貴州省印江縣革底滑坡成因機制研究
發(fā)布時間：2018-10-20 18:54
【摘要】：革底滑坡位于貴州省銅仁市印江縣木黃鎮(zhèn),受暴雨作用影響,于2014年7月17日凌晨4時30分,發(fā)生大規(guī)模整體滑移形成小型堰塞湖�；掳l(fā)育于由泥灰?guī)r夾頁巖組成的順層緩傾結構邊坡中,滑坡發(fā)生前,自然斜坡坡度較緩約15°。巖體中發(fā)育有層間軟弱夾層,滑坡運動過程中不同部位表現出不同的運動殘留特征。因此,這種坡度緩的緩傾結構滑坡運動特征研究一定的意義。本文通過詳細的野外地質調查,在查明滑坡地質環(huán)境條件的基礎上,建立了革底滑坡地質結構模型,在此基礎上采用二維和三維離散元方法相結合研究了滑坡的運動特征,綜合分析了革底滑坡的成因機制及演化過程。取得的主要成果如下:(1)革底滑坡發(fā)育于夾有泥質軟弱夾層的順層緩傾邊坡中,坡體的地層巖性主要為奧陶系下統(tǒng)大灣組泥灰?guī)r,巖層產狀為N4°E/NW∠16°,在泥灰?guī)r中夾有兩條泥質軟弱夾層�；虑熬壋手籂�,高程范圍850~890m,后緣近弧形,高程為1020~1040m,最大高差約190m�；露逊e體寬度約500m,縱向長度約750m�；缕露葹�10°~48°,下緩上陡,中部出露假基巖,前緣形成堆積高臺,堵塞河道,形成堰塞湖,主滑方向為282°,滑坡體積約為200萬m3,滑動距離數百米。(2)滑坡的變形破壞跡象主要表現為后緣拉裂及滑體的整體順層滑移。滑坡后緣分布多條拉裂縫,上游側滑坡邊界后緣經過革底6組房屋聚集區(qū),前緣經過村民耕地;下游側邊界后緣出露的泥灰?guī)r陡壁可見明顯擦痕,中部邊界樹木茂密,原本向斜坡底部滑移的巖體,在這里表現為巖層上翹,裂隙沿結構面發(fā)育,邊界在坡腳附近出現在村民耕地中。根據現場測繪和高密度電法物理探測方法分析結果,革底滑坡的滑面深度為1m~40m,最深處位于坡體頂部,在物探剖面中有大量的空洞形成,表明堆積體中部分布有大量的裂縫。(3)采用離散元方法,研究革底滑坡的變形破壞過程和滑坡的運動特征。初期,斜坡頂部出現拉裂破壞,坡腳出現位移;接著中部和后緣淺表層的坡體出現分解滑移現象,后緣的裂縫發(fā)育較深,并開始出現拉陷槽,而前緣坡體的裂縫也貫通至滑面,導致前緣的坡體也開始發(fā)生解體滑移的現象,同時后緣的拉陷槽高差達到15m;最終,坡體整體分解滑移。(4)革底滑坡的變形破壞機制為滑移-拉裂式整體滑坡,由于滑體運動速度不同在局部形成滑移-彎曲現象。將變形破壞過程分為4個階段:第一階段,泥質軟弱夾層的力學強度降低,導致坡體穩(wěn)定性降低,坡腳位置的巖體滑出;第二階段,斜坡中部和上部的泥灰?guī)r中優(yōu)勢發(fā)育的結構面L1形成裂縫,并沿著結構面向坡表發(fā)育;第三階段,在斜坡上部坡表發(fā)生下陷現象,形成后緣邊界,巖體發(fā)生向后的傾倒變形現象;第四階段,坡體完全解體滑移,在前緣堆積并堵塞了河流,形成了堰塞湖。
[Abstract]:GE Di landslide, located in Muhuang Town, Injiang County, Tongren City, Guizhou Province, was affected by heavy rain. At 04:30 on July 17, 2014, a large scale whole slip formed a small barrier lake. The landslide is developed in the bedding gently inclined slope composed of mudstone and shale. The slope of the natural slope is about 15 擄slower before the landslide occurs. There is a weak intercalation in the rock mass, and different parts of the landslide show different movement residual characteristics. Therefore, it is of certain significance to study the landslide movement characteristics of this gently inclined structure. On the basis of detailed field geological investigation and geological environment conditions of landslide, the geological structure model of Gangdi landslide is established. On the basis of this model, the movement characteristics of landslide are studied by combining 2D and 3D discrete element method. The genetic mechanism and evolution process of the Gangdi landslide are analyzed synthetically. The main results obtained are as follows: (1) the Grady landslide developed in the bedding gently inclined slope with muddy weak intercalation, and the stratigraphic lithology of the slope body is mainly limestone of Ordovician Lower Dawan formation. The rock formation is N4 擄E/NW ~ 16 擄, and there are two muddy weak intercalations in the marl. The front edge of the landslide is digitally shaped, with a height range of 850 ~ 890 m, and the posterior edge is nearly arcuate, with a height of 1020 ~ 1040 m, and the maximum height difference is about 190 m. The width of landslide accumulation is about 500m and the longitudinal length is about 750m. The slope of the landslide ranges from 10 擄to 48 擄. The slope of the landslide is 10 擄~ 48 擄, the lower slope is gentle and steep, the central