【摘要】：非發(fā)震斷層廣泛存在于地殼中,作為場地條件影響地震波的傳播。因此研究斷層破碎帶對(duì)地震波的放大作用,具有重要的理論意義和工程實(shí)踐價(jià)值。本文利用有限元分析程序FLUSH,結(jié)合一致傳遞邊界,計(jì)算了含破碎帶均勻場地和層狀場地的線性和非線性地震反應(yīng)。全面分析了破碎帶寬度、剛度、傾角和輸入地震波頻譜特性對(duì)地震動(dòng)放大作用的影響;比較了破碎帶對(duì)地震波非線性放大作用與線性放大作用的差別;詳細(xì)分析了在線性和非線性情況下,含破碎帶層狀場地與等效均勻場地對(duì)地震動(dòng)放大作用的不同。研究表明:斷層破碎帶對(duì)附近地表水平加速度具有顯著的放大作用,放大作用峰值出現(xiàn)在破碎帶附近及斷層上盤。破碎帶上盤各點(diǎn)反應(yīng)譜卓越周期明顯比較長,而破碎帶下盤各點(diǎn)反應(yīng)譜卓越周期則比較短。破碎帶寬度越大,破碎帶附近地表加速度峰值越大;破碎帶剛度越低,地表加速度反應(yīng)峰值越大;隨著破碎帶傾角的增大,加速度反應(yīng)最大峰值位置逐漸向破碎帶上盤方向偏移。考慮了土體的非線性特性后,非線性情況豎向加速度最大峰值在某些情況下可以達(dá)到水平加速度最大峰值,非線性情況水平加速度最大峰值完全可能大于線性情況,且非線性情況豎向加速度最大峰值可以顯著大于線性情況。因此,對(duì)工程振動(dòng)問題,應(yīng)根據(jù)工程的重要性適當(dāng)進(jìn)行非線性動(dòng)力分析。層狀場地中破碎帶對(duì)地震波的放大作用顯著大于等效均勻場地�？紤]了土體的非線性特性后,層狀場地相對(duì)于均勻場地的放大倍數(shù)明顯大于線性情況。也就是說,在含破碎帶層狀場地的非線性動(dòng)力分析問題中,按《規(guī)范》方法采用等效的均勻場地模型代替層狀場地模型,會(huì)產(chǎn)生比線性情況更大的誤差。輸入地震波的頻譜對(duì)地震動(dòng)的放大作用有著重要的影響,該影響與場地土體的動(dòng)力特性密切相關(guān)。對(duì)于場地非線性動(dòng)力分析問題,在考慮了破碎帶對(duì)地震波的散射后,地震波與場地土體的共振現(xiàn)象可能會(huì)因散射本身的復(fù)雜性也變得非常復(fù)雜。
[Abstract]:Non-seismogenic faults are widely found in the earth's crust, which, as site conditions, affect the propagation of seismic waves. Therefore, it is of great theoretical significance and practical value to study the amplification of seismic waves by fault fracture zone. In this paper, the linear and nonlinear seismic responses of uniform site and layered site with fractured zone are calculated by using the finite element analysis program FLUSH, and uniform transfer boundary. The influence of the width, stiffness, inclination angle and spectrum characteristics of the input seismic wave on the ground motion amplification is analyzed, and the difference between the nonlinear amplification and the linear amplification of the seismic wave by the broken zone is compared. In the case of linear and nonlinear, the difference of the amplification of ground motion between the layered site with broken zone and the equivalent uniform site is analyzed in detail. The results show that the fault fracture zone has a significant amplification effect on the horizontal acceleration of the surface near the fault zone, and the peak value of the amplification effect occurs near the fracture zone and the upper disk of the fault. The excellent period of each point response spectrum in the breakage band is obviously longer than that in each point response spectrum in the breakage band, but the outstanding period of each point response spectrum in the broken band is relatively short. The larger the width of the broken zone, the greater the peak value of the ground acceleration near the broken zone, the lower the stiffness of the broken zone, the greater the peak value of the surface acceleration response. With the increase of the angle of the breakage zone, the maximum peak position of the acceleration response gradually shifts to the disk direction of the broken zone. After considering the nonlinear characteristics of soil, the maximum vertical acceleration peak can reach the maximum horizontal acceleration peak in some cases, and the maximum horizontal acceleration peak value in the nonlinear case is probably larger than that in the linear case. The maximum vertical acceleration peak in nonlinear case can be significantly larger than that in linear case. Therefore, nonlinear dynamic analysis should be carried out according to the importance of engineering. The amplification effect of broken zone on seismic wave in layered site is significantly larger than that in equivalent homogeneous site. Considering the nonlinear characteristics of soil, the amplification ratio of layered site to uniform site is obviously larger than that of linear situation. That is to say, in the nonlinear dynamic analysis of layered sites with fractured zones, the equivalent uniform site model is used to replace the layered site model according to the "gauge" method, and the error is greater than that in the linear case. The frequency spectrum of the input seismic wave has an important effect on the amplification of the ground motion, which is closely related to the dynamic characteristics of the site and soil. For the nonlinear dynamic analysis of the site, the resonance phenomenon between the seismic wave and the ground soil may become very complicated because of the complexity of the scattering itself after considering the scattering of seismic waves by the broken zone.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：天津大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級(jí)別】：博士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2016
【分類號(hào)】：TU435

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