【摘要】：鉛元素在自然界分布廣泛,其可溶性鹽對(duì)動(dòng)植物及人體有巨大毒性,借助真菌等生物修復(fù)技術(shù)手段清除環(huán)境中鉛污染逐漸成為研究熱點(diǎn)之一。本文使用溶膠凝膠法合成了銳鈦礦電極,通過X射線衍射(XRD)、拉曼測(cè)試、環(huán)境掃描電鏡和電化學(xué)測(cè)試等對(duì)其進(jìn)行了系統(tǒng)表征,進(jìn)而聯(lián)合實(shí)驗(yàn)室分離篩選出的一株黑曲霉Aspergillus niger Bpb1成功構(gòu)建了光-半導(dǎo)體礦物-微生物系統(tǒng)。研究了光電子對(duì)黑曲霉吸附鉛離子的影響,實(shí)驗(yàn)結(jié)果表明銳鈦礦光電子與黑曲霉協(xié)同作用下,實(shí)驗(yàn)組較對(duì)照組鉛離子吸附速率平均增加33.6%,最高增加42%。進(jìn)一步使用環(huán)境掃描電鏡觀察黑曲霉外部形態(tài),發(fā)現(xiàn)光電子不影響鉛礦物的形態(tài)。結(jié)合能譜測(cè)試和前人文獻(xiàn)得知鉛離子與有機(jī)酸結(jié)合形成以有機(jī)鉛鹽為主的礦物,纏繞在菌絲中。本研究實(shí)現(xiàn)了利用光能加速真菌代謝的過程,表明銳鈦礦光電子與黑曲霉協(xié)同作用只對(duì)真菌吸附鉛離子速率產(chǎn)生一定的加強(qiáng),并未影響其成礦形態(tài)。
[Abstract]:Lead is widely distributed in nature and its soluble salt has great toxicity to animals and plants and human body. The removal of lead pollution in the environment by means of bioremediation technology such as fungi has gradually become one of the research hotspots. Anatase electrodes were synthesized by sol-gel method and characterized by X-ray diffraction (XRD) (XRD), Raman spectroscopy, environmental scanning electron microscopy (ESEM) and electrochemical measurement. Furthermore, a strain of Aspergillus Niger Aspergillus niger Bpb1 isolated from the laboratory successfully constructed a photo-semiconductor mineral-microbial system. The effect of photoelectron on the adsorption of lead ions by Aspergillus Niger was studied. The experimental results showed that the adsorption rate of lead ions in the experimental group was increased by 33.6g and 42g in comparison with the control group under the synergistic action of anatase photoelectron and Aspergillus Niger. The external morphology of Aspergillus Niger was observed by environmental scanning electron microscope and it was found that photoelectron did not affect the morphology of lead minerals. Combined with energy spectrum measurement and previous literatures, it was found that lead ions bound with organic acids to form minerals dominated by organic lead salts, which wound in hyphae. In this study, the process of accelerating the metabolism of fungi by using light energy was realized. It was shown that the synergistic action of anatase photoelectron and Aspergillus Niger only enhanced the adsorption rate of lead ions by fungi, and did not affect the metallogenic morphology of fungi.
【作者單位】： 造山帶與地殼演化教育部重點(diǎn)實(shí)驗(yàn)室北京大學(xué)地球與空間科學(xué)學(xué)院礦物環(huán)境功能北京市重點(diǎn)實(shí)驗(yàn)室;
【基金】：國(guó)家重點(diǎn)基礎(chǔ)研究規(guī)劃(973項(xiàng)目)(2014CB846003) 國(guó)家自然科學(xué)基金項(xiàng)目(41672332,41230103)~~
【分類號(hào)】：P579;X505

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本文編號(hào)：2325638