part of the landslide is exposed to pseudo-bedrock, the front edge forms an accumulation platform, the channel is blocked, and a barrier lake is formed. The main slip direction is 282 擄, the volume of landslide is about 2 million m3, and the sliding distance is several hundred meters. (2) the signs of deformation and failure of the landslide are mainly shown as follows: the back edge tension crack and the whole bedding slip of the sliding body. There are many pull cracks in the back edge of the landslide, the back edge of the upper side of the landslide passes through 6 groups of housing accumulation areas, the front edge passes through the villager's cultivated land, the steep wall of the mudstone exposed from the back edge of the downstream side boundary can be seen obvious scratches, and the middle boundary is dense with trees. The rock mass which originally slid to the bottom of the slope is shown here as the rock layer upwardness, the fissure develops along the structural plane, and the boundary appears near the slope foot in the villager cultivated land. According to the results of field mapping and high-density electrical physical detection, the depth of the sliding surface of the Grady landslide is 1 m ~ 40 m, the deepest is located at the top of the slope, and a large number of voids are formed in the geophysical profile. It shows that there are a large number of cracks in the middle of the accumulation body. (3) the deformation and failure process and the movement characteristics of the landslide are studied by using the discrete element method. At the beginning, the top of the slope appeared tensile fracture and the foot of the slope was displaced.Then, the slope body in the middle and the shallow surface of the rear edge appeared the phenomenon of decomposition and slip, and the cracks in the back edge developed deeper, and began to appear the drawing trough, and the cracks in the front slope body also reached the slip surface. The slope body on the leading edge also began to disintegrate and slip, at the same time, the height difference of the pull trough in the back edge reached 15 m. Finally, the slope body was decomposed and slippage. (4) the deformation and failure mechanism of the leathery landslide was the slipping-pull type whole landslide. Due to the different velocities of the sliding body, the slip-bending phenomenon is formed locally. The process of deformation and failure is divided into four stages: in the first stage, the mechanical strength of the muddy weak intercalation decreases, which results in the stability of the slope body reduced and the rock mass at the foot of the slope slide out; in the second stage, In the middle and upper part of the slope, the dominant structural plane L1 formed a crack and developed along the structure facing the slope surface. In the third stage, the subsidence phenomenon occurred in the upper slope surface of the slope, forming the boundary of the back edge. In the fourth stage, the slope body completely disintegrates and slips, accumulates and blocks the river in the front edge, and forms the barrier lake.
