發(fā)布時(shí)間：2018-11-27 10:15

【摘要】：新疆伊犁河谷地處我國(guó)西北干旱綠洲區(qū),歐亞大陸腹地,氣候溫和濕潤(rùn),水土資源豐富。然而隨著區(qū)域社會(huì)經(jīng)濟(jì)的發(fā)展,對(duì)水資源的需求不斷增大,水資源的不合理開(kāi)發(fā)利用引發(fā)的生態(tài)環(huán)境問(wèn)題也逐漸顯現(xiàn)。伊犁河河水是地下水的主要補(bǔ)給項(xiàng)與排泄項(xiàng),河水與地下水的關(guān)系密切且轉(zhuǎn)化頻繁。而不同區(qū)域河床沉積物滲透系數(shù)的大小又決定了河水與地下水水力聯(lián)系的強(qiáng)弱及轉(zhuǎn)化強(qiáng)度的大小。因此,開(kāi)展區(qū)域河床沉積物滲透系數(shù)空間變異性以及河水與地下水轉(zhuǎn)化關(guān)系的研究具有重要的理論與實(shí)踐意義。本文選取新疆伊犁—鞏乃斯河為研究對(duì)象,調(diào)查分析了伊犁—鞏乃斯河谷水文地質(zhì)條件,采用降水頭豎管試驗(yàn)法、多孔介質(zhì)垂向滲透儀法、顆粒分析法以及雙環(huán)試驗(yàn)法四種方法測(cè)定河床沉積物垂向滲透系數(shù)Kv,通過(guò)對(duì)比分析及統(tǒng)計(jì)學(xué)方法研究了Kv空間變異性;用溫度示蹤法研究河水與地下水轉(zhuǎn)化關(guān)系。研究表明:(1)四種不同試驗(yàn)方法所測(cè)滲透系數(shù)結(jié)果相差不大,基本小于5 m/d,較符合實(shí)際結(jié)果。按所測(cè)試的Kv值從大到小排列測(cè)試方法依次為雙環(huán)試驗(yàn)法、垂向滲透儀試驗(yàn)法、降水頭豎管試驗(yàn)法,其中顆粒分析法試驗(yàn)結(jié)果誤差最大。(2)在伊犁—鞏乃斯河谷,無(wú)論是垂直河道方向的河南、北兩岸,還是沿河道方向由上游到下游,其滲透系數(shù)均服從正態(tài)分布。且沿河道方向利用降水頭豎管試驗(yàn)法測(cè)試的垂向滲透系數(shù)的正態(tài)檢驗(yàn)結(jié)果比垂直河道方向的Kv更符合正態(tài)分布。(3)通過(guò)傳統(tǒng)統(tǒng)計(jì)學(xué)方法對(duì)伊犁—鞏乃斯河谷河床沉積物滲透系數(shù)的空間變異性分析,無(wú)論是垂直河道方向的河南、北兩岸,還是沿河道方向由上游到下游,其滲透系數(shù)變異性為中等-強(qiáng)。且沿河道方向的滲透系數(shù)空間變異性強(qiáng)于垂直河道方向,上游沉積物滲透系數(shù)的空間變異性強(qiáng)于下游。(4)由溫度示蹤試驗(yàn)測(cè)試的淺層地下水溫度隨時(shí)間及深度的變化曲線可以發(fā)現(xiàn),河水接受地下水補(bǔ)給時(shí),淺層地下水溫度受熱量交換影響較大,波動(dòng)較顯著;河水補(bǔ)給地下水時(shí),淺層地下水溫度受地下水溫度的緩沖作用,其波動(dòng)較平緩。(5)通過(guò)溫度示蹤法及水動(dòng)力學(xué)方法求解河水與地下水垂向交換滲流速度,介于0—8 cm/d間,并對(duì)其結(jié)果進(jìn)行對(duì)比,可以發(fā)現(xiàn)二者結(jié)果基本吻合。溫度示蹤法作為一種新興的水文地質(zhì)方法,在河床交互帶地表水與地下水轉(zhuǎn)化關(guān)系及水動(dòng)力交換量的計(jì)算中有較高的準(zhǔn)確性。
[Abstract]:Xinjiang Yili River Valley is located in arid oasis region of northwest China, Eurasia hinterland with mild and humid climate and abundant soil and water resources. However, with the development of regional society and economy, the demand for water resources is increasing, and the ecological environmental problems caused by unreasonable exploitation and utilization of water resources are also gradually appearing. Yili River is the main recharge and discharge of groundwater. The permeability coefficient of river bed sediment in different regions determines the hydraulic relation between river water and groundwater and the intensity of transformation. Therefore, it is of great theoretical and practical significance to study the spatial variability of regional river bed sediment permeability coefficient and the relationship between river water and groundwater conversion. In this paper, the hydrogeological conditions of Yili Gongnisi River valley in Xinjiang are investigated and analyzed. The vertical percolation method of porous media and the vertical penetrameter of porous media are used to test the hydrogeological conditions of the river. The vertical permeability coefficient (Kv,) of riverbed sediment was measured by particle analysis and double loop test. The spatial variability of Kv was studied by comparative analysis and statistical method. The relationship between river water and groundwater was studied by temperature tracer method. The results show that: (1) the osmotic coefficient measured by the four different test methods has little difference and is less than 5 m / d, which is in good agreement with the actual results. According to the Kv values measured from large to small, the order of test methods are double loop test, vertical osmometer test and vertical precipitation head test, among which the particle analysis method has the largest error. (2) in the Yili-Gongnays valley, No matter the perpendicular channel direction of Henan, the north banks or the direction of the river channel from upstream to downstream, the permeability coefficient is from normal distribution. The vertical permeability coefficient measured by vertical pipe test along river channel direction is more consistent with normal distribution than Kv in vertical channel direction. (3) the traditional statistical method is applied to the Yili-Gunas valley. Spatial variability analysis of permeability coefficient of river bed sediment, The variation of permeability coefficient is medium-strong both in the north bank and in the river channel direction from upstream to downstream. The spatial variability of the permeability coefficient along the channel direction is stronger than that along the vertical channel direction. The spatial variability of the permeability coefficient of the upstream sediment is stronger than that of the downstream. (4) the variation curve of the temperature of shallow groundwater with time and depth measured by temperature tracer test can be found that, when the river water receives groundwater recharge, The temperature of shallow groundwater is greatly affected by heat exchange and fluctuates significantly. When a river recharges groundwater, the temperature of shallow groundwater is cushioned by the temperature of groundwater, and its fluctuation is relatively smooth. (5) the vertical exchange seepage velocity between river water and groundwater is calculated by temperature tracer method and hydrodynamic method. The results between 0-8 cm/d and 0-8 cm/d were in good agreement with each other. As a new hydrogeological method, the temperature tracer method has high accuracy in the calculation of the relationship between surface water and groundwater and the calculation of hydrodynamic exchange volume in the river bed interaction zone.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：長(zhǎng)安大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級(jí)別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2017
【分類號(hào)】：P641.2

