【摘要】：龍門山斷裂地處青藏高原東緣,該地區(qū)是中國大陸地殼運(yùn)動(dòng)最活躍的區(qū)域之一。研究龍門山斷裂的活動(dòng)機(jī)制,不僅能為我們研究青藏高原地殼運(yùn)動(dòng)提供科學(xué)依據(jù),而且能為該區(qū)域地震的預(yù)測預(yù)報(bào)提供有價(jià)值的信息。本文基于GPS觀測數(shù)據(jù)分析了龍門山斷裂區(qū)域震后地殼運(yùn)動(dòng)特征,結(jié)合向位錯(cuò)模型,反演了龍門山斷裂滑動(dòng)與轉(zhuǎn)動(dòng)情況,其次,基于位錯(cuò)模型,采用GPS與InSAR形變數(shù)據(jù),研究了平武-青川斷裂的活動(dòng)情況。本文所作的工作與得到的結(jié)果如下:(1)基于陸態(tài)網(wǎng)絡(luò)09-11基準(zhǔn)站數(shù)據(jù),采用反距離加權(quán)法,擬合龍門山地區(qū)速度場,速度場結(jié)果顯示龍門山斷裂東西兩側(cè)存在速度梯度,速度變化達(dá)8mm/a。采用最小二乘法計(jì)算龍門山區(qū)域應(yīng)變場,應(yīng)變分布顯示龍門山斷裂在震后主要表現(xiàn)為拉張應(yīng)變,斷裂南段仍存在壓應(yīng)變積累。(2)龍門山斷裂現(xiàn)階段主要表現(xiàn)為右旋走滑兼逆沖的活動(dòng)特性,走滑速率最大為3.6mm/a,逆沖速率最大為2.8mm/a。龍門山斷裂存在斷層旋轉(zhuǎn),但旋轉(zhuǎn)的量值較小。龍門山地區(qū)地殼呈現(xiàn)順時(shí)針旋轉(zhuǎn)的運(yùn)動(dòng)趨勢,與龍門山斷層旋轉(zhuǎn)運(yùn)動(dòng)有關(guān)。(3)分別利用GPS、InSAR形變數(shù)據(jù)反演平武-青川斷裂三維滑動(dòng)速率,對比反演結(jié)果發(fā)現(xiàn),GPS反演結(jié)果主要反映斷裂的走滑活動(dòng)特征,InSAR反演結(jié)果主要反映斷裂的傾滑活動(dòng)特征。單一數(shù)據(jù)反演存在局限性,無法全面研究斷層活動(dòng)特性。通過GPS與InSAR形變數(shù)據(jù)聯(lián)合反演可知,平武-青川斷裂主要表現(xiàn)為右旋走滑兼逆沖的活動(dòng)特性,走滑速率為1.0~1.2mm/a,逆沖速率為0.5mm/a。(4)聯(lián)合反演的關(guān)鍵問題是相對權(quán)比的確定問題,相對權(quán)比的大小直接影響反演結(jié)果,與普通聯(lián)合反演相比,相對權(quán)比的約束反演可以提高反演結(jié)果的準(zhǔn)確性與有效性。
[Abstract]:The Longmenshan fault is located in the eastern margin of the Qinghai-Tibet Plateau, which is one of the most active crustal movements in the mainland of China. The study of the active mechanism of the Longmenshan fault can not only provide a scientific basis for us to study the crustal movement of the Qinghai-Tibet Plateau, but also provide valuable information for the prediction and prediction of earthquakes in the region. In this paper, the crustal movement characteristics of Longmenshan fault region after earthquake are analyzed based on GPS observation data, and the slip and rotation of Longmenshan fault are inversed in combination with the directional dislocation model. Secondly, based on dislocation model, GPS and InSAR deformation data are used. The activity of Pingwu-Qingchuan fault is studied. The results obtained in this paper are as follows: (1) based on the data of the land network 09-11 datum station, the inverse distance weighting method is used to fit the velocity field in Longmen Mountain area. The velocity field results show that there are velocity gradients on the east and west sides of the Longmen Mountain fault. The speed varies by 8 mm / a. The least square method is used to calculate the strain field in Longmen Mountain area. The strain distribution shows that the main strain of Longmen Mountain fault is tensile strain after the earthquake. There is still compressive strain accumulation in the southern part of the fault. (2) the Longmenshan fault is mainly characterized by dextral strike-slip and thrusting at the present stage, with the maximum strike-slip rate of 3.6 mm / a and the maximum thrust rate of 2.8 mm / a. Longmenshan fault exists fault rotation, but the value of rotation is small. The crustal movement trend in Longmen Mountain area is clockwise rotation, which is related to the rotation movement of Longmenshan fault. (3) the 3-D slip rate of Pingwu-Qingchuan fault is retrieved by using GPS,InSAR deformation data, respectively. The contrast inversion results show that the GPS inversion results mainly reflect the strike-slip characteristics of the faults, while the InSAR inversion results mainly reflect the dip slip characteristics of the faults. The single data inversion is limited, and it is not possible to study the fault activity characteristics in an all-round way. From the joint inversion of GPS and InSAR deformation data, it can be seen that the Pingwu Qingchuan fault is mainly characterized by dextral strike-slip and thrusting, with a strike-slip rate of 1.0 ~ 1.2mm / a and a thrust rate of 0.5mm / a. (4) the key problem of joint inversion is the determination of relative weight ratio. The magnitude of the relative weight ratio directly affects the inversion results. Compared with the common joint inversion, the constrained inversion of the relative weight ratio can improve the accuracy and effectiveness of the inversion results.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：長安大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2017
【分類號】：P315.2

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