【學位授予單位】：成都理工大學
【學位級別】：碩士
【學位授予年份】：2015
【分類號】：P642.22
本文編號：2284081
[Abstract]:GE Di landslide, located in Muhuang Town, Injiang County, Tongren City, Guizhou Province, was affected by heavy rain. At 04:30 on July 17, 2014, a large scale whole slip formed a small barrier lake. The landslide is developed in the bedding gently inclined slope composed of mudstone and shale. The slope of the natural slope is about 15 擄slower before the landslide occurs. There is a weak intercalation in the rock mass, and different parts of the landslide show different movement residual characteristics. Therefore, it is of certain significance to study the landslide movement characteristics of this gently inclined structure. On the basis of detailed field geological investigation and geological environment conditions of landslide, the geological structure model of Gangdi landslide is established. On the basis of this model, the movement characteristics of landslide are studied by combining 2D and 3D discrete element method. The genetic mechanism and evolution process of the Gangdi landslide are analyzed synthetically. The main results obtained are as follows: (1) the Grady landslide developed in the bedding gently inclined slope with muddy weak intercalation, and the stratigraphic lithology of the slope body is mainly limestone of Ordovician Lower Dawan formation. The rock formation is N4 擄E/NW ~ 16 擄, and there are two muddy weak intercalations in the marl. The front edge of the landslide is digitally shaped, with a height range of 850 ~ 890 m, and the posterior edge is nearly arcuate, with a height of 1020 ~ 1040 m, and the maximum height difference is about 190 m. The width of landslide accumulation is about 500m and the longitudinal length is about 750m. The slope of the landslide ranges from 10 擄to 48 擄. The slope of the landslide is 10 擄~ 48 擄, the lower slope is gentle and steep, the central part of the landslide is exposed to pseudo-bedrock, the front edge forms an accumulation platform, the channel is blocked, and a barrier lake is formed. The main slip direction is 282 擄, the volume of landslide is about 2 million m3, and the sliding distance is several hundred meters. (2) the signs of deformation and failure of the landslide are mainly shown as follows: the back edge tension crack and the whole bedding slip of the sliding body. There are many pull cracks in the back edge of the landslide, the back edge of the upper side of the landslide passes through 6 groups of housing accumulation areas, the front edge passes through the villager's cultivated land, the steep wall of the mudstone exposed from the back edge of the downstream side boundary can be seen obvious scratches, and the middle boundary is dense with trees. The rock mass which originally slid to the bottom of the slope is shown here as the rock layer upwardness, the fissure develops along the structural plane, and the boundary appears near the slope foot in the villager cultivated land. According to the results of field mapping and high-density electrical physical detection, the depth of the sliding surface of the Grady landslide is 1 m ~ 40 m, the deepest is located at the top of the slope, and a large number of voids are formed in the geophysical profile. It shows that there are a large number of cracks in the middle of the accumulation body. (3) the deformation and failure process and the movement characteristics of the landslide are studied by using the discrete element method. At the beginning, the top of the slope appeared tensile fracture and the foot of the slope was displaced.Then, the slope body in the middle and the shallow surface of the rear edge appeared the phenomenon of decomposition and slip, and the cracks in the back edge developed deeper, and began to appear the drawing trough, and the cracks in the front slope body also reached the slip surface. The slope body on the leading edge also began to disintegrate and slip, at the same time, the height difference of the pull trough in the back edge reached 15 m. Finally, the slope body was decomposed and slippage. (4) the deformation and failure mechanism of the leathery landslide was the slipping-pull type whole landslide. Due to the different velocities of the sliding body, the slip-bending phenomenon is formed locally. The process of deformation and failure is divided into four stages: in the first stage, the mechanical strength of the muddy weak intercalation decreases, which results in the stability of the slope body reduced and the rock mass at the foot of the slope slide out; in the second stage, In the middle and upper part of the slope, the dominant structural plane L1 formed a crack and developed along the structure facing the slope surface. In the third stage, the subsidence phenomenon occurred in the upper slope surface of the slope, forming the boundary of the back edge. In the fourth stage, the slope body completely disintegrates and slips, accumulates and blocks the river in the front edge, and forms the barrier lake.
【學位授予單位】：成都理工大學
【學位級別】：碩士
【學位授予年份】：2015
【分類號】：P642.22
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