【摘要】：利用海洋可控源電磁法(CSEM)進(jìn)行海洋石油勘探已經(jīng)成為國際上的熱點,CSEM法可以用來研究大洋地殼、調(diào)查海底沉積物分布和勘探海底油氣資源。CSEM法可以通過觀測油氣藏和低阻圍巖電阻率的差異所產(chǎn)生的電磁異常,確定油氣儲層的分布范圍。在國外,海洋可控源電磁法的研究起步較早,發(fā)展比較迅速,而我國海洋電磁的研究則剛剛起步。因此,我國需要加強CSEM法的數(shù)值模擬和反演研究。本文詳細(xì)分析了國內(nèi)外海洋可控源電磁法正反演發(fā)展現(xiàn)狀,在此基礎(chǔ)上,推導(dǎo)了二維有限差分的基本公式,闡述了二維點源坐標(biāo)下差分原理、面積離散法、網(wǎng)格剖分方法;實現(xiàn)海洋CSEM二維正演。利用有限差分二維正演程序,正演模擬了單棱柱模型,對比了不同深度、發(fā)射頻率以及不同場分量、不同電阻率下的電磁響應(yīng)。同時對不同油藏模型(背斜、斷層和潛山油氣藏)進(jìn)行了正演模擬,分析了不同模型的電磁響應(yīng)規(guī)律。在正演模擬的基礎(chǔ)上,實現(xiàn)海洋可控源電磁的非線性共軛梯度反演。首先介紹了CSEM非線性共軛梯度方法,然后利用matlab編程實現(xiàn)海洋可控源電磁二維反演。對單棱柱模型和背斜油氣藏模型進(jìn)行了反演,反演結(jié)果表明,采用水平電場分量的實部和虛部可以較好地反演出高阻油氣藏的橫向位置和電阻率,垂向位置和垂向范圍有一定的偏差。同時,本文還對實際可控源電磁數(shù)據(jù)進(jìn)行了反演,結(jié)果表明,本文反演結(jié)果與測井和地震的結(jié)果一致性較好。
[Abstract]:Ocean oil exploration by using ocean controllable source electromagnetic method (CSEM) has become a hot spot in the world, and CSEM method can be used to study the oceanic crust. CSEM method can determine the distribution range of oil and gas reservoir by observing the electromagnetic anomaly caused by the difference of resistivity between oil and gas reservoir and low resistivity surrounding rock. In foreign countries, the research of ocean controlled source electromagnetic method started earlier and developed rapidly, but the study of ocean electromagnetic method in our country has just started. Therefore, our country needs to strengthen the numerical simulation and inversion research of CSEM method. In this paper, the current situation of forward inversion of ocean controllable source electromagnetic method is analyzed in detail. On this basis, the basic formula of two-dimensional finite difference is derived, and the difference principle, area discretization method and mesh generation method in two-dimensional point source coordinates are expounded. Ocean CSEM 2-D forward modeling is realized. The single prism model is simulated by using the finite difference two-dimensional forward modeling program. The electromagnetic responses of different depths, emission frequencies, field components and resistivity are compared. At the same time, the forward modeling of different reservoir models (anticline, fault and buried hill reservoir) is carried out, and the electromagnetic response of different models is analyzed. Based on forward modeling, nonlinear conjugate gradient inversion of ocean controllable source electromagnetic is realized. Firstly, the CSEM nonlinear conjugate gradient method is introduced, and then the 2-D electromagnetic inversion of ocean controllable source is realized by matlab programming. The inversion of single prism model and anticline reservoir model shows that the lateral position and resistivity of high resistivity oil and gas reservoir can be well reversed by using the real and imaginary parts of horizontal electric field component. There is a certain deviation between vertical position and vertical range. At the same time, the electromagnetic data of the controlled source are inversed in this paper. The results show that the inversion results are in good agreement with the well logging and seismic results.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：中國石油大學(xué)(華東)
【學(xué)位級別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2015
【分類號】：P631.325

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