyze the chemical characteristics of water by using Duncan difference significance test method, and the water quality was evaluated by comprehensive evaluation method of water quality. The results show that the shallow groundwater is slightly alkaline, the main anions are HCO_3~-,SO_4~ (2-), the main cations of Cl~-, are Ca~ (2), Mg~ (2). In terms of seasonal variation, Cl~-,SO_4~ (2-), K ~, TN are spring, summer and autumn, and their contents increase in winter. HCO_3~- is spring 鈮，

本文編號(hào)：2372627