強(qiáng)震區(qū)隧道工程地震響應(yīng)特征分析
發(fā)布時(shí)間：2018-10-12 14:40
【摘要】：隨著我國(guó)現(xiàn)代化進(jìn)程的推進(jìn),許多地區(qū)的隧道及地下工程不可避免地會(huì)遇到在活動(dòng)斷層附近或高烈度地震區(qū)的問題。因此研究地震帶區(qū)域隧道穩(wěn)定性地震響應(yīng)特征,具有深遠(yuǎn)的社會(huì)意義。為了研究地震對(duì)隧道的影響規(guī)律,本文首先結(jié)合國(guó)內(nèi)外大地震中隧道震害的實(shí)例,總結(jié)歸納了地震對(duì)隧道的破壞形式和影響因素；然后,基于Wells等人的震級(jí)與地表的破裂關(guān)系的研究,并結(jié)合汶川地震中隧道的震害情況對(duì)隧道的抗震設(shè)計(jì)方法進(jìn)行了分析；其次,利用三維有限元軟件ANSYS模擬了地震波入射角對(duì)隧道影響的規(guī)律；最后,通過分析昆侖山、汶川和阪神地震前后地應(yīng)力的變化,并利用三維有限元軟件3D-sigma模擬了汶川地震前后地應(yīng)力變化對(duì)隧道的影響規(guī)律�；谝陨蠋讉�(gè)方面研究,論文的初步結(jié)論和進(jìn)展如下：(1)通過對(duì)國(guó)內(nèi)外大地震中的隧道震害實(shí)例的研究,結(jié)合汶川地震中隧道的震害情況歸納了地震對(duì)隧道及地下工程的破壞形式主要是隧道洞身和洞口的破壞,其中洞身的破壞模式主要有：①襯砌的剪切錯(cuò)位,②襯砌縱向開裂,③襯砌環(huán)向開裂,④襯砌斜向開裂,⑤底板隆起等。洞口及洞門的破壞模式主要有：①落石崩塌,②滑坡擠壓,③端墻開裂等。(2)研究發(fā)現(xiàn),與地下工程和隧道抗震設(shè)計(jì)直接相關(guān)的參數(shù)是地表破裂長(zhǎng)度SRL(km)、最大同震破裂位移MD(m)、平均同震破裂位移AD(m)。汶川地震發(fā)生時(shí),中央斷裂和龍門山前山斷裂之間的次級(jí)斷層也會(huì)產(chǎn)生一定的活動(dòng),因此處在這兩個(gè)斷裂帶之間的三座隧道震害非常嚴(yán)重�？梢姲l(fā)震斷層附近的附屬斷層在地震時(shí)也會(huì)產(chǎn)生同震位移,并對(duì)穿越的地下結(jié)構(gòu)和隧道產(chǎn)生破壞。(3)從模擬結(jié)果來看,在主應(yīng)力方面,隧道各監(jiān)測(cè)點(diǎn)受到的應(yīng)力大小各不相同,拱肩部位和拱腳部位受最大最小主應(yīng)力影響較為顯著,拱頂和拱底受的最大最小主應(yīng)力較��；在位移方面,拱頂?shù)奈灰谱兓^大,說明拱肩、拱腳和拱頂受地震的影響較為嚴(yán)重,這與實(shí)際中隧道的震害情況較為吻合。(4)通過對(duì)比昆侖山、汶川和阪神地震前后地應(yīng)力的大小,發(fā)現(xiàn)地震能夠引起震中區(qū)地應(yīng)力大小的降低。利用三維有限元軟件3D-sigma模擬了地震前后地應(yīng)力的變化對(duì)隧道穩(wěn)定性的影響結(jié)果發(fā)現(xiàn),地震后隧道斷面上的監(jiān)測(cè)點(diǎn)的最大主應(yīng)力和最小主應(yīng)力均比地震前的小。隧道的左右拱腳受地震的影響最明顯,左右拱肩次之,拱頂和拱底受地震的影響是最小的。
[Abstract]:With the development of modernization in China, tunnels and underground projects in many areas will inevitably encounter problems near active faults or in high-intensity seismic areas. Therefore, it is of profound social significance to study the seismic response characteristics of regional tunnel stability in seismic zone. In order to study the influence of earthquake on tunnel, this paper first summarizes the damage form and influencing factors of tunnel by combining with the examples of tunnel damage caused by large earthquakes at home and abroad, and then summarizes the damage form and influencing factors of tunnel caused by earthquake. Based on the study of the relationship between magnitude and surface rupture of Wells et al., combined with the earthquake damage of tunnel in Wenchuan earthquake, the aseismic design method of tunnel is analyzed. The influence of incident angle of seismic wave on tunnel is simulated by using 3D finite element software ANSYS. Finally, the variation of ground stress before and after Kunlun Mountain, Wenchuan and Hanshin earthquakes is analyzed. The influence law of ground stress change on tunnel before and after Wenchuan earthquake was simulated by using 3D finite element software 3D-sigma. Based on the above studies, the preliminary conclusions and progress of the paper are as follows: (1) through the research of tunnel damage cases in large earthquakes at home and abroad, Combined with the earthquake damage of the tunnel in Wenchuan earthquake, the damage forms of the tunnel and underground engineering are summarized. The main failure modes of the tunnel body are: (1) shear dislocation of lining, (2) longitudinal cracking of lining, Ring cracking of lining, diagonal cracking of lining, uplift of bottom plate, etc. The failure modes of the orifice and portal are as follows: (1) rock collapse, (2) landslide extrusion, (2) crack of the end wall, etc. (2) it is found that, The parameter directly related to the seismic design of underground engineering and tunnel is the surface rupture length SRL (km), the largest coearthquake rupture displacement MD (m), average co-seismic rupture displacement AD (m). At the time of Wenchuan earthquake, the secondary faults between the central fault and Longmenshan fault will also produce certain activities, so the earthquake damage of three tunnels between the two faults is very serious. It can be seen that the subsidiary faults near the seismogenic faults will also produce co-seismic displacement during the earthquake, and will destroy the underground structure and the tunnel. (3) from the simulation results, the magnitude of the stress at the different monitoring points of the tunnel is different in terms of the principal stress. The position of arch shoulder and arch foot are affected by the maximum and minimum principal stress, and the maximum and minimum principal stress of arch top and arch bottom are smaller. The arch foot and arch roof are seriously affected by the earthquake, which is consistent with the actual earthquake damage in the middle tunnel. (4) by comparing the magnitude of the ground stress before and after the Kunlun Mountain, Wenchuan and Hanshin earthquakes, it is found that the earthquake can cause the decrease of the magnitude of the earth stress in the epicenter area. The influence of the variation of ground stress before and after the earthquake on the tunnel stability is simulated by using the three-dimensional finite element software 3D-sigma. The results show that the maximum principal stress and the minimum principal stress at the monitoring point of the tunnel section after the earthquake are smaller than those before the earthquake. The influence of earthquake on the left and right arches of the tunnel is the most obvious, followed by the left and right arches, and the arch roof and the arch bottom are the least affected by the earthquake.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：中國(guó)地震局地殼應(yīng)力研究所
