【摘要】：鄱陽湖生態(tài)經(jīng)濟(jì)區(qū)位于中國南方紅壤區(qū),廣泛分布著以網(wǎng)紋紅土為主的紅壤土層,降雨時間長、強度大、降雨誘發(fā)的滑坡、崩塌等地質(zhì)災(zāi)害頻發(fā)于紅壤土分布區(qū),嚴(yán)重影響生態(tài)建設(shè)進(jìn)程。本文以鄱陽湖生態(tài)經(jīng)濟(jì)區(qū)內(nèi)紅壤土為研究對象,通過對研究區(qū)地質(zhì)災(zāi)害及相關(guān)資料的分析,得到了研究區(qū)的地質(zhì)環(huán)境,氣象水文及地質(zhì)災(zāi)害特征,并通過野外地質(zhì)調(diào)查、理論研究和試驗,掌握紅壤土坡體的工程力學(xué)性質(zhì)、水理性質(zhì)等基本物理性質(zhì);在此基礎(chǔ)上通過討論分析了極端降雨條件下滑坡災(zāi)變的規(guī)律特征。結(jié)合室內(nèi)試驗及相關(guān)數(shù)據(jù)資料統(tǒng)計分析,探討了極端降雨引發(fā)滑坡的破壞機理。(1)對研究區(qū)的區(qū)域地質(zhì)構(gòu)造環(huán)境進(jìn)行論述,并重點對研究區(qū)降雨特征、研究區(qū)滑坡發(fā)生特征及紅壤土特性進(jìn)行闡述。(2)揭示了鄱陽湖生態(tài)經(jīng)濟(jì)區(qū)極端降雨時間分布特征。年際分布上平均1.29次/年,單次持續(xù)多為3~12天,最多持續(xù)29天;月份上主要發(fā)生于每年4~8月,主要是由于梅雨準(zhǔn)靜止鋒導(dǎo)致的長時間持續(xù)降雨及臺風(fēng)導(dǎo)致的短時強降雨,前者在時間上集中于6月中下旬和7月上旬,后者主要發(fā)生于8月份。(3)揭示了鄱陽湖生態(tài)經(jīng)濟(jì)區(qū)極端降雨空間分布特征。在空間分布上,江西省的4個多雨中心分布于研究區(qū)邊緣,直接影響研究區(qū)內(nèi)的極端降雨分布,總體為東南部極端降水偏多、西北部偏少;鄱陽湖盆地區(qū)偏少,周邊丘陵區(qū)和廬山山區(qū)偏多的形式。研究區(qū)極端降雨中心主要有鷹潭—樂平、廬山山區(qū)2個區(qū)域。(4)對極端降雨與滑坡的時空分布相關(guān)性進(jìn)行分析研究。從研究區(qū)的極端降雨時空規(guī)律出發(fā),將極端降雨的年、月、日時間分布規(guī)律和滑坡發(fā)生規(guī)律進(jìn)行對比分析;將研究區(qū)年降雨總量、極端降雨日均雨量、暴雨和大暴雨天數(shù)、持續(xù)暴雨、大暴雨天數(shù)空間分布及其他相關(guān)因子與研究區(qū)滑坡空間位置分布進(jìn)行對比分析。得出研究區(qū)極端降雨條件下紅壤土斜坡災(zāi)變的規(guī)律特征。(5)對極端降雨情況下紅壤土滑坡的發(fā)生機理進(jìn)行分析。分別從紅壤土滑坡發(fā)生的基本條件、降雨對滑坡的力學(xué)機制、孔隙水壓力的作用機制和降雨對坡面沖刷機制這幾個方面進(jìn)行理論分析。
[Abstract]:The Poyang Lake Ecological Economic Zone is located in the red soil region of southern China. It is widely distributed in the red soil layer dominated by reticulated red soil. The rainfall time is long, the intensity is high, the landslide induced by rainfall, the collapse and other geological disasters frequently occur in the distribution area of Yu Hong loam. Seriously affect the progress of ecological construction. Taking red loam soil in Poyang Lake Ecological Economic Zone as the research object, the geological environment, meteorology, hydrology and geological hazard characteristics of the study area are obtained through the analysis of geological hazards and related data in the study area, and the field geological survey is carried out. The basic physical properties of the red soil slope body, such as engineering mechanics, hydrological properties and so on, are studied and tested in theory. On this basis, the characteristics of landslide catastrophe under extreme rainfall are discussed and analyzed. Combined with indoor test and statistical analysis of relevant data, the failure mechanism of landslide caused by extreme rainfall is discussed. (1) the regional geological tectonic environment of the study area is discussed, and the rainfall characteristics of the study area are emphasized. The characteristics of landslide occurrence and red loam were discussed. (2) the characteristics of extreme rainfall time distribution in Poyang Lake Ecological Economic Zone were revealed. The average annual distribution was 1.29 times / year, and the duration of the single time was 3 ~ 12 days, and the maximum duration was 29 days. Months mainly occur in April to August of each year, mainly due to the long and sustained rainfall caused by the Meiyu quasi stationary front and the short time strong rainfall caused by typhoon. The former is concentrated in the middle and late June and the first ten days of July. The latter occurred mainly in August. (3) the spatial distribution of extreme rainfall in Poyang Lake Ecological Economic Zone was revealed. In spatial distribution, the four rainy centers in Jiangxi Province are located at the edge of the study area, which directly affect the distribution of extreme rainfall in the study area, generally speaking, the extreme precipitation is more in the southeast and less in the northwest. Poyang Lake basin area is less, the surrounding hilly area and Lushan mountain area more form. There are two regions in the study area: Yingtan Leping and Lushan Mountain. (4) the correlation between extreme rainfall and landslide distribution is analyzed. Based on the spatio-temporal law of extreme rainfall in the study area, the distribution of the year, month and day of extreme rainfall and the law of landslide occurrence are compared and analyzed. The total annual rainfall, the daily average rainfall of extreme rainfall, the days of heavy rain and heavy rain, the spatial distribution of continuous rainstorm, the days of heavy rain and other related factors were compared with the spatial distribution of landslide in the study area. The characteristics of slope cataclysm of red loam under extreme rainfall in the study area were obtained. (5) the occurrence mechanism of red soil landslide under extreme rainfall was analyzed. The basic conditions for the occurrence of red loam landslide, the mechanics mechanism of rainfall on landslide, the action mechanism of pore water pressure and the mechanism of rainfall erosion on slope are analyzed theoretically.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：東華理工大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2015
【分類號】：P642.22

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本文編號：2355121