秦皇島山羊寨第2地點(diǎn)中更新世動(dòng)物群中的倉(cāng)鼠化石
[Abstract]:Goat stockaded fossil site is located in Haigang District, Qinhuangdao City, Hebei Province, Yangzhai Village-Limestone quarry. Up to now, four independent fossil sites have been found in the quarry. According to the order from south to north, this article has named the site No. 1, No. 2, No. 3 and No. 4 of the Goat Village in turn. The second site is one of the most abundant fossils, and the fossil abundance is rare in the same period (late Middle Pleistocene or late Pleistocene) fauna in northern China. So far, 55 species of mammals have been found in the site, of which 46 are small mammals, and some are often hundreds of pieces of material. This paper mainly studies the abundant hamster materials collected from this site. The specific research results include: 1. Synthesizing the ages of fauna inferred from the aspects of fauna contrast and absolute age determination, and the recent absolute age measured by ESR (Electron Self-Resonance) method. It is considered that the age of the fauna in the second site of the Yangzhai lies in the late Middle Pleistocene or the late Pleistocene, and the former is preferred to the latter. A total of 1625 hamster materials in the fauna have been systematically studied. In order to compare with fossil materials, more than 200 specimens of present hamster subfamily species were observed. 1 2 genera and 3 species of hamster animals were identified from fossil materials. T. triton in Tscherskia, C.longicaudatus in Cricetulus and C. barabensis in Cricetulus are all present species. 2 the differences and similarities between Cricetinusvarians and T.trion of extinct mutant hamster are compared in detail from three aspects: molar size, shape and construction. The results show that the difference between the two species is very small in the above three aspects. It is concluded that C.varians should be abandoned as a late synonym of T.triton. Since C.varians is a generic species of hamster like Cricetinus, it is considered that Cricetinus should also be abandoned as a late synonym of Tscherskia, which was originally attributed to Cricetinus except C. The other 6 species (C. europaeusus C. gritzaius C. beremendensis C. janossyisia C.koufo.siphon C. mesolophidu.s) should also be transferred to Tscher-skia, and the generic characteristics of Tscherski were given. According to the distribution characteristics and the first time of emergence of Tscher.skia species, it is considered that it may have originated in Europe in the early Pleistocene, and then spread to Asia. The morphology of the anterior tip of two small hamsters under ml and their connections to the posterior anterior ridge may be only a reflection of the age of hamster individuals and have no taxonomic significance. By using the Clongicaudatu. And the present C.barabensis specimens were observed and summarized, and the distinguishing features between them were further clarified. These features mainly show that the middle ridge of Ml~2 in the former has weak or no development, the shape of ml coronal plane is more uniform and thin, the anterior tip of ml is more separated and the number of small foramina of medial mandibular muscle attachment surface is more. 4 On the basis of previous views, It is further pointed out that Cricetulus probably originated from northern China during the late Pleistocene or early Pleistocene, and then gradually spread around. 3. The fossil hamster species during the Quaternary period in China were summarized and sorted out. A total of 12 species belonging to 8 genera (not containing many undetermined species, similar species, close species), in addition to three doubtful species, all belong to the hamster subfamily Cricetinae.4, based on the observation of the characteristics of molars in the present specimen. The retrieval table of molar characteristics of some present hamsters (4 genera and 6 species) in China is given.
【學(xué)位授予單位】:西北大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級(jí)別】:碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】:2017
【分類號(hào)】:Q915
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