【摘要】：近年來,隨著全球工業(yè)化、城市化的飛速發(fā)展,人類對(duì)礦產(chǎn)資源的需求空前急迫,礦產(chǎn)資源的嚴(yán)重不足已經(jīng)成為制約全球經(jīng)濟(jì)發(fā)展的巨大瓶頸。并且隨著傳統(tǒng)找礦工作的難度和成本增加,對(duì)礦產(chǎn)勘查技術(shù)提出了更高的要求。因此,利用計(jì)算機(jī)、GIS、圖像處理等高新科學(xué)技術(shù),探索一套定量化的礦產(chǎn)資源綜合評(píng)價(jià)體系,對(duì)指導(dǎo)新礦隱伏礦的找礦方向、緩解全球的礦產(chǎn)資源危機(jī)、推動(dòng)社會(huì)經(jīng)濟(jì)的發(fā)展具有重大的現(xiàn)實(shí)意義。本研究以欽杭成礦帶浙江段的金礦典型區(qū)為研究區(qū),基于對(duì)研究區(qū)成礦條件和成礦機(jī)制的充分認(rèn)識(shí),對(duì)收集和整理的地質(zhì)、物探、化探、地形及遙感等多元地學(xué)數(shù)據(jù)進(jìn)行GIS平臺(tái)下的成礦信息挖掘,并應(yīng)用證據(jù)權(quán)法和支持向量機(jī)法兩種礦產(chǎn)評(píng)價(jià)技術(shù)對(duì)研究區(qū)的金礦成礦潛力進(jìn)行綜合評(píng)價(jià)。涉及的研究?jī)?nèi)容和成果認(rèn)識(shí)主要包括：(1)通過對(duì)研究區(qū)成礦地質(zhì)背景、區(qū)域控礦構(gòu)造及剪切帶型金礦特征等的充分認(rèn)識(shí)和總結(jié),對(duì)收集的地質(zhì)圖、地球物理圖、化學(xué)異常圖、DEM影像、遙感影像等多元地學(xué)數(shù)據(jù)進(jìn)行GIS平臺(tái)下的空間配準(zhǔn)和格式統(tǒng)一,并深入挖掘和提取多元成礦有利因素。(2)鑒于研究區(qū)植被覆蓋程度高的特點(diǎn),摒棄了傳統(tǒng)的著眼于蝕變?nèi)跣畔⑻崛〉倪b感找礦技術(shù),創(chuàng)新地提出“遙感環(huán)境單元”的概念,認(rèn)為遙感多波段信息反映了某一特定環(huán)境單元下地質(zhì)、巖性、土壤、氣候等綜合因素的影響,而礦產(chǎn)的富集必然導(dǎo)致特有的遙感環(huán)境特征。因此,利用決策樹分類技術(shù),以分離出成礦有利的環(huán)境單元為目標(biāo),提取了遙感環(huán)境因子。(3)基于研究區(qū)礦產(chǎn)分布特征,提出“Wofe-SVM礦產(chǎn)綜合評(píng)價(jià)方法”。根據(jù)WofE模型得出的權(quán)值系數(shù)及本研究提出的“成礦有利度綜合評(píng)價(jià)指數(shù)”,對(duì)有利的礦產(chǎn)評(píng)價(jià)因子進(jìn)行甄別和篩選。在獲得優(yōu)選的評(píng)價(jià)因子的基礎(chǔ)上,利用SVM模型進(jìn)行研究區(qū)的金礦綜合評(píng)價(jià),并利用WofE評(píng)價(jià)模型進(jìn)行交叉印證和分析。最后結(jié)合多元成礦因素,對(duì)綜合評(píng)價(jià)結(jié)果的準(zhǔn)確性和可靠性進(jìn)行分析。實(shí)踐證明,研究區(qū)地勘資料豐富,多元成礦信息齊備,傳統(tǒng)的基于專家經(jīng)驗(yàn)的人工解譯方式無法充分利用大量的地學(xué)信息,必須采用基于GIS的“知識(shí)驅(qū)動(dòng)型”礦產(chǎn)資源綜合評(píng)價(jià)技術(shù)進(jìn)行信息挖掘和信息融合。并且當(dāng)單一的評(píng)價(jià)方式不足以滿足研究需要時(shí),綜合利用兩種不同評(píng)價(jià)模型的優(yōu)勢(shì),從兩個(gè)維度對(duì)評(píng)價(jià)結(jié)果相互印證,保證了結(jié)果的準(zhǔn)確性和可靠性。同時(shí),充分利用遙感數(shù)據(jù)多波段信息,構(gòu)建“遙感環(huán)境因子”,也是對(duì)傳統(tǒng)地礦勘查工作的重要補(bǔ)充,對(duì)外圍及深部找礦具有深遠(yuǎn)的意義。
[Abstract]:In recent years, with the rapid development of global industrialization and urbanization, the human demand for mineral resources is more urgent than ever. The serious shortage of mineral resources has become a huge bottleneck restricting the development of global economy. With the increasing difficulty and cost of traditional prospecting, higher requirements are put forward for mineral exploration technology. Therefore, using high and new science and technology such as computer, GIS, image processing and so on, the paper explores a set of quantitative comprehensive evaluation system of mineral resources, which can guide the direction of prospecting for hidden ore deposits of new mines and alleviate the global crisis of mineral resources. It is of great practical significance to promote the development of social economy. This study takes the typical gold deposit area of the Qinghang metallogenic belt as the study area. Based on the full understanding of the metallogenic conditions and metallogenic mechanism of the study area, the geological, geophysical and geochemical exploration of the collection and collation is carried out. The multivariate geological data, such as terrain and remote sensing, are used to mine metallogenic information on GIS platform, and two mineral evaluation techniques, evidence weight method and support vector machine method, are used to comprehensively evaluate the metallogenic potential of gold deposits in the study