【參考文獻(xiàn)】

相關(guān)期刊論文 前10條

1 張波;宋進(jìn)喜;曹明明;蔣衛(wèi)威;王元元;張軍龍;;渭河陜西段河床滲透系數(shù)時(shí)空變化規(guī)律及其機(jī)制研究[J];干旱區(qū)資源與環(huán)境;2016年06期

2 黃金廷;馬洪云;張俊;董佳秋;王冬;;利用土壤溫度估算土壤有效熱導(dǎo)系數(shù)和水流通量[J];地質(zhì)通報(bào);2015年11期

3 林晶晶;馬瑞;孫自永;魏文浩;王爍;;河水與地下水作用帶內(nèi)井中流對(duì)溫度示蹤結(jié)果影響的實(shí)驗(yàn)研究[J];水文地質(zhì)工程地質(zhì);2015年05期

4 吳志偉;宋漢周;;溫度時(shí)序資料確定地下水流速解析模型靈敏度分析[J];水科學(xué)進(jìn)展;2013年06期

5 馬瑞;董啟明;孫自永;鄭春苗;;地表水與地下水相互作用的溫度示蹤與模擬研究進(jìn)展[J];地質(zhì)科技情報(bào);2013年02期

6 程春龍;束龍倉(cāng);王茂枚;張春艷;唐然;;長(zhǎng)江江蘇段河床沉積物滲透系數(shù)試驗(yàn)研究[J];水電能源科學(xué);2011年11期

7 李金榮;韓新正;萬(wàn)紅友;于魯冀;楊振放;劉寶;;滲透系數(shù)的空間變異研究[J];中國(guó)農(nóng)村水利水電;2011年02期

8 蘇小四;萬(wàn)玉玉;董維紅;侯光才;;馬蓮河河水與地下水的相互關(guān)系:水化學(xué)和同位素證據(jù)[J];吉林大學(xué)學(xué)報(bào)(地球科學(xué)版);2009年06期

9 王文科;李俊亭;王釗;馮西洲;徐敏;王文明;楊麗君;;河流與地下水關(guān)系的演化及若干科學(xué)問(wèn)題[J];吉林大學(xué)學(xué)報(bào)(地球科學(xué)版);2007年02期

10 滕彥國(guó);左銳;王金生;;地表水-地下水的交錯(cuò)帶及其生態(tài)功能[J];地球與環(huán)境;2007年01期

，

本文編號(hào)：2360382