【摘要】：復(fù)雜斷陷盆地是黃金帶油田的典型特征,走滑作用影響著該油田,致使該區(qū)內(nèi)斷裂復(fù)雜,小幅度、小面積的斷塊和斷鼻為區(qū)內(nèi)主要的局部構(gòu)造,油氣成藏受構(gòu)造控制因素很大。因此,確定斷層特征,分析其與油水分布關(guān)系,具有重要意義。黃金帶油田位于遼河盆地東部凹陷南部深陷帶,整體呈北東向展布。以二界溝斷層和駕掌寺斷層為界,自西向東可以分為西部新開(kāi)斜坡帶、中央黃金帶斷裂背斜構(gòu)造帶和東部駕掌寺斜坡帶。其中沙河街組和東營(yíng)組地層富含油氣,構(gòu)造樣式豐富,為本次研究的目的層。本文利用地震資料以構(gòu)造特征入手,采用構(gòu)造地質(zhì)學(xué)的理論和方法,對(duì)渤海灣盆地黃金帶油田沙河街組和東營(yíng)組地層進(jìn)行了構(gòu)造特征、斷裂特征、構(gòu)造演化過(guò)程以及微構(gòu)造的詳細(xì)研究。通過(guò)此次研究,取得了以下成果和認(rèn)識(shí)。(1)本區(qū)在古近紀(jì)先后經(jīng)歷了張性應(yīng)力場(chǎng)和扭性應(yīng)力場(chǎng),而扭性應(yīng)力場(chǎng)又派生出兩個(gè)方向互相垂直的拉張應(yīng)力場(chǎng)和擠壓應(yīng)力場(chǎng)。因此本區(qū)在復(fù)雜的應(yīng)力場(chǎng)的作用下,發(fā)育了豐富的構(gòu)造樣式。認(rèn)為在沙三早期拉張應(yīng)力場(chǎng)作用下形成了二界溝斷層;沙三晚期和沙一期應(yīng)力場(chǎng)較弱時(shí)形成了駕掌寺斷層,并存在北西-南東的伸展構(gòu)造作用;而在東營(yíng)期應(yīng)力場(chǎng)較強(qiáng)時(shí)期,由于右旋扭應(yīng)力場(chǎng)派生的南北向拉張應(yīng)力場(chǎng)和東西向擠壓應(yīng)力場(chǎng),為走滑構(gòu)造變形體制,最大主應(yīng)力方向?yàn)榻鼥|西向,表現(xiàn)為北東向右旋走滑,東西向擠壓和南北向伸展的構(gòu)造變形特征,伴有縱彎褶皺的發(fā)育;同時(shí),二界溝斷層作為構(gòu)造帶邊界對(duì)局部應(yīng)力場(chǎng)的方向造成改變。(2)構(gòu)造演化特征對(duì)烴源巖、儲(chǔ)層、蓋層的發(fā)育以及油氣的運(yùn)移、聚集、保存具有重要的控制作用。沙三期本區(qū)主干斷層強(qiáng)烈活動(dòng),控制了黃金帶深陷區(qū)的形成,其中沙三中亞段為湖相沉積,發(fā)育純而厚的泥巖,是本區(qū)主要烴源巖。沙三末期,由于構(gòu)造運(yùn)動(dòng)的變化,整體抬升,沙二段遭到剝蝕,與上覆地層的接觸方式為平行不整合接觸,接觸面附近的儲(chǔ)層物性被改善。沙一期為構(gòu)造平穩(wěn)期,地層緩慢沉降,本區(qū)廣泛發(fā)育扇三角洲沉積體系,為本區(qū)的主要儲(chǔ)層。東營(yíng)期為本區(qū)強(qiáng)烈走滑時(shí)期,同時(shí)也是本區(qū)烴源巖的大量排烴時(shí)期。沙三期發(fā)育的斷層重新活動(dòng),由于溝通烴源巖,而成為油氣垂向運(yùn)移的通道。新產(chǎn)生的斷層則成為油氣從沙一段儲(chǔ)層二次運(yùn)移至東營(yíng)組儲(chǔ)層的通道。地層縱彎褶皺產(chǎn)生了相對(duì)高差,為油氣橫向運(yùn)移提供了動(dòng)力。東營(yíng)期結(jié)束,本區(qū)構(gòu)造定型,斷層停止活動(dòng),從油氣運(yùn)移通道轉(zhuǎn)而成為為油氣聚集提供遮擋條件。復(fù)雜的斷裂系統(tǒng)和地層褶皺使本區(qū)的背斜圈閉、斷層圈閉等構(gòu)造圈閉十分發(fā)育,為油氣聚集提供了場(chǎng)所。
[Abstract]:The complex fault depression basin is a typical feature of the gold belt oilfield, and the strike slip affects the oil field, which results in the fault complex, small amplitude, small area fault block and fault nose as the main local structure in this area. The oil and gas accumulation is controlled by the structure. Therefore, it is of great significance to determine fault characteristics and analyze their relationship with oil-water distribution. The gold belt oil field is located in the southern depression of the eastern depression of Liaohe basin. From west to east, it can be divided into the west Xinkai slope zone, the central gold belt fault anticline belt and the eastern Jiazhansi slope belt with the Erjiegou fault and the Jiazhansi fault as the boundary. The strata of Shahejie formation and Dongying formation are rich in oil and gas and rich in structural style. Based on the structural characteristics of seismic data and the theory and method of structural geology, the structural characteristics and fault characteristics of Shahejie formation and Dongying formation in Jinzhuan Oilfield of Bohai Bay Basin have been carried out in this paper. Detailed study of tectonic evolution and microstructures. Through this study, the following results and understandings have been obtained. (1) in Paleogene, the area has experienced the tensional stress field and the torsional stress field, and the torsional stress field has derived the tensile stress field and the squeeze stress field which are perpendicular to each other in both directions. Therefore, rich