下?lián)P子地區(qū)地震發(fā)震特征及對(duì)油氣運(yùn)聚的影響
[Abstract]:Earthquakes include natural and artificial earthquakes. Natural earthquakes refer to the accumulation of huge energy in nature because of the continuous movement and changes of the earth. In some fragile areas of the earth's crust, the rock strata suddenly break down, or the original faults are staggered, and the energy is transferred to the ground. Triggering earthquakes; Artificial earthquakes are designated as small-scale earthquakes for the purpose of prospecting for underground strata. Oil and gas is one of the most important energy sources in the world. The generation, migration and accumulation of petroleum and natural gas are closely related to geological structures, 90% of which are related to earthquakes. The results show that earthquakes have many effects on hydrocarbon generation, migration, accumulation, dispersion and hydrocarbon accumulation and development. In China, the research literature on earthquakes and oil and gas is increasingly abundant, mainly focusing on crustal faults, seismic wave information extraction, oil and gas preservation and so on. However, there is little research on earthquake occurrence characteristics and the influence of oil and gas preservation. Based on the formation mechanism of natural earthquakes and the mechanism of oil and gas accumulation, this paper studies the seismogenic characteristics of natural earthquakes from the aspects of time, space, source and waveform, and studies the collection and processing of seismic waves. In addition, the oil and gas distribution law can be determined by ICA acquisition technique, and the corresponding oil and gas information can be analyzed according to the actual situation in Lower Yangtze area. On this basis, the effects of earthquakes on oil and gas migration, accumulation, reservoir formation and re-destruction are analyzed. The main influencing factors of hydrocarbon migration and accumulation in the following areas are studied. The results show that earthquake is a good condition to open up oil and gas migration channel because of the occurrence of earthquake accompanied by the formation of a large number of faults, and it also plays a certain lateral sealing effect on oil and gas in addition to the transportation, and makes oil and gas accumulate. At the same time, the formation of oil and gas reservoirs have a certain damage, causing them to dissipate or move upward. For the lower Yangtze area, two sets of fault systems are mainly developed: NE-NNE fault system and NWW fault system. Faults control the formation of oil and gas traps, mainly by fault nose; The fault activity controls the period of hydrocarbon migration and accumulation and the horizon of oil and gas migration and accumulation, forming the lower generation and upper reservoir as auxiliary, self-generated self-reservoir as the main vertical multiple sets of oil and gas accumulation, and the closed fault controlling the self-generated and self-stored oil and gas accumulation. Mudstone caprocks control the formation of upper reservoir oil and gas reservoirs.
【學(xué)位授予單位】:東北石油大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級(jí)別】:碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】:2015
【分類號(hào)】:P618.13;P631.4
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