【學(xué)位級(jí)別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2015
【分類號(hào)】：U452.28;P315.9
本文編號(hào)：2266507
[Abstract]:With the development of modernization in China, tunnels and underground projects in many areas will inevitably encounter problems near active faults or in high-intensity seismic areas. Therefore, it is of profound social significance to study the seismic response characteristics of regional tunnel stability in seismic zone. In order to study the influence of earthquake on tunnel, this paper first summarizes the damage form and influencing factors of tunnel by combining with the examples of tunnel damage caused by large earthquakes at home and abroad, and then summarizes the damage form and influencing factors of tunnel caused by earthquake. Based on the study of the relationship between magnitude and surface rupture of Wells et al., combined with the earthquake damage of tunnel in Wenchuan earthquake, the aseismic design method of tunnel is analyzed. The influence of incident angle of seismic wave on tunnel is simulated by using 3D finite element software ANSYS. Finally, the variation of ground stress before and after Kunlun Mountain, Wenchuan and Hanshin earthquakes is analyzed. The influence law of ground stress change on tunnel before and after Wenchuan earthquake was simulated by using 3D finite element software 3D-sigma. Based on the above studies, the preliminary conclusions and progress of the paper are as follows: (1) through the research of tunnel damage cases in large earthquakes at home and abroad, Combined with the earthquake damage of the tunnel in Wenchuan earthquake, the damage forms of the tunnel and underground engineering are summarized. The main failure modes of the tunnel body are: (1) shear dislocation of lining, (2) longitudinal cracking of lining, Ring cracking of lining, diagonal cracking of lining, uplift of bottom plate, etc. The failure modes of the orifice and portal are as follows: (1) rock collapse, (2) landslide extrusion, (2) crack of the end wall, etc. (2) it is found that, The parameter directly related to the seismic design of underground engineering and tunnel is the surface rupture length SRL (km), the largest coearthquake rupture displacement MD (m), average co-seismic rupture displacement AD (m). At the time of Wenchuan earthquake, the secondary faults between the central fault and Longmenshan fault will also produce certain activities, so the earthquake damage of three tunnels between the two faults is very serious. It can be seen that the subsidiary faults near the seismogenic faults will also produce co-seismic displacement during the earthquake, and will destroy the underground structure and the tunnel. (3) from the simulation results, the magnitude of the stress at the different monitoring points of the tunnel is different in terms of the principal stress. The position of arch shoulder and arch foot are affected by the maximum and minimum principal stress, and the maximum and minimum principal stress of arch top and arch bottom are smaller. The arch foot and arch roof are seriously affected by the earthquake, which is consistent with the actual earthquake damage in the middle tunnel. (4) by comparing the magnitude of the ground stress before and after the Kunlun Mountain, Wenchuan and Hanshin earthquakes, it is found that the earthquake can cause the decrease of the magnitude of the earth stress in the epicenter area. The influence of the variation of ground stress before and after the earthquake on the tunnel stability is simulated by using the three-dimensional finite element software 3D-sigma. The results show that the maximum principal stress and the minimum principal stress at the monitoring point of the tunnel section after the earthquake are smaller than those before the earthquake. The influence of earthquake on the left and right arches of the tunnel is the most obvious, followed by the left and right arches, and the arch roof and the arch bottom are the least affected by the earthquake.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：中國(guó)地震局地殼應(yīng)力研究所
【學(xué)位級(jí)別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2015
【分類號(hào)】：U452.28;P315.9
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