疏松砂巖工程地質(zhì)特性研究
[Abstract]:Loose sandstone is a kind of rock stratum which has been exposed in the important underground engineering in recent years, such as loose structure, poor self-stability, water gushing, collapse and other engineering accidents. In view of the deficiency of the present research on its engineering geological properties, this paper takes loose sandstone as the research object, relies on many existing building and construction projects, through field investigation, adopts systematic indoor experiments. The basic engineering geological characteristics of loose sandstone are analyzed and summarized, and the freezing effect and genetic problems are deeply studied and discussed. It complements and enriches the study of the basic characteristics of loose sandstone, especially the basic laws and mechanisms of physical and mechanical properties, structural characteristics, etc. To provide theoretical and experimental data for further research and engineering construction of loose sandstone in geotechnical engineering field. In this paper, the following conclusions are obtained: (1) the study of the distribution characteristics and material composition of loose sandstone shows that the loose sandstone is widely distributed, mainly located in the east of Gansu and Lanzhou basin in the middle of Gansu; Belonging to one or more layers of the red beds, which are Neogene and Paleogene sediments; Its material composition is single, mainly quartz, the content of cement is very little, impurity content is very few. (2) the structure and physical and mechanical properties of loose sandstone show that it belongs to the granular structure like continuum medium macroscopically; Microscopically, it belongs to skeleton structure, poor cementation, and forms uniform and loose pore structure type: low mechanical strength, weak lithology and very soft rock. Loose sandstone belongs to shaly silt (fine) sandstone with loose structure and large porosity. Physical and mechanical properties are poor, close to loose sand, weak permeability, easy to disintegrate, low shear strength and low compressibility. (3) the freezing effect of loose sandstone shows that its physical and mechanical properties and structural characteristics are affected by freeze-thaw process. In physical properties, the characteristics of water content, density and permeability change with the change of freezing state, and the structural effects in freezing and thawing process include the change of its whole structure, the creation of microcracks, the change of pores and the change of clay minerals, etc. Freezing greatly improved its mechanical strength, but its strength deteriorated after thawing and was lower than that of natural state. During the process of freeze-thaw, the variation of physical and mechanical properties should be taken into account and reasonably utilized. (4) the study on the genesis of loose sandstone shows that it belongs to the product of wind-sand activity and is affected by the effect of water environment in the later stage. Loose sandstone has the characteristics of weak diagenesis and complex diagenetic environment. It is the product of aeolian sand formed in arid climate and adapted to dry and hot climate. It is also affected by late occurrence environment and diagenesis. The arid climate and environment of Neogene and Paleogene were discussed.
【學(xué)位授予單位】:蘭州大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級別】:碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】:2015
【分類號】:P642
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