structural patterns have been developed in this area under the action of complex stress field. It is considered that the Erjiegou fault was formed under the action of tensile stress field in the early stage of Sha 3, the Jiazhansi fault was formed when the stress field was weak in the late stage of the third stage and the first stage of the sand, and the extensional tectonics of the north west to the south east existed. In the period of strong stress field in Dongying period, the direction of the maximum principal stress is near east-west direction, and the maximum principal stress direction is near east-west direction, because of the S-N tensile stress field derived from the right-torsional stress field and the east-west compressive stress field, it is a strike-slip structure, and the maximum principal stress direction is near east-west direction, which is manifested by the north-east right-lateral strike-slip. The tectonic deformation characteristics of east-west compression and north-south extension are accompanied by the development of longitudinally bent folds; At the same time, as the boundary of the structural zone, the second boundary fault changes the direction of the local stress field. (2) structural evolution features play an important role in controlling the development of source rock, reservoir, caprock, migration, accumulation and preservation of oil and gas. The strong activity of the main faults in this area controls the formation of the gold belt, in which the middle part of the third part is lacustrine sedimentary with pure and thick mudstone, which is the main hydrocarbon source rock in this area. In the late stage of Sha 3, due to the change of tectonic movement, the whole uplift, the erosion of the second member of the sand, the parallel unconformity contact with the overlying strata, and the improvement of the physical properties of the reservoir near the contact surface. The first stage of Sha is a stable period with slow subsidence of strata. Fan delta sedimentary system is widely developed in this area, which is the main reservoir in this area. Dongying period is a strong strike-slip period and a large amount of hydrocarbon expulsion period. The fault reactivity developed in the third stage of Sha 3 became the channel of vertical migration of oil and gas due to the communication of source rocks. The newly generated fault is a channel for the secondary migration of oil and gas from the reservoir of Sha 1 member to the reservoir of Dongying formation. The vertical bend fold produces relative height difference, which provides the power for the lateral migration of oil and gas. At the end of Dongying period, the structure of this area is fixed, the fault is stopped, and the migration channel of oil and gas is changed into the condition of blocking the accumulation of oil and gas. The complex fault system and stratigraphic fold make the structural traps such as anticline traps and fault traps well developed, which provides a place for oil and gas accumulation.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：東北石油大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級(jí)別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2016
【分類(lèi)號(hào)】：P618.13

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