area. The contents and achievements of the research are as follows: (1) the geological maps and geophysical maps are collected by fully understanding and summarizing the metallogenic geological background, the regional ore-controlling structure and the characteristics of the shear zone type gold deposits in the study area. Chemical anomaly map, DEM image, remote sensing image and other multivariate geoscientific data are used to unify the spatial registration and format under the GIS platform, and further excavate and extract the favorable factors of multiple mineralization. (2) in view of the characteristics of high vegetation coverage in the study area, The traditional remote sensing prospecting technology focusing on the extraction of altered weak information is abandoned, and the concept of "remote sensing environmental unit" is put forward innovatively. It is considered that the multi-band remote sensing information reflects the geology, lithology and soil of a particular environmental unit. Climate and other comprehensive factors, and mineral enrichment will inevitably lead to unique remote sensing environmental characteristics. Therefore, remote sensing environmental factors are extracted by using decision tree classification technology to separate the favorable ore-forming environmental units. (3) based on the distribution characteristics of mineral resources in the study area, a comprehensive evaluation method of Wofe-SVM mineral resources is proposed. According to the weight coefficient obtained by WofE model and the comprehensive evaluation index of metallogenic advantage, the favorable mineral evaluation factors were screened and screened. On the basis of obtaining the evaluation factors of excellent selection, the comprehensive evaluation of gold deposits in the study area is carried out by using SVM model, and the cross-validation and analysis are carried out by using the WofE evaluation model. Finally, the accuracy and reliability of the comprehensive evaluation results are analyzed based on multivariate metallogenic factors. It has been proved by practice that the geological prospecting data in the study area are abundant and the multivariate ore-forming information is complete, and the traditional manual interpretation method based on the expert experience can not make full use of a large amount of geoscience information. The knowledge driven comprehensive evaluation technology of mineral resources based on GIS must be adopted for information mining and information fusion. And when a single evaluation method is not enough to meet the research needs, the advantages of two different evaluation models are comprehensively utilized to verify the evaluation results from the two dimensions, which ensures the accuracy and reliability of the results. At the same time, making full use of the multi-band information of remote sensing data to construct the "remote sensing environment factor" is an important supplement to the traditional geological exploration work, and has far-reaching significance to the peripheral and deep prospecting.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：浙江大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級(jí)別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2015
【分類號(hào)】：P618.51

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本文編號(hào)：2272027