【摘要】：由于地下水的超采,華北平原的地下水資源面臨嚴(yán)重短缺和生態(tài)環(huán)境惡化的現(xiàn)狀,因此,如何合理規(guī)劃利用水資源及增加地下水資源的儲(chǔ)存量成為研究的重點(diǎn)問(wèn)題。地下水人工回灌技術(shù)在補(bǔ)充地下水資源方面,占有很大作用。本文選取藁城市梨園莊村地下水人工回灌試驗(yàn)場(chǎng)地作為研究區(qū),分析地下水人工補(bǔ)給的效果。以藁城市梨園莊村人工回灌試驗(yàn)場(chǎng)的地質(zhì)、水文地質(zhì)條件分析為基礎(chǔ),運(yùn)用2013-2014年資料,采用GMS地下水模擬軟件,建立了地下水?dāng)?shù)值模擬模型,通過(guò)水位過(guò)程線的擬合識(shí)別校正了水文地質(zhì)參數(shù),并基于地下水回灌試驗(yàn)數(shù)據(jù)對(duì)模型進(jìn)行進(jìn)一步驗(yàn)證,說(shuō)明所建立的模型達(dá)到精度要求,基本反映地下水流系統(tǒng)的水力特征,并分析其水均衡情況,從而為回灌預(yù)測(cè)模型提供合理的參數(shù)。在水流模型的基礎(chǔ)上建立了地下水回灌數(shù)值模型,根據(jù)回灌井?dāng)?shù)目設(shè)計(jì)了單井與多井聯(lián)合回灌兩種回灌方案并分析比較了這兩種方案的回灌效果。結(jié)果說(shuō)明,利用地下水人工回灌,沒有使得研究區(qū)地下水儲(chǔ)存資源量有效恢復(fù),未產(chǎn)生較好的資源效益,這主要是因?yàn)檠芯繀^(qū)范圍較小,封閉性不夠好,側(cè)向流出量較大。方案一較無(wú)回灌相比,回灌結(jié)束時(shí),潛水含水層水位變幅在0.1m以上的影響范圍為0.54km2,地下水位最大升高5.2m;方案二較無(wú)回灌相比,回灌結(jié)束時(shí),潛水含水層水位變幅在0.1m以上的影響范圍為0.38km2,地下水位最大升高1.3m。方案二與方案一比較,整體上水位上升幅度都比較小。在回灌方案一的基礎(chǔ)上建立了場(chǎng)地溶質(zhì)運(yùn)移模型,選擇TDS、總硬度和亞硝酸鹽氮三種指標(biāo)進(jìn)行模擬計(jì)算,分析回灌水中各項(xiàng)指標(biāo)在回灌結(jié)束后的變化分布規(guī)律。結(jié)果顯示:潛水含水層中的TDS、總硬度和亞硝酸鹽氮受回灌影響的范圍分別為34343m2、34877 m2和27929 m2。整體上,隨著溶質(zhì)在地下水中的不斷運(yùn)移,回灌水濃度高出地下水初始濃度值的溶質(zhì)或指標(biāo)(亞硝酸鹽氮)會(huì)在對(duì)流擴(kuò)散、水動(dòng)力彌散等作用下逐漸降低;回灌水濃度低于地下水初始濃度值的溶質(zhì)或指標(biāo)(TDS和總硬度)可有效降低臨近區(qū)域的相應(yīng)濃度。
[Abstract]:Due to the overexploitation of groundwater, groundwater resources in North China Plain are faced with serious shortage and deterioration of ecological environment. Therefore, how to rationally plan and utilize water resources and increase the storage and storage of groundwater resources has become a key issue in the study. Artificial recharge of groundwater plays an important role in replenishing groundwater resources. In this paper, the artificial recharge test site of groundwater in Liyuanzhuang Village of Gaocheng City was selected as the research area to analyze the effect of artificial recharge of groundwater. Based on the analysis of geological and hydrogeological conditions of artificial recharge test site in Liyuanzhuang Village in Gaocheng City, the numerical simulation model of groundwater was established by using the data of 2013-2014 and GMS software. The hydrogeological parameters are corrected by the fitting identification of the water level process line, and the model is further verified based on the groundwater recharge test data, which shows that the established model meets the precision requirements and basically reflects the hydraulic characteristics of the groundwater flow system. The water balance is analyzed so as to provide reasonable parameters for the recharge prediction model. Based on the flow model, a numerical model of groundwater recharge is established. According to the number of recharge wells, two combined recharge schemes of single well and multi-well are designed, and the effects of the two schemes are analyzed and compared. The results show that the artificial recharge of groundwater does not effectively restore the amount of groundwater resources stored in the study area, and does not produce better resource benefit, which is mainly due to the small scope of the study area, the poor sealing and the large amount of lateral outflow. At the end of the recharge, the range of water level variation above 0.1 m is 0.54 km ~ 2, and the maximum increase of groundwater level is 5.2 m, and the second scheme is less than no recharge, and at the end of the recharge, the maximum increase of groundwater level is 5.2 m. The range of variation of groundwater level above 0.1 m is 0.38 km ~ 2, and the maximum increase of groundwater level is 1.3 m. Scheme two compares with scheme one, the rise of water level is small on the whole. On the basis of the recharge scheme 1, the site solute transport model was established. The total hardness of TDS, and nitrite nitrogen were selected to simulate and calculate, and the variation and distribution of each index in the recharge water after the recharge was finished were analyzed. The results show that the total hardness of TDS, and the range of nitrite nitrogen affected by the recharge are 34343m2m2Ni34877m2 and 27929 m2 respectively. As a whole, with the continuous migration of solute in groundwater, the solute or index (nitrite nitrogen), which is higher than the initial concentration of groundwater, will gradually decrease under the action of convection diffusion and hydrodynamic dispersion. The solute or index (TDS and total hardness) of reirrigation concentration lower than the initial concentration of groundwater can effectively reduce the corresponding concentration in the adjacent area.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：中國(guó)地質(zhì)大學(xué)(北京)
【學(xué)位級(jí)別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2015
【分類號(hào)】：P641.25

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