【摘要】：本文通過對貴州大方地區(qū)野外踏勘及室內(nèi)資料整理與分析,結(jié)合測制野外實(shí)測地層剖面得到的沉積構(gòu)造、巖石組合特征、生物化石等資料,參考前人已得的數(shù)據(jù)資料,對研究區(qū)內(nèi)的地層進(jìn)行綜合分析,將地層做了劃分。并且分析總結(jié)了研究區(qū)內(nèi)中-晚三疊世的沉積相,得出研究區(qū)中-晚三疊世的沉積相模式。以下為實(shí)測剖面:A-貴州省大方縣高枧鄉(xiāng)岔河關(guān)嶺組-二橋組實(shí)測地層剖面、B-貴州省響水鄉(xiāng)菁口楊柳井組-二橋組實(shí)測地層剖面、C-貴州省大方縣羊場鎮(zhèn)高家莊關(guān)嶺組實(shí)測地層剖面、D-貴州省黔西縣沙窩鄉(xiāng)關(guān)嶺組實(shí)剖面、E-貴州省黔西縣五里鄉(xiāng)芝壩中楊柳井組-改茶組實(shí)測地層剖面。根據(jù)剖面的資料和研究成果,得出研究區(qū)內(nèi)地層的巖性、巖石組合等特征,結(jié)合上述研究成果將研究區(qū)巖石地層劃分為關(guān)嶺組(獅子山段、松子坎段)、楊柳井組、改茶組和二橋組。根據(jù)研究區(qū)內(nèi)地層中所含古生物的化石種類、特征、出露層位等,在貴州大方地區(qū)建立了兩個雙殼化石組合帶。分別為雙殼Myophria(Costatoria)goldfussi-Halobia rugosoides組合帶、雙殼Indosinion—Permophorus組合帶。研究區(qū)內(nèi)生物化石種類以及含量并不是特別豐富,本文根據(jù)已有化石特征再結(jié)合前人的數(shù)據(jù)資料,進(jìn)行年代地層劃分。研究區(qū)內(nèi)關(guān)嶺組與楊柳井組對應(yīng)年代地層的中三疊統(tǒng),分別與安尼階下部及上部相當(dāng);改茶組歸于中三疊統(tǒng),大致與拉丁階中下部相當(dāng);而二橋組的年代地層歸于上三疊統(tǒng)瑞替階。根據(jù)研究區(qū)內(nèi)地層劃分對比和沉積構(gòu)造分析研究,對研究區(qū)內(nèi)進(jìn)行沉積相分析。貴州大方地區(qū)中-上三疊統(tǒng)地層可以劃分為兩類:碳酸鹽臺地相和河流相。研究區(qū)內(nèi)的碳酸鹽臺地沉積相可以細(xì)分為局限臺地亞相、開闊臺地亞相、蒸發(fā)臺地亞相和淺灘亞相。河流沉積相可以劃分為辮狀河亞相和曲流河亞相。根據(jù)研究區(qū)內(nèi)中-上三疊統(tǒng)沉積相研究所得成果,進(jìn)一步分析并創(chuàng)建了貴州大方地區(qū)中-晚三疊世沉積相模式,并總結(jié)得出研究區(qū)的沉積相模式圖。根據(jù)以上工作進(jìn)一步總結(jié)分析得出三疊紀(jì)時期大方地區(qū)的古地理演化:研究區(qū)屬于貴州海盆,其位于西南海盆中心,是一個半封閉的環(huán)境。研究區(qū)內(nèi)中三疊世早期為快速海侵形成開闊的淺海,中期則變成由海退形成的半封閉內(nèi)陸海,直到中期結(jié)束研究區(qū)內(nèi)都為海相沉積。然而到晚期時,研究區(qū)內(nèi)海水全部撤出,從而形成陸相沉積。
[Abstract]:In this paper, based on the field survey and indoor data analysis in Dangxiang, Guizhou, combined with the sedimentary structure, rock assemblage characteristics, biological fossils and other data obtained from the stratigraphic profiles measured in the field, this paper refers to the data obtained by the predecessors. The stratigraphy in the study area is analyzed synthetically, and the stratigraphy is divided. The sedimentary facies of the Middle-Late Triassic in the study area are analyzed and summarized, and the sedimentary facies model of the Middle-Late Triassic in the study area is obtained. The following are the measured sections: the actual formation profile of the Gaozhang River Guanling formation and Erqiao formation in Gaozhou-Erqiao formation, Dafang County, Guizhou Province, and the formation profile of the Yangliujing formation and Erqiao formation in Xiangshuixiang, Xianghiankou, Guizhou Province, B- Guizhou Province. The measured stratigraphic profile of Yangchang Town, Gajiazhuang Guanling formation, D- Guizhou Qianxi County Shawo Xiang Guanling formation, E- Guizhou Province Qianxi County, Guizhou Province, the Yangliujing formation in the middle of the Yangliujing formation to the tea formation is measured. According to the data of the section and the research results, the lithology and rock assemblage of the strata in the study area are obtained. Combined with the above research results, the lithostratigraphy of the study area is divided into Guanling formation (Shizishan formation, Songzikan formation), Yangliujing formation, Change tea group and Erqiao group. According to the fossil species, characteristics and outcrop position of paleontology in the strata of the study area, two bivalve fossil assemblages have been established in Dangang area, Guizhou Province. It is a double shell Myophria (Costatoria) goldfussi-Halobia rugosoides composite band and a double shell Indosinion-Permophorus composite band respectively. The species and contents of fossils are not particularly abundant in the study area. In this paper, the chronostratigraphic classification is carried out according to the characteristics of the existing fossils and the previous data. The middle Triassic corresponding to Yangliujing formation and Guanling formation in the study area is equivalent to the lower and upper part of the Ani rank respectively, and the modified tea formation belongs to the middle Triassic, which is roughly equivalent to the middle and lower part of the Latin rank. The chronostratigraphy of Erqiao formation belongs to the upper Triassic RET order. According to stratigraphic division and correlation and sedimentary structure analysis in the study area, sedimentary facies in the study area are analyzed. The Middle-Upper Triassic strata in the Dangang area of Guizhou can be divided into two types: carbonate platform facies and fluvial facies. The carbonate platform sedimentary facies in the study area can be subdivided into limited platform subfacies, open platform subfacies, evaporation platform subfacies and shoal subfacies. The fluvial sedimentary facies can be divided into braided river subfacies and meandering river subfacies. Based on the results of the study on the sedimentary facies of the Middle-Upper Triassic in the study area, the sedimentary facies model of the Middle-Late Triassic in the Dangang area of Guizhou Province was further analyzed and established, and the sedimentary facies model map of the study area was summarized. According to the above work, the paleogeographic evolution of Dangang area during the Triassic period is concluded: the study area belongs to the Guizhou basin, which is located in the center of the southwest sea basin and is a semi-closed environment. In the study area, the early Middle Triassic formed open shallow sea by rapid transgression, and in the middle period it became a semi-enclosed inland sea formed by regression, until the end of the study area, all of them were marine deposits. However, by the late stage, the sea water in the study area was completely withdrawn, thus forming continental deposits.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：成都理工大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2017
【分類號】：P512.2;P534.51

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